Towards an Analysis of Non-negative Questions with Negation in Korean

Heesun Yang(Heesun Yang),Suyoung Bae(Suyoung Bae) 한국생성문법학회 2023 생성문법연구 Vol.33 No.1

The main purpose of this paper is to give an account of two different interrogatives with long-form negation (LFN) in Korean, with special attention to the polarity of the sentence. The crucial data consists of non-negative interrogative constructions involving LFN following tense. We argue that there are two different loci for LFNs in Korean and each LFN serves a different role, depending on its structural position with respect to PolP (e.g. polarity or Verum Focus marker). We try to explain the non-negativity of LFN following tense at issue under a syntactic analysis, claiming it is the by-product of the unsuccessful culmination of the agreement between PolP and NegP (cf. Preminger 2014). Furthermore, we offer the novel perspective of the non-negative LFN interrogative as a type of tag question in Korean. This article therefore sheds new light on the distribution of negation in interrogatives and its role as an overtly realized Verum marker.

Realization of InP/ZnS quantum dots for green, amber and red down-converted LEDs and their color-tunable, four-package white LEDs

Yang, Su Ji,Oh, Ji Hye,Kim, Sohee,Yang, Heesun,Do, Young Rag The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Journal of Materials Chemistry C Vol.3 No.15

<▼1><P>Eco-friendly InP/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) have been synthesized by using a non-toxic and economic P(N(CH3)2)3 for the realization of monochromatic and white down-converted light-emitting diodes.</P></▼1><▼2><P>Eco-friendly InP/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) have been synthesized by the conventional hot injection method using a non-toxic and economic P(N(CH3)2)3 precursor. The carefully controlled synthesis of a series of InP/ZnS QDs was performed by varying the core-growth temperature and time, the [P]/[In] ratio, and the number of ZnS shell coatings. The full-width at half maximum (FWHM) of the photoluminescence (PL) emission peaks from orange-red InP/ZnS QDs can be reduced from 73 to 56 nm by increasing the [P]/[In] ratio from 1.5 to 3.0. This is because there is concurrent formation of InP nuclei during the step in which excess volatile P-precursor is injected. The triple-shell-coated InP/ZnS core–shell QDs of green (G), yellow (Y), and orange-red (OR) colors reached PL quantum yields as high as 0.50, 0.63, and 0.55; and FWHMs of PL peaks as narrow as 55, 76, and 71 nm, respectively. This is the first realization of a variety of efficient green, amber (A), and red (R) monochromatic, down-converted, light-emitting diodes (DC-LEDs) using InP/ZnS QDs. They are fabricated by simply capping a long-wave pass dichroic filter (LPDF) on top of the LED packing associated with each corresponding InP/ZnS QD. In this study, we also characterized the vision and color performance using luminous efficacy, color-rendering index (CRI), special CRI for a strong red (<I>R</I>9) and color quality scale of color-tunable, four-package white LEDs. These consisted of InP/ZnS QD-based G, A, and R monochromatic, LPDF-capped DC-LEDs and a blue InGaN LED. The good optical performance of the InP/ZnS QD-based monochromatic DC-LEDs and their four-package white LEDs could provide the possibility of applying environmentally clean InP/ZnS QDs in monochromatic LEDs in the wavelength ranges of the “green gap”; thereby creating high-quality-color, color-tunable, four-package white LEDs.</P></▼2>

Exploring the Korean adolescent empathy using the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI)

Yang Heesun,Kang Seong-Joo 서울대학교 교육연구소 2020 Asia Pacific Education Review Vol.21 No.2

The educational approach of empathy has been prominently mentioned as a possible solution to the dehumanization occurring as a byproduct of the rapid development of science and technology in modern society. This study aims to identify the characteristics of Korean adolescents on the empathy factor, as a core competency of twenty-frst century education, and the applicability of the empathy scale. This study analyzed 688 Korean adolescents’ cognitive and afective empathy using the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI). Korean adolescents showed an increase in all four factors of IRI as they got older. According to gender, females’ empathy was higher in all four factors. In terms of the validity of the scale, the diference in subscales by gender was obvious. But, the instability in subscales by age of the Perfective Taking (PT) and Personal Distress (PD) was shown. Especially, PD had an insignifcant correlation with other subscales. By revealing the limitations of the IRI, this study suggested ways to improve it. Therefore, this study will contribute to the educational foundation of Korean adolescents’ empathic ability

