임금의 연공성이 조직성과에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

Heejoon Park(박희준),Heekyung Kim(김희경),Hyemin Han(한혜민) 한국경영학회 2022 經營學硏究 Vol.51 No.1

직무급이 임금의 연공성에 미치는 영향

박희준(Heejoon Park) 한국고용노사관계학회 2018 産業關係硏究 Vol.28 No.1

최근 전통적인 연공급의 대안으로 직무급에 대한 논의가 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 학자들은 직무급이 우리나라의 과도한 임금 연공성을 완화시킴으로써 기업들이 당면하고 있는 많은 문제점들을 해결하는 데 기여할 것으로 기대하고 있다. 본 연구는 직무급이 임금의 연공성에 어떤 영향을 미치는지「인적자본기업패널」 3〜6차 자료를 활용하여 분석하였다. 분석 결과에 의하면 우리나라에서는 근속연수가 10년 증가함에 따라 임금이 약 40% 증가하였다. 또한 t 년도의 직무급은 t+2 년도의 임금 연공성에 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않았으나 t+4 년도의 임금의 연공성에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 직무급이 임금의 연공성을 완화한다는 주장은 지지되지 않았다. Many Korean scholars have suggested the job-based pay as an alternative to the traditional seniority-based pay. They are expecting that the job-based pay would be able to reduce the strong wage-tenure relationship existing in Korea and help resolve the many issues Korean firms are currently facing. This study used the Human Capital Corporate Panel to analyze the effects of the job-based pay on the wage-tenure relationship in Korea. The results showed that the return to 10 years of tenure was about 40 percent increase in wage. While the job-based pay in year t did not affect the wage-tenure relationship of year t+2, it had a positive effect on the wage-tenure relationship of year t+4. Thus, the job-based pay did not reduce the wage-tenure relationship.

사무직군 연공급과 직무급 비교: 직무급은 연공급의 대안인가?

박희준(Heejoon Park) 한국인사관리학회 2017 조직과 인사관리연구 Vol.41 No.1

2016년부터 60세 정년이 법제화됨에 따라 전통적인 연공급의 대안으로서 직무급에 대한 논의가 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 본 논문은 기존의 연공급과 직무급에 대한 논의들을 비판적으로 고찰하고, 우리나라에서 사무직군의 직무급 제도가 어떻게 운용되고 있는지 분석함으로써 우리나라 임금체계 개편에 대한 시사점을 도출하는 것을 그 목적으로 한다. 구체적으로 본 논문에서는 연공급과 직무급제 대해 이론적 고찰을 통하여 기존의 논의와는 달리 연공급제에도 직무급적 요소가 존재하고, 직무급제에도 연공급적 요소가 존재함을 보여주고자 한다. 또한 우리나라에서 직무급을 가장 모범적으로 운용하고 있다고 평가받고 있는 두 기업에 대한 사례연구를 통하여 우리 나라의 직무급 제도는 그 구조가 전통적인 연공급과 매우 유사하며, 연공급 제도를 활용하고 있는 기업들과의 실제적인 차이는 대부분 임금관리가 아니라 직무관리와 승진관리에서 나타난다는 것을 보여주고자 한다. Recently, many scholars have argued for a reform of the seniority-based pay system in Korea. Since the 1960s, many korean firms have attempted to replace the traditional seniority-based pay system with the job-based pay system. But the seniority-based pay system is still widely used in Korea. The purpose of this study is to compare the seniority-based and the job-based pay systems for white collar workers in Korea. Although many previous studies have examined the job-based pay system in Korea, they largely focused on the extent to which the job-based pay system was used among Korean firms. No previous study has examined the actual differences and similarities between the seniority-based and the job-based pay systems. Based on theoretical reviews and case studies, this study shows that the seniority-based and the job-based pay systems are similar in their structures. Such findings contradict the widely held belief that the two pay systems are fundamentally different and incompatible. The cases examined in this study also suggest that to reform the HRM system in Korea, not only a pay system reform, but also changes in job and promotion management are required.

