Associations of dietary intake and metabolic syndrome risk parameters in Vietnamese female marriage immigrants in South Korea: The KoGES follow-up study

Namsoo Chang,Hye Won Chung,Ji-Myung Kim,Hyesook Kim,Hyesu Yang 대한지역사회영양학회 2016 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.10 No.3

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to compare the overall changes in dietary intake and metabolic syndrome risk parameters in Vietnamese marriage-based female immigrants over time. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The subjects of this study were 581 Vietnamese marriage-based female immigrants, who were recruited from local clinical centers in Korea. Baseline data were collected from 2006-2011 and the follow-up data were collected from 2012-2014. Dietary food intake was assessed by a 1-day 24-hour recall method. RESULTS: Compared to the baseline, the mean body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure increased while the fasting blood sugar, triglycerides and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol decreased at follow-up. The total consumption of foods such as vegetables/fruits/seaweeds/mushrooms, oil and fat, and eggs decreased during the follow-up period, whereas the consumption of sugars, beverages and meats increased. Partial correlation between the rate of change [(Follow-up - Baseline) / Baseline × 100] in metabolic syndrome risk parameters and food intake after controlling for confounding factors showed that the waist circumference was positively correlated with either the total plant food intake (r = 0.1042, P = 0.0129) or the total food intake (r = 0.0880, P = 0.0359). The plasma levels of total cholesterol (r = -0.1918, P = 0.0289) and HDL-cholesterol (r = -0.1424, P = 0.0007) were negatively correlated with the percentage of total intake from plant food, and HDL-cholesterol levels were positively correlated with the intake of total animal food (r = 0.0980, P = 0.0217). The serum C-reactive protein levels were positively correlated with the total intake of animal food (r = 0.2374, P < 0.0001) or the percentage of total intake from animal food (r = 0.1346, P = 0.0016). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the change rate of dietary intake such as total plant food or animal food is associated with the change rates of metabolic syndrome risk parameters.

Macronutrient composition of human milk from Korean mothers of full term infants born at 37-42 gestational weeks

Chang, Namsoo,Jung, Ji A,Kim, Hyesook,Jo, Ara,Kang, Sujeong,Lee, Si-Won,Yi, Hyunju,Kim, Jihee,Yim, Jong-Gap,Jung, Byung-Moon The Korean Nutrition Society 2015 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.9 No.4

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Breast milk is the best available food for optimum growth and development of infants and the breastfeeding rate is increasing in Korea. The purpose of this study is to measure the concentrations of macronutrients and to evaluate their changes according to lactation period in breast milk from lactating Korean women. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Milk samples were obtained from 2,632 healthy lactating women (mean age; $32.0{\pm}3.3years$), where the lactating period was up to a period of 8 months, who also volunteered to participate in the Human Milk Macronutrient Analysis Research. Lactose, protein, fat and water content in the breast milk samples were analyzed with infrared spectrometry using MilkoScan FT-2. RESULTS: The mean macronutrient composition per 100 mL of mature breast milk was 7.1 g for lactose, 1.4 g for protein and 3.0 g for fat, and energy content was 61.1 kcal. The protein concentration was significantly lower in milk samples at 1-2 weeks (2.0 g/dL) to 2-3 months (1.4 g/dL) than those at 0-1 week (2.2 g/dL), but it was similar among samples from 3-4 months to 7-8 months (1.3 g/dL). Mean lipid levels varied among different lactational period groups (2.7-3.2 g/dL), but presented no significant difference. Lactose concentration in the milk samples did not differ with lactation period. Maternal body mass index was positively related to protein and lipid breast milk contents, but was negatively related to lactose content. General linear models examining the associations between maternal variables and milk macronutrient content revealed that lactation period had a major impact on protein and lipid, but not on lactose content in breast milk. CONCLUSIONS: These results warrant future studies to explore factors that may be associated with changes in macronutrient content in human milk.

