Three-dimensional surgical accuracy between virtually planned and actual surgical movements of the maxilla in two-jaw orthognathic surgery

Mihee Hong,Myung-Jin Kim,Hye Jung Shin,Heon Jae Cho,Seung-Hak Baek 대한치과교정학회 2020 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.50 No.5

Objective: To investigate the three-dimensional (3D) surgical accuracy between virtually planned and actual surgical movements (SM) of the maxilla in twojaw orthognathic surgery. Methods: The sample consisted of 15 skeletal Class III patients who underwent two-jaw orthognathic surgery performed by a single surgeon using a virtual surgical simulation (VSS) software. The 3D cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were obtained before (T0) and after surgery (T1). After merging the dental cast image onto the T0 CBCT image, VSS was performed. SM were classified into midline correction (anterior and posterior), advancement, setback, anterior elongation, and impaction (total and posterior). The landmarks were the midpoint between the central incisors, the mesiobuccal cusp tip (MBCT) of both first molars, and the midpoint of the two MBCTs. The amount and direction of SM by VSS and actual surgery were measured using 3D coordinates of the landmarks. Discrepancies less than 1 mm between VSS and T1 landmarks indicated a precise outcome. The surgical achievement percentage (SAP, [amount of movement in actual surgery/amount of movement in VSS] × 100) (%) and precision percentage (PP, [number of patients with precise outcome/number of total patients] × 100) (%) were compared among SM types using Fisher’s exact and Kruskal–Wallis tests. Results: Overall mean discrepancy between VSS and actual surgery, SAP, and PP were 0.13 mm, 89.9%, and 68.3%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the SAP and PP values among the seven SM types (all p > 0.05). Conclusions: VSS could be considered as an effective tool for increasing surgical accuracy.

Prevalence and risk factors of periodontitis among adults with or without diabetes mellitus

( Mihee Hong ),( Hee Yeon Kim ),( Hannah Seok ),( Chang Dong Yeo ),( Young Soo Kim ),( Jae Yen Song ),( Young Bok Lee ),( Dong-hee Lee ),( Jae-im Lee ),( Tae-kyu Lee ),( Hyo-suk Ahn ),( Yoon Ho Ko ),( 대한내과학회 2016 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.31 No.5

Background/Aims: This study examined prevalence and risk factors of peri­odontitis in representative samples of Korean adults, with and without diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: Data from the 2012 Korean National Health and Nutritional Exam­ination Survey were analyzed. A total of 4,477 adults (≥ 30 years old) were selected from 8,057 individuals who completed a nutrition survey, a self-reported general health behavior questionnaire, an oral examination, an oral hygiene behaviors survey, and laboratory tests. DM was defined as a fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL, or self-reported diagnosed diabetes, or current use of oral hypoglyce­mic agents and/or insulin. The community periodontal index was used to as­sess periodontitis status and comparisons between the periodontitis and the non-periodontitis group, were performed, according to the presence of DM. Risk factors for periodontitis in adults with DM and without DM were evaluated by multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: The prevalence of periodontitis was significantly higher in adults with DM (43.7%) than in those without DM (25%, p < 0.001). In adults without DM, risk factors for periodontitis were older age, male, urban habitation, waist cir­cumference, smoking, oral pain, and less frequent tooth brushing. Significant risk factors for periodontitis in adults with DM were the smoking, oral pain, and not-using an oral hygiene product. Conclusions: Adults with DM have an increased risk of periodontitis than those without DM. Current smoking and oral pain increase this risk. Using an oral hy­giene product can reduce risk of periodontal disease in adults with DM.

The Improvement and Completion of Outcome index

Mihee Hong,Yoon-Ah Kook,Myeng-Ki Kim,Jae-Il Lee,Hong-Gee Kim,Seung-Hak Baek 대한치과교정학회 2016 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.46 No.4

