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      • Comparative study on simultaneous leaching of nutrients during bioleaching of heavy metals from sewage sludge using indigenous iron and sulphur oxidising microorganisms

        Pathak, A.,Singh, P.,Dhama, P.,Dastidar, M.G.,Kim, D.J.,Heyes, G. Maney Publishing 2014 Canadian metallurgical quarterly Vol.53 No.1

        The present study investigated the changes in nutrient profile of sewage sludge during bioleaching in a batch mode of operation. The study identified the optimum bioleaching period at which maximum solubilisation of metals is achieved while maintaining the fertilising property of the bioleached sludge. The bioleaching experiments were performed using anaerobically digested sewage sludge by employing indigenous iron and sulphur oxidising microorganisms. The results showed that bioleaching using sulphur oxidising microorganisms is comparatively advantageous due to the higher solubilisation of heavy metals. However, despite its high potential in solubilisation of heavy metals from the sludge, the bioleaching process resulted in the undesirable dissolution/loss of sludge bound nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus), thus making the sludge less attractive for land application as a fertiliser. After 16 days of bioleaching about 45% of the nitrogen and 34% of the phosphorus were leached from the sludge using indigenous iron oxidising microorganisms, whereas about 78% of the nitrogen and 56% of the phosphorus were leached using indigenous sulphur oxidising microorganisms. The findings indicated that the fertilising property of the sewage sludge can be maintained by conducting the process for a shorter duration of time (up to 10 days). The optimum bioleaching period was 10 days where about 85%Cu, 71%Ni, 91%Zn and 61%Cr were solubilised from the sludge while the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus was only 56 and 51% respectively, by using sulphur oxidising microorganisms. The heavy metals remaining in the bioleached sludge were mostly in the residual fraction ensuring the safe disposal of bioleached sludge for land application as a fertiliser.

      • 노인 되기와 성찰의 시간들 : 박완서, 최일남, 김원일 소설을 중심으로

        오혜진 남서울대학교 2010 남서울대학교 논문집 Vol.16 No.2

        Now, our society become 'an aged society' and then the problem of old men's life are quiet serious. At the literature, there are a few works that represents dementia nd family conflicts but there are few works the old men say their viewpoint. Around 2000th. Park-wan-seou, Choi-il-nam and Kim-won-il, they are so-called 'old men', write old men's novels. Three novelists say the age of old at the other point. Park-wan-seou try to tell just a human, better than the old men, and solve the problem family conflict. She grow old herself, recognizes her ages. Choi-il-nam express at the problems of old men's daily life and the death, always lightly. It is very interesting and fresh old men's novel style. Kim-won-il's novels are different two the works. He shows the last time four old men life. Four persons had stormy career each other. Sometimes they tried to live only theirselves, sometimes help other people, make a mistakes. Kim-won-il asks the readers what is a true life or false life. Three writers acquire a special meaning that we should be an old man and die. Key words : Park-wan-seou, Choi-il-nam, Kim-won-il, old men's novel, the death, what is a true life or false life.

      • 축우사료의 에너지가 측정을 위한 in vitro방법의 검정

        김효근 건국대학교 1991 대학원 학술논문집 Vol.34 No.-

        This experiments were conducted to test the equations of Gas Test to predict in vivo metabolisable and net enengy values for ruminant feedstuffs. The feedstuffs for experiment were 20 compounds and 19 forages. The results obtained are as follows ; 1.The prediction error(PE%) of equations to evaluate ME valus of compound was 0.92∼1.35%, and PE% of equations for NEI was 1.10∼1.71% 2.For forages, PE% of ME equations was 0.98∼1.39% and that of NEI equations was 1.25∼1.72%

      • 발달지연 아동 및 뇌성마비 아동의 평가실태와 물리치료사들의 평가에 대한 인식도 조사

        박혜정,이충휘,조상현,권혁철 한국전문물리치료학회 2000 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.7 No.1