Examining the Empathy factors in Science Class (EfSC) Between Early and Late Adolescents

양희선(Heesun Yang),강성주(Seong-Joo Kang) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2024 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.24 No.8

목적 본 연구는 과학 수업에서의 과학적 공감을 측정하기 위한 검사도구인 ‘과학 수업에서의 공감 요인’ (EfSC; Chun et al., 2018)가 초기 및 후기 청소년에서의 타당성을 입증하였다. 방법 이를 위해 타인과의 과학적 공감 및 문제 상황에 대한 과학적 공감으로 구성되어 있는 이 검사 도구를 초기 청소년인 215명의 중학생과 후기 청소년인 473명의 고등학생을 대상으로 설문 조사를 진행하였다. 검사도구의 타당성을 입증하기 위해 확인적 요인 분석 및 다중 그룹 분석이 사용되었다. 또한 EfSC의 공감적 특성측면은 대인반응지수 (IRI; Davis, 1980)로 과학적 특성 특면은 과학 과정 기술 시험 (TSPS: Kwon & Kim, 1994)과의 상관 관계를 통해 탐색되었다. 결과 EfSC의 대부분의 요인이 IRI와 높은 상관 관계를 보여 타당성을 시사했다. 그러나 TSPS와의 상관 관계는 상대적으로 낮아 EfSC의 과학적 특성에 대한 한계를 나타냈습니다. 연령 및 성별에 기반한 집단 특성 분석에서는 타인과의 공감과 관련된 요인들이 연령 및 성별에 영향을 받았으며, 문제 상황에 대한 공감과 관련된 요인들은 연령과 성별의 상호 작용에 영향을 받았다. 추가로 여성 및 고등학생들이 다른 사람과의 공감 능력에서 우수한 성과를 보였으며, 특이점으로 고등학생 중 남성들은 문제 상황에 대한 공감 능력이 더 뛰어났으며 이를 분산 분석 (ANOVA) 결과가 뒷받침했다. 결론 본 연구는 EfSC가 청소년기 동안 과학적 공감을 평가하는 데 적합한 도구인지에 대한 논의에 기여할 수 있으며 연령 및 성에 따른 공감 요인의 미묘한 차이는 과학적 공감 평가에서 발달 및 성 관련 변동 사항을 고려해야 함을 강조하였다. Objectives This study aims to validate the Empathy factors in Science Class (EfSC; Chun et al., 2018) as a measure for scientific empathy in early and late adolescents. Methods The instrument consists of scientific empathy with others and empathy with the problem situation. To achieve this objective, a survey was conducted on 215 middle school students (early adolescents) and 473 high school students (late adolescents). Confirmatory factor analysis and multi-group analysis were employed to validate the instrument. Additionally, domain-general aspects of EfSC were explored by correlating empathetic factors with the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI; Davis, 1980) and scientific inquiry ability with the Test of Science Process Skills (TSPS: Kwon & Kim, 1994). Results The results revealed a high correlation between most factors of EfSC and IRI, indicating convergent validity. However, a relatively low correlation was observed with TSPS, suggesting a domain-specific nature of EfSC. Analysis of group features based on age and gender showed that factors related to empathy with others were influenced by age and gender, while factors related to empathy with problem situations were influenced by the interaction of age and gender. Further exploration indicated that females and high school students exhibited superior abilities in empathizing with others. In contrast, males, especially high school students, demonstrated higher abilities in empathy with problem situations. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) supported these findings. Conclusions This study contributes to the ongoing discourse on whether EfSC is a suitable instrument for assessing scientific empathy across the adolescence span. The nuanced differences observed in empathy factors based on age and gender underscore the importance of considering developmental and gender-related variations in assessing scientific empathy.