Objective: Given the considerable disagreement between the Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) index and the American Board of Orthodontics Cast-Radiograph Evaluation, we aimed to develop a novel assessment system―the Improvement and Completion of Outcome (ICO) index―to evaluate the outcome of orthodontic treatment. Methods: Sixteen criteria from 4 major categories were established to represent the pretreatment malocclusion status, as well as the degree of improvement and level of completion of outcome during/after treatment: dental relationship (arch length discrepancy, irregularity, U1-SN, and IMPA); anteroposterior relationship (overjet, right and left molar position, ANB); vertical relationship (anterior overbite, anterior open-bite, lateral openbite, SN-MP); and transverse relationship (dental midline discrepancy, chin point deviation, posterior cross-bite, occlusal plane cant). The score for each criterion was defined from 0 or −1 (worst) to 5 (ideal value or normal occlusion) in gradations of 1. The sum of the scores in each category indicates the area and extent of the problems. Improvement and completion percentages were estimated based on the pre- and post-treatment total scores and the maximum total score. If the completion percentage exceeded 80%, treatment outcome was considered successful. Results: Two cases, Class I malocclusion and skeletal Class III malocclusion, are presented to represent the assessment procedure using the ICO index. The difference in the level of improvement and completion of treatment outcome can be clearly explained by using 2 percentage values. Conclusions: Thus, the ICO index enables the evaluation of the quality of orthodontic treatment objectively and consecutively throughout the entire treatment process.

Estimation of the prevalence of malocclusion on the basis of nationwide oral health examinations of pre-adolescent and adolescent students during 2012–2017

Mihee Hong,Hee Moon Kyung,박효상,Won-Jae Yu,Seung-Hak Baek 대한치과교정학회 2020 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.50 No.3

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of malocclusion with respect to grade, sex, and year among Korean pre-adolescent and adolescent students during 2012–2017. Methods: A total of 165,996 students (first grade [E1, 6–7 years of age], fourth grade [E4, 9–10 years], seventh grade [M1, 12–13 years], and tenth grade [H1, 15–16 years]) were selected by stratified sampling method and underwent the nationwide oral health examination performed by the Ministry of Education, Republic of Korea. The malocclusion assessments based on dentists’ judgments were “no malocclusion,” “needs orthodontic treatment (N-OTx),” and “under orthodontic treatment (U-OTx).” The sum of N-OTx and U-OTx cases was determined as the number of students with malocclusion. After analyzing the prevalence of malocclusion according to grade, sex, and year-by-year differences, Pearson correlation analyses and two-way analyses of variance were performed. Results: The prevalence of malocclusion was 18.7%, which increased with the grades (E1 [8.3%] < E4 [15.8%] < M1 [22.9%] < H1 [25.3%], p < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the prevalence of malocclusion in each grade group for the period (p > 0.05) without significant correlation (E1, ρ = 0.129; E4, ρ = –0.495; M1, ρ = 0.406; H1, ρ = –0.383; all p > 0.05). The prevalence of malocclusion within each grade group over the six-year period was more prominent in the female (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Further studies are necessary to modify the malocclusion assessment method to account for specific types of malocclusion in pre-adolescent and adolescent students.

Comparison of Treatment Outcome Assessment for Class I Malocclusion Patients

Mihee Hong,Yoon-Ah Kook,Seung-Hak Baek,Myeng-Ki Kim 대한치의학회 2014 Journal of korean dental science Vol.7 No.1

Comparison of Treatment Outcome Assessment for Class I Malocclusion Patients: Peer Assessment Rating versus American Board of Orthodontics-Objective Grading System

Hong, Mihee,Kook, Yoon-Ah,Baek, Seung-Hak,Kim, Myeng-Ki Korean Academy of Dental Science 2014 Journal of korean dental science Vol.7 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this retrospective study is to investigate the degree of coincidence between the peer assessment rating (PAR) index and American Board of Orthodontics objective grading system (ABO-OGS) in the assessment of orthodontic treatment outcomes of Class I malocclusion cases. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 26 Class I patients. The PAR index was used for evaluation of pre-(T0) and posttreatment (T1) casts, and the ABO-OGS for assessment of T1 casts. If there was a reduction in PAR scores from T0 to T1 of more than 30%, the label 'PAR+' was given to the case, and if not, it was labeled 'PAR-'. If the ABO-OGS was less than 27, the label 'OGS+' was given to the case and if not, it was labeled 'OGS-'. 'A PAR-only qualified group' (PAR+), 'ABO-OGS-only qualified group' (OGS+), 'both indices qualified group' (PAR+/OGS+), and 'both indices disqualified group' (PAR-/OGS-) were compared with a Wilcoxon rank-sum test, sensitivity/specifi city test and Spearman's correlation test. Result: PAR scores for T0, T1, and percentage reduction were 21.1, 6.4, and 65.9%, respectively, and 35.4 for ABOOGS. The distribution of the 'PAR+/OGS+', 'PAR+', and 'PAR-/OGS-' group was 19.3%, 76.9%, and 3.8%, respectively. The T0-PAR, T1-PAR and PAR point reductions for the 'PAR+' group were significantly higher than those of 'PAR+/OGS+' groups (23.1 vs. 15.6; 6.7 vs. 4.6; and 16.5 vs. 11.0; all P<0.05). However, the PAR-percentage reduction and treatment duration between the two groups were not statistically different (70.0% vs. 67.0%, P=0.4325; 24.1 months vs. 25.0 months, P=0.4057). The T1-ABO-OGS score for 'PAR+' group was significantly higher than that of the 'PAR+/OGS+' groups (38.2 vs. 24.0, P<0.001). Conclusion: Since the fraction of the 'PAR+/OGS+' group was less than 20% and there was no significant correlation between PAR-percentage reduction and T1-ABO-OGS, development of a new index system for the accurate evaluation of treatment outcome is needed.

