Wetland Function Evaluation and Expert Assessment of Organic Rice-Fish Mixed Farming System

Hongsik Nam,Kwanglai Park,Nanhee An,Sangmin Lee,Junglai Cho,Bongrae Kim,Jongahk Lim,Changwon Lee,Seonu Choi,Changhyun Kim,Minjae Kong,Jinkwan Son 한국습지학회 2018 한국습지학회지 Vol.20 No.2

우리나라 농업․농촌은 경영 개선을 위해 유기농 쌀 생산과 더불어 담수어를 생산하는 복합영농이 시작되었다. 본 연구는 복합영농이 환경, 생태적 기능에 얼마나 가치가 있는지 알아보았다. 연구방법은 전문가 평가와 습지평가체계(RAM)를 분석하였다. 전문가 조사 결과 양서파충류 서식처(2.39), 수서곤충 서식처(2.36), 어류 서식처(2.34), 식생다양성(2.13), 조류 서식처(2.05) 등 생물다양성 분야와 체험/생태교육(2.29) 기능이 1순위로 구분되었다. Modified RAM를 통해 관행논과 복합논의 습지기능평가를 실시한 결과 복합논이 대부분의 평가기능 항목에서 기능이 향상 되는 것으로 평가되었다. 보전가치 판단기준은 관행논 향상에서 복합논 보전으로 가치가 향상 되었다. 연구결과 복합영농은 관행논에 비해 습지 기능이 탁월하게 개선되는 것을 평가를 통해 알 수 있었다. 논은 국가 생물다양성 유지에 지대한 역할을 수행하며, 기후조절, 탄소저감 등 다양한 생태계서비스를 제공하는 공간으로 평가받는다. 복합영농 실현은 논의 다양한 생태계서비스 기능을 증진시켜 줄 뿐 아니라 물고기 생산이라는 부가가치를 통한 농가의 소득증대와 그로 인한 체험, 전통계승 등의 사회적 기능 증진에도 유용 할 수 있다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 습지기능평가가 높게 개선된 항목과 전문가들로부터 높은 개선이 예상된 항목을 실재 운영 시 정량 평가 및 조사하여 생산되는 물고기과 쌀의 친환경 이미지를 제고시키고 브랜드, 음식, 체험, 논농업 직불제 등 다양한 분야로 활용하도록 연구를 추가적으로 추진해야 할 것으로 판단된다. A mixed farming system that includes organic rice production and freshwater fish farming is being called into attention in Korean agricultural industry and rural areas in order to improve farm management and environmental conservation. This study was conducted to evaluate the environmental and ecological value of such mixed farming practices. Expert assessment and rapid assessment method (RAM) of wetland evaluation were employed for this study. Experts have responded that biodiversity conservation including amphibian and reptile habitat (2.39), aquatic insect habitat (2.36), Fishery habitat (2.34), vegetation diversity (2.13), avian habitat (2.05), and experience and education were the most important function of mixed farming. The wetland function evaluation conducted using modified RAM indicated that rice-fish mixed system showed improvements in most of the evaluated functions, compared to the conventional rice paddies. The overall wetland function of rice paddies in rice-fish mixed system was greatly improved as compared with the conventional rice paddies. Rice paddies are known to play an important role in biodiversity maintenance, and provide ecosystem services such as climate modulation and carbon reduction. Rice-fish mixed system of farming may not only improve various ecosystem services of rice paddies, but may increase farm income through value added fish farming, as well as promotion of social services such as education and maintenance of tradition. Additional research is needed for quantitative analysis of the values gained from the most improved wetland function when mixed farming system is actually put into practice, and to utilize the results in advertising of the organic rice, and in various sectors such as food, education and direct payment policy.

