Autophagy and KRT8/keratin 8 protect degeneration of retinal pigment epithelium under oxidative stress

Baek, Ahruem,Yoon, Soojin,Kim, Jean,Baek, Yu Mi,Park, Hanna,Lim, Daehan,Chung, Hyewon,Kim, Dong-Eun Taylor and Francis 2017 AUTOPHAGY Vol.13 No.2

<P>Contribution of autophagy and regulation of related proteins to the degeneration of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) remain unknown. We report that upregulation of KRT8 (keratin 8) as well as its phosphorylation are accompanied with autophagy and attenuated with the inhibition of autophagy in RPE cells under oxidative stress. KRT8 appears to have a dual role in RPE pathophysiology. While increased expression of KRT8 following autophagy provides a cytoprotective role in RPE, phosphorylation of KRT8 induces pathologic epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of RPE cells under oxidative stress, which is mediated by MAPK1/ERK2 (mitogen-activated protein kinase 1) and MAPK3/ERK1. Inhibition of autophagy further promotes EMT, which can be reversed by inhibition of MAPK. Thus, regulated enhancement of autophagy with concurrent increased expression of KRT8 and the inhibition of KRT8 phosphorylation serve to inhibit oxidative stress-induced EMT of RPE cells as well as to prevent cell death, suggesting that pharmacological manipulation of KRT8 upregulation through autophagy with combined inhibition of the MAPK1/3 pathway may be attractive therapeutic strategies for the treatment of AMD.</P>

تجليات الانزياح اللغوية والسردية في نماذج من قصص زكريا تامر

백혜원(Baek, Hyewon) 한국아랍어아랍문학회 2021 아랍어와 아랍문학 Vol.25 No.3

تسعى الباحثة إلى التركيز على السمات اللغوية والسردية التي تشكل الأسلوب الخاص لقصة زكريا تامر وتمنحها هوية أدبية فريدة وتكسبها أهمية نقدية وجمالية مع الاستعانة بمفهوم الانزياح (écart) علما بأن كل هذه السمات نجمت عن ظاهرة الانزياح في الخطاب الأدبي. وتعد تجليات لانزياح بحد ذاتها من الظواهر الأسلوبية الرئيسة من ناحية، ومن أهم المحددات للأسلوب وتعريفاته في العمل الأدبي من ناحية أخرى. ومن هنا يمكن القول بأن الدراسات الأسلوبية الشكلية لقصة زكريا تامر لا بد من أن تبدأ بالدرجة الأولى من تسليط الضوء على مفهوم الانزياح وفعالياته في القصص. وبناء على ذلك يتطرق البحث من باب الدراسة النظرية إلى مفهوم الانزياح بتفاصيله، وأهمية مفهوم الانزياح في دراسة الأسلوب الأدبي، ويحدد معايير ت This study “The linguistic and narrative manifestations of deviation in the stories of Zakaria Tamer” spotlights the linguistic and narrative characteristics of the stories of Zakaria Tamer focusing on the concept of deviation. These deviation-caused characteristics form a specific literary style in the stories, and ultimately gives them a unique literary identity and aesthetic importance. This research focuses on deviation because deviation is not only a stylistic characteristic of a work of literature, but is also one of the most important criteria in defining the literary style of a specific piece of literature. Therefore, it is absolutely necessary to focus on the concept of deviation and the linguistic and narrative characteristics that are derived from deviation when analyzing Zakaria Tamer’s work from the perspectives of literary style, linguistics, and structure (as opposed to the content or message).

Ticks Collected from Wild and Domestic Animals and Natural Habitats in the Republic of Korea

Baek-Jun Kim,Hyewon Kim,Sohyun Won,Heung-Chul Kim,Sung-Tae Chong,Terry A. Klein,Ki-Gyoung Kim,Hong-Yul Seo,Joon-Seok Chae 대한기생충학열대의학회 2014 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.52 No.3

A Role for Arabidopsis miR399f in Salt, Drought, and ABA Signaling

Baek, Dongwon,Chun, Hyun Jin,Kang, Songhwa,Shin, Gilok,Park, Su Jung,Hong, Hyewon,Kim, Chanmin,Kim, Doh Hoon,Lee, Sang Yeol,Kim, Min Chul,Yun, Dae-Jin Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2016 Molecules and cells Vol.39 No.2