        The purpose of this study were to research the current stat of evaluation of children with delayed development and cerebral palsy and determine pediatric physical therapists's knowledge of assessment tools and their use. The subjects were 130 pediatric physical therapists (general hospitals, university-related hospitals, rehabilitation centers, etc.). Data was obtained form August 24, 1999 to October 18, 1999 by means of a survey questionnaire. The results were as follows: 1. the current state of pediatric physical therapist evaluation of children with delayed development and cerebral palsy. 1) Tools used to assess functional areas of children with cerebral palsy were: subjective description format-128 (47.1%); the GMFM-58 (21.3%); facility-generated tool-51 (18.8%); and DDST-15 (5.5%) 2) Tools used to assess developmentally delayed children were: subjective description format-121 (50.6%); the GMFM-43 (18.0%); facility-generated tool-41 (17.2%); and DDST-14 (5.9%). 3) After their college or university study, therapists who had attended lectures on evaluation were 113 (86.9%); 13 (10.0%) therapists had not attended any lectures on evaluation. 2. Test scores of physical therapists' professional knowledge of evaluation procedures: high (more than 36 points)-74 (56.9%); moderate (18~35 points)-39 (30.0%); and low (below 17 points)-none. 1) For therapists treating cerebral palsied children, 73 (65.2%) were in the high range, 39 (34.8%) were in the moderate rage and none were in the low range. 2) For therapists treating children with delayed development, 71 (65.7%) were in the high range, 37 (34.3%) were in the moderate range and none were in low range. Although the general degree of professional knowledge of evaluation was quite high, there was a lack of variety in the assessment tools used with a large number of therapists depending on subjective description. Possible reasons for the low rate of objective assessment tool use: 1) Poor clinical environment: Too many clients and limited treatment time. 2) Lack of any medical insurance fee category for specific assessment tools. 3) Lack of continuing education opportunities in pediatric evaluation skills during or after either college-based(3 year) or university-based(4 year) education programs. Based on the study results, provision of more extended educational opportunities would promote the use of a greater variety of objective assessment tools by pediatric physical therapists.

      • KCI등재

        이주를 경험한 남녀의 서사를 통해 본 친밀한 관계성의 변화

        이혜진 이화여자대학교 한국여성연구소 : 이화여자대학교 한국여성연구원 2013 여성학논집 Vol.30 No.2

        This study investigates how migration experiences have affected to gender consciousness and intimate relationship between South Koreans in Japan Migrant workers have experienced the change of intimate relationship with their cross-border move(migration). In particular, they have given the meaning of the place as not the foreign one but making relationship as their daily lives through a long-term life in the foreign country. The status of ‘illegal stay’ acts as an element which makes difficult coming and going to their hometowns and family so that they have experienced the change of intimacy in the spiral of the relationship unconsciously or consciously. It is the intimate relation area where is overlapped of sexuality, gender consciousness and a family norm that remarkably appear realistic society, ritual and conflict between their body and mind. Therefore, focusing on the relations between migration experience and intimacy, this research reveals that the relations between ‘illegal stay’ status and intimate relationship are formulated within the limited social network, lead to work opportunity and income stability in itself and function as mechanism of maintaining their life as migrants. 본 연구는 이주 경험자의 젠더의식 및 친밀한 관계성에 이주 경험이 어떤 변화를 발생시켰는지를 고찰하고자 한다. 국경을 넘는 이동을 계기로 이주자들은 친밀한 관계성의 변용을 경험하게 되는데, 특히 장기간에 걸친 타향(他鄕)에서의 생활은 그곳이 이미 타향이 아니라, 자신의 일상의 현실로서 새로운 관계성을 형성하게 된다. 이주자들은 의식적이든, 무의식적이든 그 관계성에 휘말려, 어쩔 수 없이 자신의 친밀권(親密圈)의 변용을 경험하게 된다. 또한, 섹슈얼리티와 젠더의식, 가족규범이 중첩하는 친밀한 관계성의 영역을 분석하여 자신이 실제로 존재하고 있는 현실 사회와 그들의 삶을 관장하는 의식 및 몸의 경합이 이주자들의 삶에서 어떻게 드러나고 있는지 살펴본다. 따라서 본 연구는 이주경험과 친밀한 관계성의 관계에 주목하여, 이주자가 가진‘불법’적 지위와 친밀한 관계성의 성격은, 그들이 가질 수 있는 극히 제한된 사회적 연결망 속에서 형성되고, 친밀한 관계성 자체가 일자리 및 소득의 확보와 연결되며, 이주자로서의 전면적인 삶을 유지할 수 있는 기제로 작용하고 있음을 밝혔다.

      • KCI등재

        입지 유형에 따른 맥락적 형태 표현에 관한 연구 : 1980년대 이후 일본 지역 테마 전시관 입면을 중심으로 Focused on the Elevations of Theme Museums Established on Provincial Area in Japan since 1980's

        박혜경,김정재 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.19 No.12

        This study is to analyze the trends of the formal expression of contextual attitudes about the local theme museums in Japan. Architectural design by the contextual codes has been considered as an appropriate way to build up the regional identity in these days. After a theoretical study on 'Context', a statistical analysis was processed about the correlations between the types of the locations and the types of forms related with the elevation. At the last stage of the study, the specific methods for expression were studied. The contextual attitudes of continuity characterized into two concepts like continuity and resemblance. As the result of the research, the contextual forms appeared strong with such location types as beaches or plains comparing to mountains or downtown. On the other hand, the conditions of mountains or downtown tend to make the form complicated and divided for adjustment to the context of surroundings. The various expression methods like unifying with the land, applying the configuration of the ground to the shape of the building, using the clear or reflective materials and dividing the mass were researched as helping continuity and resemblance between building and landscape.

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