C₃H마우스 섬유육종에 있어서 2-Deoxy-D-Glucose가 방사선 효과에 미치는 영향 : ³¹P-자기 공명 분광기와 유세포 분석기를 이용한 연구

장혜숙,최은경,조정길 울산대학교 의과대학 1992 울산의대학술지 Vol.1 No.1

Since 2-Deoxy-D-Glucose(2-DDG) inhibits the glycolysis and malignant tumors have high rates of glycolysis, the potential anticancer effect of 2-DDG has been questioned. In this study, we evaluated the effect of 2-DDG on radiation response in a tumor by the growth delay assay and attempted to characterize the metabolic response and 2-DDG effects on cell cycle and proliferative capacity by means of in vivo ³¹P-MRS and flow cytomety, respectively. 3 dimensions of tumor were measured everyday and volume was calculated from the formula πABC/6. 120 amimals were evenly divided for 12 treatment groups; irradiated with 0Gy, 20Gy, 30Gy, 40Gy, 50Gy, and 60Gy in a single fraction with/without 2-DDG, 1gm/kg which was injected IP 1 day prior to irradiation. ³¹P-MRS were obtained on 4th-12th day after irradiation and averaged peak area of inorganic phosphate(Pi), phosphocreatine(PCr), phosphomonoester(PME) and β-ATP from the tumor of different treatment groups were compared. After 2-DDG injection, growth rate of tumor slowed down. Tumor doubling time between tumor age 5-12 days was 0.84 days with slope 0.828 and tumor doubling time between tumor age 13-28 days was 3.2 days with slope 0.218 in control group. After 2-DDG injection, tumor doubling time was elongated to 5.1 days with slope 0.136. In vivo ³¹P-MRS suggested that the rate of increase in PME and Pi by increasing size of tumor, slowed down after 2-DDG injection. Authors observed in irradiated group that 2-DDG slowed the rates of change in the ratio of Pi/βATP plotted as a function of days after the treatment but 2-DDG did not affect the rates of changes in PCr and PME. Flow cytometry showed significantly increased S-phase and G2 + M phase fraction suggesting increased proliferative capacity of tumor cells in the presence of 2-DDG but authors did not observe any significant change in cell cycle fraction for irradiated group in the presnece of 2-DDG. Growth curves did not show any enhanced growth dealy by the addition of 2-DDG compared with that by radiation alone. Even though authors failed to observe any radiosensitizing effect of 2-DDG in this study, we felt that the findings from ³¹P-MRS were intriguing enough to warrant the further study with higher dose and different schedule of 2-DDG and radiation.

Effect of 2-Deoxy-D-Glucose on Metabolic Status, Proliferative Capacity and Growth Rate of FSall Tumor

Hyesook Chang(장혜숙) , Eun Kyung Choi최은경) , Jeong Gill Cho(조정길) , Tae-Hwan Lim(임태환) , Tae-Keun Lee(이대근) ,Yun Yi(이윤) ,Young Joo Cho(조영주) , Gon Sup Kim(김곤섭) 대한방사선종양학회 1991 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.9 No.1