무상급식에 대한 부산지역 고등학생의 인식 및 급식만족도

양희선 ( Heesun Yang ),박영일 ( Young Il Park ),주나미 ( Nami Joo ) 대한영양사협회 2021 대한영양사협회 학술지 Vol.27 No.1

This study investigates perception of the free school meal program, satisfaction of school meal, and eating habits of free and paid school meal program students in the Busan area. Between 20 to May 2020, a total of 350 students were researched, of which 177 belonged to the second grade of high school (free school meal program), and 173 were from the third grade of high school (paid school meal program). 96.0% free school meal program students and 89.0% paid school meal program students responded to the necessity of a free school meal program, which was significantly different between the two groups (P<0.05). All questions regarding the perception of the free school meal program, which were responded to by more than 3 points, were considered positive. ‘Decline of the school meal’s quality’ had the maximum response, from 64.4% and 76.4% free and paid school meal program students, respectively, and was significantly different between groups (P<0.05). Paid school meal program students wasted significantly more school food than the free school meal program students (P<0.001). ‘Not delicious’ was responded by 56.0% free school meal program students and 50.0% paid school meal program students. Evaluating satisfaction of the food quality and service categories was determined to be higher amongst free school meal program students than the paid school meal program students (P<0.05). Considering our study data, we propose that with the gradual expension of free school meal programs, inclusion as part of the education system will serve as a foundation for proper eating habits, and compulsory education will help improve students’ health and quality of life.

An Effect of HTS Wire Configuration on Quench Recovery Time in a Resistive SFCL

Heesun Kim,Ji-Young Lee,Hye-Rim Kim,Seong-Eun Yang,Seung-Duck Yu,Woo-Seok Kim,Ok-Bae Hyun,Junseok Ko,Hankil Yeom IEEE 2013 IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity Vol.23 No.3

<P>We experimentally investigated the correlation between the high-temperature superconducting (HTS) wires configuration in an HTS element and recovery time after quench in a resistive superconducting fault current limiter. The variables of the configuration are horizontal and vertical gap distances between HTS tapes in an element. Eight samples were made with different gap distances and tested. A SUS-stabilized YBCO tape with 4.4 mm width had been used in the experiment. It was cooled by LN2 in a cryostat under the pressure of 1 bar, saturated state. In the short-circuit test, the temperature of the wire's surface was measured. Recovery time of the HTS sample increased with decreasing horizontal and vertical gap distance due to stagnation of bubbles. When the gap distance was larger than a size of a bubble, the effect of gap distance was ignorable. Considering a volume and recovery time, the sample that has narrower gap distance was favorable.</P>

ENANTIOMERIC SEPARATION METHAMPHETAMINE TRAFFICKED IN KOREA

Yang Wonkyung,Han Eunyoung,Lee Jaesin,Park Yonghoon,Lim Miae,Chung Heesun 한국법과학회 2004 한국법과학회 학술대회 Vol.2004 No.1

GC/MS에 의한 모발 중 덱스트로메토르판, 카리소프로돌 및 그 대사체의 정량분석

양원경(Yang Wonkyung),한은영(Han Eunyoung),이재신(Lee Jaeshin),박용훈(Park Yonghoon),김은미(Kim Eunmi),최화경(Choi Hwakyung),임미애(Lim Miae),정희선(Chung Heesun) 한국법과학회 2003 한국법과학회 학술대회 Vol.2003 No.1

Development and Test of a Cooling System for a 154 kV Superconducting Fault Current Limiter

Kim, Heesun,Han, Young Hee,Yang, Seong-Eun,Yu, Seung-Duck,Park, Byung Jun,Park, Kijun,Yoo, Jaeun,Kim, Hye-Rim,In, Sehwan,Hong, Yong Joo,Yeom, Hankil Korea Electric Power Corporation 2015 KEPCO Journal on electric power and energy Vol.1 No.1

The superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) is an electric power device that limits the fault current immediately in a power grid. Korea Electric Power Corporation (KEPCO) has been developing a 154 kV, 2 kA SFCL since 2011 to protect power grids from increasing fault current and improve the stability and quality of electric power. This SFCL adopts 2G YBCO wires and operates at 71 K and 5 bars. In this paper, a cooling system for the 154 kV SFCL and its cooling test results are reported. This cooling system uses a Stirling-type cooler to make sub-cooled liquid nitrogen ($LN_2$), which cools the superconductor modules of the SFCL. The $LN_2$ is circulated between the cooler and the cryostat that contains superconductor modules. The $LN_2$ also plays the role of a high voltage insulator between the modules and the cryostat, so the pressure was maintained at 5 bars for high insulation performance. After installation in a test site, the cooling characteristics of the system were tested. In this operation test, some important data were measured such as temperature distribution in $LN_2$, pressure change, performance of the heat exchanger, and cooling capacity of the total system. Consequently, the results indicate that the cooling system operates well as designed.