임금제도가 고용조정에 미치는 영향

박희준(Heejoon Park) 한국인사관리학회 2018 조직과 인사관리연구 Vol.42 No.2

최근 우리나라의 전통적인 연공급에서 탈피하여 직무와 성과중심의 임금체계로 전환하여야 한 다는 주장이 공감대를 얻고 있다. 이러한 주장에 따르면 연공급은 과거 고도성장기에는 효율적인 제도이었지만, 고령화와 정년 60세 법제화, 저성장, 세계화로 인한 경쟁의 격화 등이 특징인 현재의 환경에서는 기업 경쟁력의 저하와 고용불안의 원인으로 작용한다고 한다. 본 논문은 근속년수에 따라 임금이 증가하는 연공급에서는 근속년수가 높은 근로자들이 자신의 생산성보다 높은 임금을 받음으로써 고용불안을 초래한다는 주장을 검증하기 위하여 임금제도가 고용조정에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 살펴보았다. ｢인적자본기업패널｣ 3차-6차 자료를 분석한 결과에 의하면 임금의 연공성은 고용조정 여부와 규모에 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않는 반면 직무급은 고용조정 여부 및 규모와 정(+)의 관계를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 성과급과 고용조정의 관계를 분석한 결과에 서 개인 성과급은 고용조정 여부와 부(-)의 관계를, 조직 성과급은 고용조정 규모와 부(-)의 관계를 가지는 것으로 나타났지만, 팀 성과급은 고용조정 여부와 정(+)의 관계를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. Seniority-based pay has been widely used in Korea. Recently, however, many scholars have argued that seniority-based pay may be ineffective in the current environment and increase the possibility of downsizing. This study examined the effects of the wage-tenure relationship, job-based and performance-based pay on the probability and size of downsizing. Here, it is argued that downsizing is affected not only by economic factors, such as the relationship between productivity and wage, but also by non-economic factors, such as the implicit contract of long-term employment and the relational psychological contract. The results show that while the wage-tenure relationship pay did not affect downsizing, job-based pay increased the probability and the size of downsizing. Individual level performance-based pay was negatively associated with the probability of downsizing and organizational level performance-based pay was negatively associated with the size of downsizing. By contrast, team level performance-based pay was positively associated with the probability and the size of downsizing.

Ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block for pain management after gastrectomy: a randomized, single-blinded, controlled trial

Heejoon Jeong,Ji Won Choi,Woo Seog Sim,Duk Kyung Kim,Yu Jeong Bang,Soyoon Park,Hyean Yeo,Hara Kim 대한통증학회 2022 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.35 No.3

Background: Open gastrectomy causes severe postoperative pain. Therefore, we investigated the opioid-sparing effect of the ultrasound-guided bilateral erector spinae plane block (ESPB) after open gastrectomy. Methods: Adult patients undergoing open gastrectomy were randomly assigned to either the ESPB group (ESPB + fentanyl based intravenous patient-controlled analgesia [IV-PCA]) or a control group (fentanyl based IV-PCA only). The primary outcome was total fentanyl equivalent consumption during the first 24 hour postoperatively. Secondary outcomes were pain intensities using a numeric rating scale at the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 hour postoperatively, and the amount of fentanyl equivalent consumption during the PACU stay and at 3, 6, and 12 hour postoperatively, and the time to the first request for rescue analgesia. Results: Fifty-eight patients were included in the analysis. There was no significant difference in total fentanyl equivalent consumption during the first 24 hour postoperatively between the two groups (P = 0.471). Pain intensities were not significantly different between the groups except during the PACU stay and 3 hour postoperatively (P < 0.001, for both). Time to the first rescue analgesia in the ward was longer in the ESPB group than the control group (P = 0.045). Conclusions: Ultrasound-guided ESPB did not decrease total fentanyl equivalent consumption during the first 24 hour after open gastrectomy. It only reduced postoperative pain intensity until 3 hour postoperatively compared with the control group. Ultrasound-guided single-shot ESPB cannot provide an efficient opioid-sparing effect after open gastrectomy.

Association of Aspirin with Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B with or without Cirrhosis

( Heejoon Jang ),( Yun Bin Lee ),( Hyemi Moon ),( Minkyung Park ),( Na Ryung Choi ),( Minseok Albert Kim ),( Hyunwoo Oh ),( Joon Yeul Nam ),( Eun Ju Cho ),( Jeong-hoon Lee ),( Su Jong Yu ),( Yoon Jun 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1

Aims: Aspirin therapy has been shown to be associated with reduced risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). We aimed to investigate the association between aspirin use and HCC risk in CHB patients with or without cirrhosis. Methods: We identified 329,635 adult patients with CHB who underwent health examinations from 2007 through 2017, using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. Patients who received aspirin for 90 or more consecutive days (n=20,200) and patients who never received antiplatelet therapy (n=309,435) were identified. We generated propensity score-matched cohort to balance baseline characteristics between aspirin users and nonusers. The risk of HCC development was estimated, accounting for death as a competing event. Results: In overall population, propensity score matching analysis generated 19,003 pairs with a median follow-up period of 6.7 years. The cumulative HCC incidence among aspirin users was significantly lower than that among nonusers of aspirin (P<0.0001; panel A). Aspirin use showed a significant association with lower risk of HCC (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.78-0.92; P<0.0001). Among patients without cirrhosis (16,507 pairs), aspirin users had significantly lower cumulative incidence of HCC (P<0.0001; panel B) and adjusted HR of 0.87 for HCC (95% CI, 0.79-0.95; P=0.002) compared to aspirin nonusers. However, among patients with cirrhosis (2,479 pairs), the cumulative HCC incidence did not differ significantly between aspirin users and nonusers (P=0.51; panel C) and the association between aspirin therapy and HCC risk was not evident (adjusted HR, 1.0; 95% CI, 0.85-1.18; P=0.99). Cirrhosis had a significant effect on the association between use of aspirin and HCC risk (P<0.0001 for interaction). Conclusions: In this Korean nationwide cohort study of patients with CHB, aspirin therapy was associated with reduced risk of HCC. Cirrhosis had a substantial effect on this association.