Accuracy of artificial intelligence-assisted landmark identification in serial lateral cephalograms of Class III patients who underwent orthodontic treatment and two-jaw orthognathic surgery

Mihee Hong,Inhwan Kim,Jin-Hyoung Cho,Kyung-Hwa Kang,Minji Kim,Su-Jung Kim,Yoon-Ji Kim,Sang-Jin Sung,Young Ho Kim,Sung-Hoon Lim,Namkug Kim,Seung-Hak Baek 대한치과교정학회 2022 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.52 No.4

Objective: To investigate the pattern of accuracy change in artificial intelligence-assisted landmark identification (LI) using a convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm in serial lateral cephalograms (Lat-cephs) of Class III (C-III) patients who underwent twojaw orthognathic surgery. Methods: A total of 3,188 Lat-cephs of C-III patients were allocated into the training and validation sets (3,004 Lat-cephs of 751 patients) and test set (184 Lat-cephs of 46 patients; subdivided into the genioplasty and non-genioplasty groups, n = 23 per group) for LI. Each C-III patient in the test set had four Lat-cephs: initial (T0), pre-surgery (T1, presence of orthodontic brackets [OBs]), post-surgery (T2, presence of OBs and surgical plates and screws [S-PS]), and debonding (T3, presence of S-PS and fixed retainers [FR]). After mean errors of 20 landmarks between human gold standard and the CNN model were calculated, statistical analysis was performed. Results: The total mean error was 1.17 mm without significant difference among the four timepoints (T0, 1.20 mm; T1, 1.14 mm; T2, 1.18 mm; T3, 1.15 mm). In comparison of two time-points ([T0, T1] vs. [T2, T3]), ANS, A point, and B point showed an increase in error (p < 0.01, 0.05, 0.01, respectively), while Mx6D and Md6D showeda decrease in error (all p < 0.01). No difference in errors existed at B point, Pogonion, Menton, Md1C, and Md1R between the genioplasty and non-genioplasty groups. Conclusions: The CNN model can be used for LI in serial Lat-cephs despite the presence of OB, S-PS, FR, genioplasty, and bone remodeling.