Swelling Behavior and Drug Release of Poly(vinyl alcohol) Hydrogel Cross-Linked with Poly(acrylic acid)

Hongsik Byun,Byungpyo Hong,Sang Yong Nam,Sun Young Jung,Ji Won Rbim,Sang Bong Lee,Go Young Moon 한국고분자학회 2008 Macromolecular Research Vol.16 No.3

The construction of tandem dye-sensitized solar cells from chemically-derived nanoporous photoelectrodes

Choi, Hongsik,Hwang, Taehyun,Lee, Sangheon,Nam, Seunghoon,Kang, Joonhyeon,Lee, Byungho,Park, Byungwoo Elsevier 2015 Journal of Power Sources Vol.274 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A tandem dye-sensitized solar cell (tandem-DSSC) was synthesized on the basis of thin-film semiconductor electrodes. The nanoporous <I>p</I>-type NiO films were successfully obtained by simultaneous deposition of Al and Ni, followed by selective etching of Al and oxidation. Likewise, the <I>n</I>-type photoanode was made where Ag was etched in nitric acid after the initial formation of Ag/TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanocomposites. Such dye-sensitized photoelectrodes were combined to construct a tandem solar cell which exhibited an enhanced open-circuit voltage. Also, the tandem devices were subjected to various light fluxes to correlate the experimental cell parameters (open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, fill factor, recombination shunt resistance, etc.) with the ideal one-diode model. Interestingly, impedance spectra of the tandem cell was well matched with the parameters from each of the <I>n-</I>type or <I>p-</I>type DSSC, indicative of successfully-designed tandem structure.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Fabrication of tandem-DSSCs by simple sputtering deposition and selective etching. </LI> <LI> Parameters (<I>V</I> <SUB>oc</SUB>, <I>J</I> <SUB>sc</SUB>, <I>FF</I>, <I>R</I> <SUB>sh</SUB>, and <I>R</I> <SUB>sh</SUB> <SUP>recom</SUP>) fitted with an ideal one-diode model. </LI> <LI> Successfully-designed tandem construction confirmed by impedance analysis. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

VR게임의 이용자 경험: 현존감이 즐거움에 미치는 영향을 중심으로

남선숙 ( Sunsook Nam ),유홍식 ( Hongsik Yu ),신동희 ( Donghee Shin ) 정보통신정책학회 2017 정보통신정책연구 Vol.24 No.3

본 연구는 VR의 미디어 특성이 잘 구현된 3D 영상과 즉각적이고도 연속적인 상호작용이 가능한 VR게임에서 동적인 게임과 정적인 게임 콘텐츠의 차이를 중심으로 한다. 룸 스케일의 동적인 1인칭 슈팅게임과 앉아서 가상현실 속 캐릭터를 모션 컨트롤러로 조작하는 정적인 플랫폼게임을 체험한 피험자들이 평가하는 장치적 특성(시스템/인터페이스 품질)과 3D 영상에서 인지된 특성(근접감/입체감/선명감), 현존감(공간관여/시간관여/몰입역동감/몰입실재감)의 수준과 즐거움, 재이용 의도를 측정하여 그 차이를 비교하였다. 유형이 다른 두 VR게임에서 차이를 보인 변인은 시스템 품질과 즐거움이다. 독립표본 t-test를 실시한 결과 동적인 1인칭 슈팅게임의 시스템 품질 평가(M=4.15, SD=0.51)가 정적인 플랫폼게임의 시스템 품질 평가(M=3.69, SD=0.84)보다 더 높게 나타났으며 이는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있다(t=2.408, p<.05). 즐거움의 평가에 있어서는 동적인 1인칭 슈팅게임(M=5.32, SD=1.22)이 정적인 플랫폼 게임(M=4.43, SD=1.67)보다 더 높게 나타났으며 이는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(t=2.344, p=.023). VR게임에 있어 현존감에 영향을 주는 원인변인들을 알기 위한 다중회귀분석을 실시한 결과, 동적인 1인칭 슈팅게임에서는 시스템 품질(t=-2.360, p=.026), 근접감(t=2.359, p=.026), 입체감(t=2.473, p=.020)이 현존감에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 정적인 플랫폼게임의 경우, 인터페이스 품질(t=2.520, p=.021)과 입체감(t=2.241, p=.037)이 현존감에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 현존감이 즐거움(t=3.213, p<.01)과 재이용 의도(t=2.440, p<.05)에 미치는 영향이 통계적으로 유의미하게 나타났다. 이에 현존감의 경험 수준이 높을수록 즐거움과 재이용 의도가 증가한다는 것을 알 수 있다. 이것은 현존감의 효과로 즐거움을 경험한다는 기존의 연구(예, 정동훈, 2016)들을 뒷받침하며 향후 연구에 휴리스틱한 암시점을 준다. This study examines users` experience in VR games with high quality 3D imagery and strong interactivity with which users can interact immediately and continuously in the virtual environment. The experiences of subjects are compared between two types of VR games: a dynamic first-person shooter game on a room scale, and a static platform game in which a character is manipulated by a motion controller. The evaluated variables include users` perceptions of the system and interface quality, characteristics of 3D animation (proximity, clarity, tangibility), sense of presence (spatial involvement, temporal involvement, dynamic immersion, realistic immersion), enjoyment, and intention to use again. The independent samples t-tests confirm that system quality and users` enjoyment differ between the two types of VR games. The perceived system quality of the dynamic first-person shooter game (M = 4.15, SD = 0.51) was higher than that of the static platform game (M = 3.69, SD = 0.84) with a statistically significant difference (t = 2.408, p < .05). Users` enjoyment of the dynamic first-person shooter game (M = 5.32, SD = 1.22) was higher than that of the static platform game (M = 4.43, SD = 1.67). Multiple regression analysis of causal determinants of users` sense of presence in the dynamic first-person shooter game showed that system quality (t = -2.360, p = .026), proximity (t = 2.359, p = .026) and tangibility (t = 2.473, p = .020) had significant effects. In the static platform game, interface quality (t = 2.520, p = .021) and tangibility (t = 2.241, p = .037) had significant effects on users` sense of presence. The sense of presence had a significant positive effect on users` enjoyment (t = 3.213, p < .01) and their intention to use the game again (t = 2.440, p < .05). This supports prior evidence (e.g., Chung, 2016) that users` sense of presence affects their enjoyment.