2-DDG가 쥐의 섬유육종(FSall)에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구로 에너지 신진대사는 체내에서의 ³¹P - 자기공명 분광기를 이용하여 관찰하였고 세포 증식 능력은 유세포 분석기를 사용하여 연구하였다. 성장속도는 개의 세포를 C₃Hj/Sed 쥐의 발등에 이식한 후 3차원적으로 측정하여 관찰하였다. 2-DDG를 투여한 경우에는 이식후 12일에 복강내로 주사하였다. 이식후 12일의 종양의 평균 크기는 250㎣이었다. FSall 종양의 성장속도는 semilog graph의 기울기와 종양의 doubling time으로 측정하였다. 2-DDG를 투여한 후 성장속도가 감속되었다. 5~12일 사이의 성장속도의 기울기가 0.828, 종양의 Idubling time이 0.84일이고 대조군에서는 13~28일 사이의 기울기가 0.218, doubling time이 3.2일인 반면 2-DDG 투여군에서는 성장속도의 기울기가 0.135이고 doubling time이 5.1일이었다. ³¹P-자기공명 분광기를 이용하여 2-DDG의 영향을 분석해 본 결과 2-DDG 투여후 종양증식 속도의 감속과 더불어 phosphomonester (PME)와 inorganic phosphate (Pi)의 증가속도가 감소하였다. 이것은 2-DDG 투여후 세포의 괴사가 감소하였다는 의미가 있다. 유세포 분석기를 이용하여 종양의 증식 능력을 분석한 결과는 2-DDG 투여후 S-phase와 G₂+M phase의 DNA 분포가 크게 증가하였다. 이것은 2-DDG 투여후 세포가 좀더 방사선에 민감한 cycle로 진행함을 의미하는 것으로 해석할 수 있다. 이에 저자들은 2-DDG가 FSall 종양세포에 미치는 흥미있는 결과를 토대로 방사선 치료에 미치는 영향과 실제 이용 가능성에 대하여 더 연구하고자 한다. The effect of 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DDG) on C₃H mouse fibrosarcoma(FSall) was studied, Metabolic status, especially for energy metabolism, was studied using in vivo P-MRS, prolifer-ative capacity was observed on flow cytometry(FC) and growth rate was measured after trans-plantation of viable tumor cells in the dorsum of foot of C₃Hf/Sed mice. One gram of 2-DDG per kg of body weight was injected intraperitoneally on 12th day of implantation. Average tumor size on 12th day of implantion was 250㎣. Growth rate of FSall tumor was measured by tumor doubling time and slope on semilog plot. After 2-DDG injection, growth rate slowed down. Tumor doubling time between tumor age 5-12 days was 3.2 days with slope 0.218 in control group. After 2-DDG injection, tumor doubling time was elongated to 5.1 days with slope 0.136. The effect of 2-DDG studied in vivo P-MRS suggested that the increase of phosphomonoes-ter (PME) and inorganic phosphate (Pi) by increasing size of tumor, slowed down after 2-DDG injection. Flow cytometry showed significantly increased S-phase and G₂ + M phase fraction suggesting increased proliferative capacity of tumor cells in the presence of 2-DDG. Authors observed an interesting effect of 2-DDG on FSall tumor and attempt to utilize as an adjunct for radiotherapy.

Macronutrient composition of human milk from Korean mothers of full term infants born at 37-42 gestational weeks

Namsoo Chang,Ji A Jung,Hyesook Kim,Ara Jo,Sujeong Kang,Si-Won Lee,Hyunju Yi,Jihee Kim,Jong-Gap Yim,Byung-Moon Jung 대한지역사회영양학회 2015 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.5 No.6

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Breast milk is the best available food for optimum growth and development of infants and the breastfeeding rate is increasing in Korea. The purpose of this study is to measure the concentrations of macronutrients and to evaluate their changes according to lactation period in breast milk from lactating Korean women. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Milk samples were obtained from 2,632 healthy lactating women (mean age; 32.0 ± 3.3 years), where the lactating period was up to a period of 8 months, who also volunteered to participate in the Human Milk Macronutrient Analysis Research. Lactose, protein, fat and water content in the breast milk samples were analyzed with infrared spectrometry using MilkoScan FT-2. RESULTS: The mean macronutrient composition per 100 mL of mature breast milk was 7.1 g for lactose, 1.4 g for protein and 3.0 g for fat, and energy content was 61.1 kcal. The protein concentration was significantly lower in milk samples at 1-2 weeks (2.0 g/dL) to 2-3 months (1.4 g/dL) than those at 0-1 week (2.2 g/dL), but it was similar among samples from 3-4 months to 7-8 months (1.3 g/dL). Mean lipid levels varied among different lactational period groups (2.7-3.2 g/dL), but presented no significant difference. Lactose concentration in the milk samples did not differ with lactation period. Maternal body mass index was positively related to protein and lipid breast milk contents, but was negatively related to lactose content. General linear models examining the associations between maternal variables and milk macronutrient content revealed that lactation period had a major impact on protein and lipid, but not on lactose content in breast milk. CONCLUSIONS: These results warrant future studies to explore factors that may be associated with changes in macronutrient content in human milk.