MiR399f plays a crucial role in maintaining phosphate homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana. Under phosphate starvation conditions, AtMYB2, which plays a role in plant salt and drought stress responses, directly regulates the expression of miR399f. In this study, we found that miR399f also participates in plant responses to abscisic acid (ABA), and to abiotic stresses including salt and drought. Salt and ABA treatment induced the expression of miR399f, as confirmed by histochemical analysis of promoter-GUS fusions. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing miR399f (miR399f-OE) exhibited enhanced tolerance to salt stress and exogenous ABA, but hypersensitivity to drought. Our in silico analysis identified ABF3 and CSP41b as putative target genes of miR399f, and expression analysis revealed that mRNA levels of ABF3 and CSP41b decreased remarkably in miR399f-OE plants under salt stress and in response to treatment with ABA. Moreover, we showed that activation of stress-responsive gene expression in response to salt stress and ABA treatment was impaired in miR399f-OE plants. Thus, these results suggested that in addition to phosphate starvation signaling, miR399f might also modulates plant responses to salt, ABA, and drought, by regulating the expression of newly discovered target genes such as ABF3 and CSP41b.

초기 청소년이 지각한 사회적 지지와 학업열의의 구조적 관계: 자아존중감의 매개효과를 중심으로

백예은(Baek, Yeheun),정혜원(Chung, Hyewon) 한국교육학회 2021 敎育學硏究 Vol.59 No.5

본 연구는 초기 청소년의 자아존중감의 매개효과를 중심으로 초기 청소년이 지각한 사회적 지지 및 학업열의의 구조적 관계를 밝히는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 한국청소년정책연구원에서 수집하는 한국아동·청소년패널조사 2018 (Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey 2018; KCYPS 2018)의 초4 패널 2차년도 자료인 초등학교 5학년과 중1 패널 2차년도 자료인 중학교 2학년 자료를 사용하였다. 또한 다집단 구조방정식 모형을 활용하여 변인 간 구조적 관계와 매개효과를 분석하였고 이에 대한 주요 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 우선, 초·중학생 공통적으로, 초기 청소년이 지각한 부모지지가 자아존중감을 매개하여 학업열의에 정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 초기 청소년이 지각한 교사지지가 학업열의에 정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며 또래지지의 경우, 자아존중감을 매개하여 학업열의에 간접적으로 정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 반면 중학생에게만 특징적으로 중학생이 지각한 교사지지가 학업열의에 직접적으로 정적 영향을 미침과 동시에 자아존중감을 매개하여 간접적으로도 정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 중학생이 지각한 또래지지는 학업열의에 직접적으로는 부적 영향을 미치는 반면, 자아존중감을 매개하였을 때는 학업열의에 정적인 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 학교급을 구분하여 분석함으로써 각 변인 간 달리 나타나는 구조적 관계를 밝히고, 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 초기 청소년의 학업열의를 향상시킬 수 있는 방안을 제시하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다. The purpose of this study is to test the structural relationship among early adolescents’ perceptions of social support (parental, teacher, and peer support), self-esteem, and academic engagement. For this purpose, a multi-group structural equation modeling was applied to the 2 wave of the Korean Children & Youth Panel Survey 2018 (KCYPS 2018) data sets (5th graders, n=2,471 and 8th graders, n=2,590). Results are as follows. For both elementary and middle school students, students’ perception of parental support had a significant positive effect on academic engagement by mediating self-esteem. Also, students’ perception of teacher support had a direct effect on academic engagement. Moreover, students’ perception of peer support had a significant positive effect on academic engagement by mediating self-esteem. In addition, for middle school students only, students’ perception of teacher support had a both significant direct effect as well as indirect effect by mediating self-esteem on academic engagement. While middle school students’ perception of peer support had a negative effect on academic engagement, it had a significant indirect effect on high academic engagement through self-esteem as a mediator. Based on the results of the study, implications to improve the academic engagement of early adolescents and suggestions for future research are discussed.