Facile synthesis of porous-carbon/LiFePO4 nanocomposites

Wi, Sungun,Nam, Seunghoon,Oh, Yuhong,Kim, Jongmin,Choi, Hongsik,Hong, Saeromi,Byun, Sujin,Kang, Suji,Choi, Dong Joo,Ahn, Key-one,Kim, Young-Ho,Park, Byungwoo Springer-Verlag 2012 JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH Vol.14 No.12

In vivo evidence on the functional variation within fatty acid synthase gene associated with lipid metabolism in bovine longissimus dorsi muscle tissue

Oh, Dong-yep,Nam, Insik,Hwang, Sehwan,Kong, Hongsik,Lee, Honggu,Ha, Jaejung,Baik, Myunggi,Oh, Man Hwan,Kim, Songmi,Han, Kyudong,Lee, Yoonseok 한국유전학회 2018 Genes & Genomics Vol.40 No.3

<P>In Korean cattle, intramuscular fat (IMF), or marbling, of the longissimus dorsi muscle (LM) cross section is one of the most important indicators of beef quality and are influenced by environmental and genetic factors. This study was to evaluate the effect of SNPs on the beef quality in Korean cattle for functional studies, such as site-directed mutagenesis based on bovine adipocytes. The fatty acid synthase (FASN) gene plays an important role in lipogenesis. FASN is an essential metabolic and multifunctional enzyme in fatty acid synthesis. Several studies have reported that SNPs g.841G, g.16024A, g.16039T, and g.17924G have a significant impact on marbling scores in Korean cattle and Japanese Black cattle population. These SNPs are located in transcription factor binding sites, the beta-ketoacyl reductase, and thioesterase domains. Our results revealed that the g.17924 A > G SNP is located in the thioesterase domain of the FASN protein, and changes from polar, neutral, and hydrophilic to nonpolar, aliphatic, and hydrophobic, respectively. In in vivo LM tissue of Korean cattle, the g.17924A > G SNP has an effect on increasing fat deposition. Therefore, g.17924A > G SNP could be a causal mutation for increasing fat deposition in Korean cattle LM tissue.</P>

Semiconductor Nanoparticles with Surface Passivation and Surface Plasmon

Dae-Ryong Jung,Jongmin Kim,남창우,Hongsik Choi,Seunghoon Nam,Byungwoo Park 대한금속·재료학회 2011 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.7 No.3