Impact of Sex on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Outcomes: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis

조재영,( Chang-hoon Lee ),( Deog Kyeom Kim ),( Hun-gyu Hwang ),( Yu-il Kim ),( Hyesook Choi ),( Jeong-woong Park ),( Kwang Ha Yoo ),( Ki-suck Jung ),( Sang-do Lee ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2017 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.124 No.-

Background: Despite increasing awareness of the burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in women, knowledge regarding sex differences in COPD outcomes is limited. Methods: To determine whether COPD outcomes, including exacerbations, lung function and symptoms differ by sex, we recruited COPD patients from two Korean multicenter prospective cohorts. After propensity score matching, the main outcome, the incidence of moderate or severe exacerbations was analyzed using a negative binomial regression model. We also assessed changes in lung function and symptom scores including the St. George’s respiratory questionnaire for COPD (SGRQ-C), COPD assessment test (CAT), and the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea score. Results: After propensity score matching, 74 women and 74 men with COPD were included. The incidence rates of exacerbations in women and men were not significantly different (incidence rate ratio, 1.49; 95% CI, 0.88-2.54). There was no significant difference in the incidence rates adjusted for medication possession ratios of long-acting muscarinic antagonists, long-acting β-agonists, and inhaled corticosteroids during the follow-up period (incidence rate ratio, 1.47; 95% CI, 0.86-2.52). Rates of decline in post-bronchodilator FEV1 and FVC did not differ between women and men during 48 months of follow-up. The changes in scores on the SGRQ-C, CAT, and mMRC Questionnaire in women were also similar to those in men. Conclusions: We observed no sex differences in the rate of exacerbations of COPD in a prospective longitudinal study.

Macronutrient composition of human milk from Korean mothers of full term infants born at 37-42 gestational weeks

Namsoo Chang,Ji A Jung,Hyesook Kim,Ara Jo,Sujeong Kang,Si-Won Lee,Hyunju Yi,Jihee Kim,Jong-Gap Yim,Byung-Moon Jung 한국영양학회 2015 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.9 No.4

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Breast milk is the best available food for optimum growth and development of infants and the breastfeeding rate is increasing in Korea. The purpose of this study is to measure the concentrations of macronutrients and to evaluate their changes according to lactation period in breast milk from lactating Korean women. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Milk samples were obtained from 2,632 healthy lactating women (mean age; 32.0 ± 3.3 years), where the lactating period was up to a period of 8 months, who also volunteered to participate in the Human Milk Macronutrient Analysis Research. Lactose, protein, fat and water content in the breast milk samples were analyzed with infrared spectrometry using MilkoScan FT-2. RESULTS: The mean macronutrient composition per 100 mL of mature breast milk was 7.1 g for lactose, 1.4 g for protein and 3.0 g for fat, and energy content was 61.1 kcal. The protein concentration was significantly lower in milk samples at 1-2 weeks (2.0 g/dL) to 2-3 months (1.4 g/dL) than those at 0-1 week (2.2 g/dL), but it was similar among samples from 3-4 months to 7-8 months (1.3 g/dL). Mean lipid levels varied among different lactational period groups (2.7-3.2 g/dL), but presented no significant difference. Lactose concentration in the milk samples did not differ with lactation period. Maternal body mass index was positively related to protein and lipid breast milk contents, but was negatively related to lactose content. General linear models examining the associations between maternal variables and milk macronutrient content revealed that lactation period had a major impact on protein and lipid, but not on lactose content in breast milk. CONCLUSIONS: These results warrant future studies to explore factors that may be associated with changes in macronutrient content in human milk.