다층성장모형을 적용한 유아의 또래놀이 상호작용의 종단적 변화와 영향요인 분석

백승희(Baek, Seunghiey),정혜원(Chung, Hyewon) 한국열린유아교육학회 2017 열린유아교육연구 Vol.22 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 유아들의 또래놀이 상호작용의 시간 흐름에 따른 변화 추이를 살펴보고 변화에 있어 개인차에 대한 성별, 모의 양육스트레스, 양육행동, 자아존중감, 교사의 교수효능감과 교사-유아상호작용의 영향력을 검증하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 육아정책연구소의 한국아동패널(Panel Study of Korean Children; PSKC) 4차년도(4세)에서 7차년도(7세)까지의 4년간의 종단 자료 2,150명(남아 1,091명, 여아 1,059명)을 사용하여 다층성장분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 유아들의 또래놀이 상호작용은 시간의 흐름에 따라 선형으로 증가하는 양상을 보였다. 둘째, 또래놀이 상호작용의 초기지(4세)는 여아일수록 교수효능감이 높을수록 높게 나타났으며, 변화율에는 모의 양육행동과 교수효능감은 부적으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 주요 연구 결과를 바탕으로 유아기 또래놀이 상호작용의 종단적 변화가 관련 유아 정책에 가지는 시사점을 논의하였으며, 끝으로 본 연구의 의의와 제한점을 제시하였다. The Purpose of this study is to estimate change rate of children’s interactive peer play and to test effects of gender, parenting stress, parenting behavior, self-esteem, teaching efficacy, and teacher-child interaction on the individual differences. For these purposes, a multi-level growth model was analyzed using the longitudinal data collected by the Panel Study on Korean Children (PSKC) against 2,150 children (1,091 boys, 1,059 girls) between 4 and 7 years old over 4 years. The results are as following. First, children’s interactive peer play increased linearly over the years. Second, the initial status of interactive peer play appeared to be higher as teaching efficacy was higher, especially for the girls, and parenting behavior and teaching efficacy showed negative effect on its change rate. Based on the research results, this paper discusses the implication of the longitudinal trend of children’s interactive peer play has on related children’s policy and also suggests intention and limitation of this study.

청소년들의 학교생활적응의 변화패턴과 지역사회인식의 동시 및 지연효과

백승희 ( Baek Seunghiey ),정혜원 ( Chung Hyewon ) 경북대학교 중등교육연구소 2018 중등교육연구 Vol.66 No.1

본 연구는 청소년들의 학교생활적응의 변화패턴과 지역사회인식의 동시효과 및 지연효과를 살펴보기 위하여 한국아동·청소년 패널조사(Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey: KCYPS)의 중1 패널 데이터 1차(중1)∼6차년도(고3) 자료를 사용하였다. 6년간의 학교생활적응 변화패턴과 지역사회인식의 동시효과 및 지연효과를 탐색하기 위해 잠재성장모형(Latent Growth Model: LGM) 분석을 적용하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 학년이 증가할수록 청소년들의 학교생활적응은 증가하다가 다시 감소하는 양상을 보였다. 둘째, 중1 시점의 지역사회인식이 높을수록 중1 시점의 학교생활적응이 높았으며 이러한 결과는 중학교 시기와 고등학교 시기 6년간에 걸쳐 같은 양상을 보여 동일시점에서 영향을 미치는 동시효과가 있음을 확인하였다. 셋째, 이전시점의 지역사회인식이 이후 시점의 학교생활적응에 영향을 미치는 지연효과를 검증한 결과 중2, 고1 시점의 지역사회인식이 높을수록 중3과 고2 시점에서 학교생활적응을 잘하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 의의와 시사점을 논의하였다. This study investigated the changing trajectory of adaptation to school life and contemporaneous and lagged effects of community awareness in Korean adolescents using KCYPS(Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey) panel data from the 1th to 6th wave. For the analysis, the latent growth model was applied to six time points(7th grade-12th grade). As the main results, First, as students advanced in school year, school life adaptation values showed signs of decrease following a preceding increasing period. Second, results of verifying the impact of the contemporaneous effects of community awareness on school life adaptation showed that 7th graders who displayed higher community awareness also displayed higher school life adaption values at the 7th grade. Consistent aspects were displayed over the 6 years of data, thus implying the existence of contemporaneous effect at concurrent periods. Third, analysis on impact of preceding community awareness on school life adaptation showed that 8th, 10th graders with higher community awareness displayed higher school life adaptation at the 9th and 12th grade, thus confirming the lagged effect. Implication of the study and recommendations for future reseach were discussed.

First report for the seasonal and annual prevalence of flea-borne bartonella from rodents and soricomorphs in the Republic of Korea.

Kim, Baek-Jun,Kim, Su-Jin,Kang, Jun-Gu,Ko, Sungjin,Won, Sohyun,Kim, Hyewon,Kim, Heung-Chul,Kim, Myung-Soon,Chong, Sung-Tae,Klein, Terry A,Lee, Sanghun,Chae, Joon-Seok Mary Ann Liebert, Inc 2013 Vector borne and zoonotic diseases Vol.13 No.7