Semiconductor nanoparticles have recently attracted a significant amount of attention from the materials science community. Nanoparticles with diameters in the range of 1 nm to 20 nm exhibit unique physical properties that give rise to many potential applications. Two fundamental factors are crucial as regards the novel properties of semiconductor nanoparticles. The first is the large surface-to-volume ratio. In this regard, the surface states are likely to trap electrons and/or holes, and induce a nonradiative recombination of these charge carriers,leading to a reduction in the luminescent and photovoltaic efficiency. The second approach takes advantage of the surface-plasmon resonance from metal nanostructures to semiconductors. The interactions between the semiconductor nanoparticles and the surface plasmons generate enhanced emission by electromagnetic-field amplification, and also causes the suppression of the emission by the energy transfer between the semiconductor and the metal nanoparticles. Therefore, surface passivation and surface plasmon in semiconductor nanoparticles with controlled nanostructures are important when attempting to improve both the luminescent and photovoltaic efficiency.

오존공정 소독능 프로그램을 활용한 공정진단 및 평가

황태문 ( Tae-mun Hwang ),남숙현 ( Sook-hyun Nam ),김은주 ( Eun-ju Kim ),구재욱 ( Jae-wuk Koo ),한홍식 ( Hongsik Han ) 한국수처리학회(구 한국수처리기술연구회) 2018 한국수처리학회지 Vol.26 No.5

The water treatment simulator can be used for the design, diagnosis and optimization of water treatment process. It is a mathematical and statistical model based representation of physical and chemical process. Until now, commercial drinking water treatment simulator program has a disadvantage that numerical analysis algorithms are not included for ozone, ultraviolet AOP, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membrane technology, which are recently introduced as advanced treatment technology in Korea. In this study, a new ozone CT simulation program was developed and evaluated for process design and diagnosis. The developed program can calculate ozone CT by various calculation methods such as CT10, CSTR, extended CSTR, Ceffluent T10 and extended integrated CT10. It is advantageous to evaluate the ozone CT value with the data measured in the field because the decomposition characteristics of ozone are very rapid according to the raw water properties. Therefore, it is possible to control the real-time disinfection potential monitoring and operation optimization by linking the developed program with the ozone decomposition rate measured in the field.

Wetland Function Evaluation and Expert Assessment of Organic Rice-Fish Mixed Farming System

남홍식,박광래,안난희,이상민,조정래,김봉래,임종악,이창원,최선우,김창현,공민재,손진관,Nam, Hongsik,Park, Kwanglai,An, Nanhee,Lee, Sangmin,Cho, Junglai,Kim, Bongrae,Lim, Jongahk,Lee, Changwon,Choi, Seonu,Kim, Changhyun,Kong, Minjae,Son, Ji Korean Wetlands Society 2018 한국습지학회지 Vol.20 No.2

우리나라 농업 농촌은 경영 개선을 위해 유기농 쌀 생산과 더불어 담수어를 생산하는 복합영농이 시작되었다. 본 연구는 복합영농이 환경, 생태적 기능에 얼마나 가치가 있는지 알아보았다. 연구방법은 전문가 평가와 습지평가체계(RAM)를 분석하였다. 전문가 조사 결과 양서파충류 서식처(2.39), 수서곤충 서식처(2.36), 어류 서식처(2.34), 식생다양성(2.13), 조류 서식처(2.05) 등 생물다양성 분야와 체험/생태교육(2.29) 기능이 1순위로 구분되었다. Modified RAM를 통해 관행논과 복합논의 습지기능평가를 실시한 결과 복합논이 대부분의 평가기능 항목에서 기능이 향상 되는 것으로 평가되었다. 보전가치 판단기준은 관행논 향상에서 복합논 보전으로 가치가 향상 되었다. 연구결과 복합영농은 관행논에 비해 습지 기능이 탁월하게 개선되는 것을 평가를 통해 알 수 있었다. 논은 국가 생물다양성 유지에 지대한 역할을 수행하며, 기후조절, 탄소저감 등 다양한 생태계서비스를 제공하는 공간으로 평가받는다. 복합영농 실현은 논의 다양한 생태계서비스 기능을 증진시켜 줄 뿐 아니라 물고기 생산이라는 부가가치를 통한 농가의 소득증대와 그로 인한 체험, 전통계승 등의 사회적 기능 증진에도 유용 할 수 있다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 습지기능평가가 높게 개선된 항목과 전문가들로부터 높은 개선이 예상된 항목을 실재 운영 시 정량 평가 및 조사하여 생산되는 물고기과 쌀의 친환경 이미지를 제고시키고 브랜드, 음식, 체험, 논농업 직불제 등 다양한 분야로 활용하도록 연구를 추가적으로 추진해야 할 것으로 판단된다. A mixed farming system that includes organic rice production and freshwater fish farming is being called into attention in Korean agricultural industry and rural areas in order to improve farm management and environmental conservation. This study was conducted to evaluate the environmental and ecological value of such mixed farming practices. Expert assessment and rapid assessment method (RAM) of wetland evaluation were employed for this study. Experts have responded that biodiversity conservation including amphibian and reptile habitat (2.39), aquatic insect habitat (2.36), Fishery habitat (2.34), vegetation diversity (2.13), avian habitat (2.05), and experience and education were the most important function of mixed farming. The wetland function evaluation conducted using modified RAM indicated that rice-fish mixed system showed improvements in most of the evaluated functions, compared to the conventional rice paddies. The overall wetland function of rice paddies in rice-fish mixed system was greatly improved as compared with the conventional rice paddies. Rice paddies are known to play an important role in biodiversity maintenance, and provide ecosystem services such as climate modulation and carbon reduction. Rice-fish mixed system of farming may not only improve various ecosystem services of rice paddies, but may increase farm income through value added fish farming, as well as promotion of social services such as education and maintenance of tradition. Additional research is needed for quantitative analysis of the values gained from the most improved wetland function when mixed farming system is actually put into practice, and to utilize the results in advertising of the organic rice, and in various sectors such as food, education and direct payment policy.