Radiosensitization of Cis-Platimum in the Treatment of Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

장혜숙 (Hyesook Chang) 대한방사선종양학회 1992 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.10 No.1

CIS-PLATINUM(DDP)을 제 3기, 제4기 두경부종양환자에게 방사선 민감제로 사용한 임상연구 결과를 보고한다. 1984년부터 1987년까지 DDP 20mg/M2/day를 4일간 방사선 치료와 동시에 투여하였으며 DDP는 3주 간격으로 반복투여 되었다. 치료는 종양세포 감소시기, 근치시기 및 보조 치료시기로 나누어 시행되었다. 본 논문에서 59명 환자의 치료결과 및 합병증에 대하여 보고한다. 근치시기동안 27명이 방산선치료 45Gy 후 근치적 수술을 시행한 제 I 치료군으로, 29명이 근치적 방사선치료 65Gy를 시행한 제 II치료군으로 분류되고 3명의 환자는 근치시기의 치료를 끝내지 못하였다. 종양세포 감소시기의 치료로 완전관해 47.5%, 부분관해 47.5%로 전체 반응률 95%를 보였다. 근치시기 치료후 전체적으로는 84% (47/56)의 완전 관해를 보였고, 제 I 치료군에서는 96%(26/27), 제 II 치료군에서는 72%(21/29)가 완전 관해를 보였다. 제 I치료군에서 원발병소의 67%에서, 임파절 병변의 70%에서 병리소견상 종양이 관찰되지 않았다. 근치시기치료후 완전관해 환자중 34%에서 재발하였으며 재발까지의 평균시간은 8개월이었다. 전체 56명 환자의 4년 무병생존율은 59%였고 근치시기에 완전관해를 보인 환자중 51%(24/47)가 31개월의 평균 추적관찰기간(범위: 10~51개월)동안 무병생존하였다. 제 I치료군과 제 II치료군 사이에 전체생존율, 무병생존율에 있어서 유의한 차이는 보이지 않았다. 종양세포감소시기에 완전관해 및 부분관해를 보인 환자들 사이에 생존율에서는 차이가 없었으며 가장 중요한 예후인자는 근치시기 치료로 완전관해 되었는지 여부이었다. 전체대상 환자의 합병증은 일반적인 치료시에 비하여 심하지 않았으며 치료에 잘 적응하였다. 본 연구에서 DDP가 비교적 적은 합병증을 동반한 의미있는 방사선 민감제임을 확인하였으며 치료효과를 증대시키기 위하여 DDP와 방사선치료의 적절한 투여 계획을 결정하는 전향적연구가 필요하다고 생각한다. Cis-Platinum (DDP) was utilized as a radiosensitizer in a pilot study for stage III and IV squamous cell carcinoma between 1984-1987, and DDP 20mg/M2/day was administered for 4 days at 3 week interval with concurrent radiotherapy. This study consisted of three phases: cytoreduction phase, eradicative treatment phase and adjuvant phase. Total 59 patients were subjected to evaluate a tumor response and its toxicity. During the eradicative phase, 27 patients underwent surgery (group I). 29 patients were treated with radiotherapy only (group II) and 3 patients did not complete the second phase of therapy. At the cytoreduction phase. 95% response rate with complete response (CR) 47.5% and partial response (PR) 47.5% was observed. Complete tumor clearance (CTC) rate following 2nd phase of therapy was 84% (47/56) with 26/27(96%) in group I achieved CTC with surgery and 21/29(72%) patients in group II achieved CTC following 2nd phase. 67% of primary lesions and 70% of nodal diseases in group I showed no tumor in the surgical specimen. 34% of patiets who achieved CTC at 2nd phase developed recurrence and median time to recur was 8 months. Actuarial disease free survival at 4 years was 59% and 51% (24/27) of patients who achieved CTC at 2nd phase were alive without any evidence of disease at median follow-up 31 months (range, 10-48 months). There was no significant difference in overall and disease free survival between group I and II, between CR and PR group following 1st phase. Only significant prognostic factor in this study was the complete tumor clearance following 2nd Phase theapy. In general, toxicity was not excessive. Author concludes that this study confirmed the significant radiosensitizing effect of DDP with the acceptable toxicity and warrant the prospective study to determine optimum scheduling for DDP and radiotherapy which maximizes the therapeutic gain.