'진보적' 여성운동의 조직적 특성

홍미희(Hong Mihee) 한국여성연구소 2006 페미니즘 연구 Vol.- No.6

기존의 여성운동 연구는 운동의 이슈나 담론 혹은 여성운동에 영향을 주는 정치적 기회 구조 중심으로 이루어져 왔고, 여성운동의 지속적 발전에 핵심 역할을 하는 운동조직에 대한 연구는 별로 없는 실정이다. 그러나 여성운동 전체의 동학을 이해하기 위해서는 운동조직의 연구가 필수적이다. 이슈나 담론 등은 여성운동이 ‘무엇을’ 하는지에 대한 답을 주는 반면에, 운동조직에 대한 연구를 통해서는 여성운동이 ‘어떻게’ 지속되고 있는지를 알 수 있기 때문이다. 이 논문에서는 1980년대 이후 한국 여성운동의 중추적 역할을 담당해 온 ‘진보적’ 여성운동의 조직적 특성을 연구하고, ‘진보적’ 여성 운동이 왜 특정 조직 형태를 선호하고 이것이 운동의 지속성에는 어떤 영향을 주는지를 분석한다. 또 조직 내 의사소통 및 의사결정 과정을 살펴봄으로써, 여성운동의 조직 내 민주주의 문제를 탐구한다. ‘진보적’ 여성운동은 공식적-위계적 조직 형식을 발전시켰다. 이런 조직 형식에 영향을 준 요인들은 우전 기존의 사회운동 연구에서 이미 밝혀진 대로 운동의 전략과 자원동원 방식이다. 이 외에도 사회적 맥락 및 운동주체의 사회적 위치도 중요한 역할을 하고 있다는 것을 발견할 수 있었다. 활동가들은 조직의 민주화를 사회민주화와 연관해서 이해하고 평가하는 것으로 나타났다. 사회민주화의 걸림돌이 되는 조직 문화가 여성운동조직 안에서 극복되었다고 판단될 때, 여성운동조직을 긍정적이고 민주적으로 평가한다. 지배적인 조직 문화가 여성운동조직에도 침투해서 재생산되고 있는 지점을 조직 내 민주주의가 위협받고 있는 것으로 인식하고 있었다. The so-called 'progressive' women's movement in South Korea, which has been a central actor of the Korean feminist activism since the 1980s, has developed the formal-bureaucratic organizational structure. It is characterized by formal procedures on important organizational issues, highly specified division of work, professionalization, and hierarchy. This paper investigates factors which influence this organizational form and questions the meaning of the organizational structure for the further development of the women's movement. It also examines the structure of communication and decision-making in the organization in terms of the organizational democracy. The factors which influence the organizational form are the strategy of the women's movements, the ways of resource mobilization, social context, and the position of the movement actors in the society. The 'progressive' women's movement has been pursuing the strategy of political intervention aiming at introducing political measures such as law reforms. The formal structure of the movement organization is regarded as an effective vehicle for the attainment of this goal. The change in the ways of resource mobilization fostered the formalization of the women's movement organizations. Since the middle of the 1990s the most important financial sources of the activities of women's organizations is public money, The women's movement adjusted the organizational form to this development tendency, The Korean women's movement regards the formal organization as a space in which democratic political culture can be created, by which most of activists mean transparent decision-making processes, The social position of activists influences also the organizational form of the women's movement. Most of activists are middle-classed housewives, prefer the formal-bureaucratic organization because it lends a public character to their activities, Activists are empowered through the formal organization to gain respect and recognition in the family and the society. The activists evaluate the organizational democracy according to the criterion to what degree negative elements of the dominant political culture, especially non-transparent decision-making and age hierarchy, are invalidated in the women's movement organizations, In terms of transparency positive assessments prevail, But most of activists regard age-hierarchy as barrier for the further development of the women's movement.

구순구개열 발생률 추이 및 전체 선천성 악안면 기형 대상의 치과교정 및 악정형치료 현황: 보건의료빅데이터 활용

홍미희(Mihee Hong) 대한구순구개열학회 2023 대한구순구개열학회지 Vol.26 No.1

As part of strengthening the National Health Insurance, health insurance benefits for malocclusion and the implementation of orthodontic/orthopedic treatment for cleft lip and/or palate patients have been expanded to include all congenital craniofacial deformities. This study summarized recent trends through a literature review of the incidence of orofacial cleft. With the release of medical insurance claim data, we analyzed the status of claims according to orthodontic/orthopedic treatment. Although it will take some time for a new policy to be established, we analyzed and reported the current claim data. Finally, we introduced the names of diseases that could benefit from congenital malformations and orthodontic treatment, and identified precautions in the changed policy.

구순구개열과 선천성 악안면 기형 질환에 대한 치과교정 및 악정형치료에 대한 건강보험급여 요양급여

홍미희(Mihee Hong) 대한구순구개열학회 2021 대한구순구개열학회지 Vol.24 No.2

A new era of the Korea national health insurance has opened, which guarantees correction and orthopedic treatment for the patients suffering from cleft lip and palate (CLP), and congenital craniofacial deformity (CD). Lifetime orthodontic benefit for the cleft lip and palate patients were first launched in March 2019, and additional applications were made for the congenital craniofacial deformities including Cleidocranial dysplasia, craniofacial dysostosis, Crouzon disease, Apert syndrome in October 2021. This insurance system supports from pre-surgical infant orthopedics appliance (PIOA) or pre-surgical nasoalveolar molding (PNAM) for the newborn, through orthopedic treatment for the growing patients, to pre- and post-operative orthodontic care for surgical approaches of adult and retention protocols. The purpose of this review article is to understand comprehensive insurance system for CLP and CD, and inform background histories, legislation, and related researches that seeks to further improve insurance coverage for patients and clinicians.