발아에 따른 팥의 유리형 및 결합형 기능성분 변화

김민영(Min Young Kim),장귀영(Gwi Yeong Jang),오남석(Nam Seok Oh),백소윤(So Yune Baek),김길호(Kil Ho Kim),김경미(Kyung Mi Kim),김홍식(Hongsik Kim),이준수(Junsoo Lee),정헌상(Heon Sang Jeong) 한국식품영양과학회 2017 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.46 No.8

본 연구에서는 발아에 의한 팥의 기능성분 변화를 살펴보기 위하여 6일 동안 발아시키면서 유리형 및 결합형 폴리페놀, 플라보노이드, 페놀산 및 안토시아닌의 변화를 분석하였다. 유리형 폴리페놀 및 플라보노이드 함량은 발아기간이 증가함에 따라 각각 약 2.6배 및 5배 정도 증가하였으며, 결합형 폴리페놀 및 플라보노이드 함량은 발아 초기 감소하였다가 발아 3일 및 2일 이후 각각 증가하였다. 발아기간에 따른 구성 페놀산의 변화의 경우 ferulic acid, veratric acid, hesperidin, salicylic acid, naringenin 및 hesperidin과 총 페놀산은 유리형 및 결합형 페놀산 함량이 모두 증가하였지만, 안토시아닌 및 안토시아니딘은 침지 및 발아과정에서 손실되어 감소하였다. 본 연구 결과 팥을 발아시킬 경우 폴리페놀, 플라보노이드 및 페놀산 함량이 증가함에 따라 팥에 함유된 기능성분의 이용성을 증대시키기 위해서는 발아공정의 적용이 효과적이라고 판단된다. This study was performed to investigate the changes between free and bound forms of bioactive compounds in germinated adzuki bean. Adzuki bean was germinated at 25°C for 6 days, and then free and bound forms of bioactive compounds were extracted. Total free polyphenol and flavonoid contents in of raw adzuki bean increased from 0.91 mg/g and 0.60 mg/g in before germination to 2.37 mg/g and 3.03 mg/g in at 6 days after germination, respectively. Bound polyphenol, flavonoid, and phenolic acid contents also increased with increasing germination periods, whereas bound polyphenol and flavonoid contents slightly reduced in at 2 days after germination. The total phenolic acid contents, including ferulic acid, veratric acid, hesperidin, salicylic acid, naringenin, and hesperidin, increased during germination, and germination process can convert compounds to phenolic acid via anabolism and catabolism. Total anthocyanin and anthocyanidin contents of adzuki bean decreased during germination due to hydration by water during soaking or enzyme activation of anthocyanase during germination. These results suggest that the germination process increased utilization of functional compounds such as phenolic compound and isoflavones in black soybean.