음의 영업현금흐름 보고 회피 유인과 영업현금흐름 조정

정희선 ( Heesun Chung ),양승희 ( Seunghee Yang ) 한국회계학회 2018 회계학연구 Vol.43 No.1

본 연구에서는 경영자가 음의 영업현금흐름 보고를 회피하기 위해 영업현금흐름을 조정하는지 살펴본다. 기업의 성과평가에 있어 영업현금흐름은 이익 정보와 함께 상호보완적인 지표로 활용되고 있다. 그런데 발생주의 회계 하에서 영업현금흐름은 이익에 추가적인 정보로, 그 해석을 위해 추가적인 비용을 지불해야 하는 문제가 있다. 따라서 거래비용관점에서 정보이용자는 영업현금흐름의 크기 보다는 그 부호에 더 관심이 있을 수 있으며, 이에 따라 경영자는 음의 영업현금흐름 보고를 회피할 목적으로 영업현금흐름을 조정할 가능성이 있다. 본 연구의 주요 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 우선 영업현금흐름 분포에서 기존 선행연구에서 발견한 이익 분포와 유사한 이상 현상을 발견하였다. 구체적으로 0에 가까운 음의 영업현금흐름을 보고한 기업의 수는 기대빈도보다 적은 반면 0에 가까운 양의 영업현금흐름을 보고한 기업의 수는 기대빈도보다 많았다. 이는 기업들에 음의 영업현금흐름 보고를 회피하려는 유인이 존재함을 시사한다. 다음으로 음의 현금흐름 보고를 회피하기 위해 기업들이 어떤 수단을 활용하는지에 대해 분석하였다. 특히 2011년 국제회계기준(이하 K-IFRS)이 도입된 이후 현금흐름표상 이자와 배당의 수취 및 지급에 대한 활동분류가 기업의 선택에 맡겨지게 되었다는 점에 초점을 두어, 기업들이 이러한 재량을 이용하여 음의 영업현금흐름을 회피하는 조정을 하는지 살펴보았다. 분석 결과 K-GAAP의 방식이 아닌 영업현금흐름을 최대화 하는 활동분류를 선택할 경우 영업현금흐름이 음수에서 양수로 전환되는 기업일수록 영업현금흐름을 높이는 활동분류를 선택하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 기업들이 적자보고 회피 유인 외에 음의 영업현금흐름 보고를 회피하려는 유인이 있고, K-IFRS 이후 활동분류에 주어진 재량권이 이러한 유인을 충족하기 위한 수단으로 이용될 수 있음을 실증적으로 제시하였다는 점에서 의미가 있다. This study examines whether managers manage operating cash flow(hereafter, OCF) to avoid reporting negative OCF. While both OCF and earnings are used as key performance indicators, OCF is a secondary rather than primary information under accrual accounting. Thus, considering costs of retrieving and processing this additional information, information users may find it optimal to rely more on the sign rather than the magnitude of OCF. This creates incentives to avoid negative OCF through OCF management. The main findings of this study are summarized as follows. First, we observe an abnormal distribution of OCF around zero, which is analogous to that of earnings. Specifically, we find lower-than-expected frequencies of small negative OCF and higher-than-expected frequencies of small positive OCF. Second, we investigate specific means through which managers avoid negative OCF. Particularly, we focus on the adoption of K-IFRS which allows cash flows arising from the receipt/payment of interest or dividend to be classified as one of operating/investing/financing activities in accordance with their economic substance. We analyze whether firms use their discretion to avoid reporting negative OCF and find that firms engage in the opportunistic activity classification when negative OCF under the classification method of K-GAAP turns positive through the OCF maximizing classification method. This study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence that firms have incentives to avoid negative OCF in addition to the incentives to avoid losses and that the discretion in the activity classification offered by K-IFRS can be exploited as a means to that end.