<P>Rodents and soricomorphs are animal hosts of fleas and associated zoonotic microbial pathogens. A total of 4,889 small mammals were collected from Gyeonggi and Gangwon Provinces, Republic of Korea, from 2008 through 2010, including: Apodemus agrarius (4,122, 84.3%), followed by Crocidura lasiura (282, 5.8%), Microtus fortis (257, 5.3%), Myodes regulus (77, 1.6%), Micromys minutus (71, 1.5%), Mus musculus (63, 1.3%), and 4 other species (17, 0.3%). A total of 1,099 fleas belonging to 10 species and 7 genera were collected. Ctenophthalmus congeneroides (724, 65.9%) was the most commonly collected flea, followed by Stenoponia sidimi (301, 27.4%), Neopsylla bidentatiformis (29, 2.6%), and Rhadinopsylla insolita (25, 2.3%). The remaining species accounted for only 1.8% (20, range 1-6) of all fleas collected. The 2 dominant flea species, C. congeneroides and S. sidimi, showed an inverse seasonal pattern, with higher populations of C. congeneroides from January-September, whereas S. sidimi was more frequently collected during October-December. The overall flea infestation rates (FIR) and flea indices (FI) were 14.1% and 0.22, respectively, and were highest during April-June (19.7% and 0.30, respectively). A total of 735 of the 1,099 fleas were assayed for the detection of Bartonella spp. by PCR using Bartonella-specific primers, of which 515 were positive for Bartonella, with an overall maximum likelihood estimate (MLE) of 700.7/1,000. The highest MLE values were observed during April-June (899.2) and July-September (936.2) trapping periods and, although lower, were similar for January-March (566.7) and October-December (574.1). C. congeneroides demonstrated high MLEs for all seasons (range 752.5-934.8), while S. sidimi was positive for Bartonella only during January-March (MLE=342.1) and October-December (MLE=497.2) collection periods. Continued long-term surveillance of small mammals and associated ectoparasites is needed to improve our understanding of the prevalence of Bartonella spp. in fleas and the role of fleas in the zoonotic maintenance and transmission of Bartonella to humans.</P>

국가수준 학업성취도 평가 결과에 기반한 고등학생의 학업성취도 예측 변인 탐색

정혜원 ( Hyewon Chung ),김아름 ( Arum Kim ),백예은 ( Yeheun Baek ) 경북대학교 중등교육연구소 2021 중등교육연구 Vol.69 No.4

본 연구는 고등학생의 국가수준 학업성취도 평가의 2018년, 2019년, 2020년 자료를 활용하여 원격수업을 통한 비대면 수업이 진행된 2020년에 특징적으로 나타난 학업성취도 예측 변인을 탐색하고자 하였다. 분석에는 고등학생의 최근 3개년 국가수준 학업성취도 평가 자료를 활용하였으며, 학생이 학교에 내재된 자료의 구조를 반영하여 머신러닝 기법 중 자료의 다층적 구조를 고려한 혼합효과 랜덤포레스트 기법을 적용하였다. 2018년, 2019년과 비교하여 2020년에 나타난 특징적인 결과는 다음과 같다. 2020년 국어, 수학, 영어 학업성취도 공통적으로 ‘방과 후 활동’ 영역에서 사설 기관에서 제공하는 강의 참여도와 관련한 문항이 도출되었으며 국어와 영어 학업성취도의 경우 ‘학습 관련 정의적 특성’ 영역에서 학생의 학업동기와 관련한 문항이, ‘원격수업 환경 변화’에서 학교에 대한 소속감과 관련한 문항이 주요 변인으로 도출되었다. 또한 수학과 영어에서 ‘방과 후 활동’ 영역에서 EBS 교육방송 시청 시간과 관련 문항이 공통적으로 도출되었다. 이러한 결과를 통해 고등학생의 학업성취도 향상을 위한 시사점을 논의하고 후속 연구를 제언하였다. The purpose of this study is to explore the variables predicting achievement of high school students in 2020 when online classes were conducted. To do this, the mixed-effects random forest, one of machine learning techniques considering the multi-level data structure, was applied to data from 2018, 2019, and 2020 of high school students' National Assessment of Educational Achievement(NAEA). The main results are as following. In 2020 academic achievement, the questionnaire related to lecture participation provided by private institutions in ‘after-school activities’ was commonly selected for Korean, mathematics and English achievements. In both Korean and English achievements, the questionnaires related to students’ academic motivation and sense of belonging to school in ‘learning-related affective characteristics’ and ‘online class environment' were selected as important variables. In addition, the questionnaire related EBS education broadcasting viewing time in ‘after-school activities' was commonly selected for both mathematics and English. Based on the result, implications for improving high school students' academic achievement were discussed.

고 에너지 볼 밀의 회전 속도에 따른 활석의 입도 및 광물학적 특성 변화 연구

김혜원(Hyewon Kim),김희주(Heeju Kim),백성지(Seongji Baek),김동휘(Donghwi Kim),공예림(Yerim Kong),김진우(Jinwoo Kim),김민식(Minsik Kim),김현나(Hyunna Kim) 대한지질학회 2018 대한지질학회 학술대회 Vol.2018 No.10