A New Technique for Whole Craniospinal Irradiation (WCSI)

장혜숙(Hyesook Chang) 대한방사선종양학회 1991 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.9 No.1

전중추신경 방사선 조사는 수아세포종, 중추신경정상피종, 중추신경임파종, 중추신경백혈병 환자 치료에 시행한다. 뇌부위에는 양면 조사야를 통하고 척추 신경부위는 후면 단일 조사야를 통해 방사선 조사한다. 이때 조사야가 인접한 부위에서 발생하는 방사선조사야의 중첩에 의한 선량의 불균일성은 큰 문제로, 특히 척추신경의 극히 한정된 방사선 인내능력으로 인해 심각한 부작용을 병발할 수 있다. 이 문제를 해결하기위한 많은 연구가 보고되고 있으나 그들이 보고한 방법에 의해서도 불균일성은 최고 60%~70%로부터 최소 15%~20%에 이른다. 저자는 split beam (central axis beam)과 collimator rotation technique을 이용하거나 collimator/couch rotation technique을 이용하여 3조사야가 접하는 부위의 방사선량의 불균일성을 해결하고자 시도하였다. 저지의 방법으로 시행할 때 3조사야가 접하는 부위에서 불균일성은 5% 정도로 감소시킬 수 있었다. 본 논문에서 저자의 방법의 장 단점을 기술하였다. To irradiate the entire neuroaxis, bilateral parallel opposed brain fields and direct posterior spinal field have been utilized and radiation dose at the junction between abutting fields has been extensively studied. And several workable methods were reported to achieve uniform dose at a desired depth at the junction of orthogonal fields has been a persistent problem in radiation oncology. Author describes a new method to solve the junction problem between abutting fields whose central axis are orthogonal. Author utilized split beam/comllimator rotation or collimator/ couch rotation to avoid hot or cold spots that may arise from beam divergence. Author achieved accurate and homogeneous dose distribution by mathching the 50% isodose line at the junction between orthogonal central axis beam fields.

Characteristics of Humidifier Use in Korean Pregnant Women

Moon-Hee Chang,Hyesook Park,Mina Ha,Yangho Kim,Eun-Hee Ha 환경독성보건학회 2012 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.27 No.-

Objectives: The current use of humidifier detergent and its harmful impact on humans has arisen as a societal environmental health issue. Therefore, in this study we aimed to explore the relationship between demo-socio characteristics and humidifier use, as well as the monthly usage changes in pregnant women; thus, we report the actual status of humidifier usage of Korea’s pregnant population. Methods: From a birth cohort of a Mothers and Children’s Environmental Health (MOCEH) study, 1,144 pregnant women who responded through questionnaires including demo-socio characteristics, obstetric status and household environment including whether they use humidifier and frequency of use were included in this study. Statistical analyses were performed to explore the relationship between maternal characteristics and the relevance of the use of humidifiers was performed using a chi-square test, a t-test and univariate logistic regression analysis. The monthly usage rate was demonstrated in the graph. Results: The humidifier usage rate in pregnant women was 28.2%. The average frequency of humidifier usage was 4.6 days per week, 7.3 hours per day. The usage rate was higher in the multipara group and the above the age of 34 age group than in the primipara and below the age of 34 groups. Seoul showed a higher usage rate than Cheonan and Ulsan and as the education level and income increased, the usage rate of humidifiers among pregnant women also increased. In the monthly trend of usage rate, the winter season showed the highest usage rate of over 45% and the lowest in late summer and beginning of fall with a value of 12% or less. Conclusions: During pregnancy, the mother’s body is especially vulnerable to hazardous environmental exposure that not only affects the pregnant woman but also the fetus. Further research is still needed to elucidate the route and effect of environmental risk factors. Therefore, based on precautionary and preventive principles, special interest and caution in harmful environments are strongly needed not only at an individual level but also at a national level.