Intense pulsed white light assisted fabrication of Co-CoOx core-shell nanoflakes on graphite felt for flexible hybrid supercapacitors

Park, Changyong,Hwang, Jeonguk,Hwang, Yeon-Taek,Song, Chiho,Ahn, Suhyun,Kim, Hak-Sung,Ahn, Heejoon Elsevier 2017 ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA Vol.246 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this work, cobalt/cobalt oxide (Co-CoOx) core-shell nanoflakes were directly grown on flexible graphite felt (GF) using a facile one-step intense pulsed white light (IPWL) irradiation method. They were then used as a battery-type positive electrode for a high-performance asymmetric hybrid supercapacitor, which exhibited high rate capability and a long cycle life. The interconnected Co-CoOx thin nanoflakes grown on the GF offer large reaction sites and enough space for easy OH<SUP>−</SUP> ion transport due to their 3-dimensionally interconnected network structures. Cobalt metal at the core of the nanoflakes, directly connected to the current collector of the GF, provided pathways for electrons between the cobalt oxide and GF, leading to low internal resistance and high rate capability. The Co-CoOx/GF electrode had a high specific capacity of 108mAhg<SUP>−1</SUP> at a specific current of 1Ag<SUP>−1</SUP> and maintained a capacity of 71mAhg<SUP>−1</SUP> at a high specific current of 20Ag<SUP>−1</SUP>. A two-terminal asymmetric hybrid supercapacitor, assembled using Co-CoOx/GF as the positive electrode and activated carbon as the negative electrode with gel-electrolyte (PVA/KOH), exhibited an energy density of 30.1 Wh kg<SUP>−1</SUP> at a power density of 0.86kWkg<SUP>−1</SUP> and a high retention of 13.0 Wh kg<SUP>−1</SUP> at a power density of 20.4kWkg<SUP>−1</SUP>. In addition, the asymmetric device showed excellent cycling stability, with 114% capacity retention after 10,000 cycles.</P>

Comparison of the Effects of Ultrasound Alone and Ultrasound, Computed Tomography, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Combination on Surveillance in High-Risk Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma

( Heejoon Jang ),( Minkyung Park ),( Na Ryung Choi ),( Minseok Albert Kim ),( Hyunwoo Oh ),( Joon Yeul Nam ),( Yun Bin Lee ),( Eun Ju Cho ),( Jeong-hoon Lee ),( Su Jong Yu ),( Jung-hwan Yoon ),( Yoon 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1

Aims: Many guidelines suggest ultrasonography at six-month intervals for patients at high risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Nevertheless, surveillance is often performed by combining ultrasound with computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This study analyzed the differences in clinical outcomes depending on whether the patients had imaging tests other than ultrasound as a surveillance test. Methods: Patients diagnosed with chronic hepatitis B or cirrhosis at Seoul National University Hospital from 2010 to 2014 were included. Patients diagnosed with other cancers or with surveillance intervals shorter or longer than 6±1 month were excluded. Patients were divided into 2 groups: those who only had ultrasound scans (USG group) and those who had a combination of ultrasound, CT, and MRI. (combination group). Propensity score matching was applied to adjust the difference in baseline characteristics between the two groups. The difference of HCC detection, liver-related mortality and all-cause mortality between the two groups was analyzed by the Cox proportional hazards model. The difference in the stages at HCC diagnosis between the two groups was compared using Fisher’s exact test. Results: From a total of 4,779 patients, we obtained a propensity score matched cohort of 794 patients. The combination group showed a higher risk of HCC detection than the USG group. (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 2.07; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.21-3.54) The combination group showed more very early stages at the time of HCC diagnosis based on the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging system. (Fisher’s exact test P=0.03). Liver-related mortality (aHR 2.00; 95% CI 0.53-7.56) and all-cause mortality (aHR 1.06; 95% CI 0.49-2.26) were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusions: Combining ultrasound, CT, and MRI as a surveillance test may detect HCC in earlier stages.

RACK-1, a Receptor for Activated C Kinase, Interacts with the Transcription Factor NFAT and Represses

Jungchan Park,Juhyun Han,Minjung Kim,Ji-Hyun Oum,Heejoon Myung,이성욱,Sunjoo Jeong,Surendra Sharma 한국분자세포생물학회 2002 Molecules and cells Vol.14 No.3

Comparative analysis using K-mer and K-flank patterns provides evidence for CpG island sequence evolution in mammalian genomes

Chae, Heejoon,Park, Jinwoo,Lee, Seong-Whan,Nephew, Kenneth P.,Kim, Sun Oxford University Press 2013 Nucleic acids research Vol.41 No.9

<P>CpG islands are GC-rich regions often located in the 5′ end of genes and normally protected from cytosine methylation in mammals. The important role of CpG islands in gene transcription strongly suggests evolutionary conservation in the mammalian genome. However, as CpG dinucleotides are over-represented in CpG islands, comparative CpG island analysis using conventional sequence analysis techniques remains a major challenge in the epigenetics field. In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of all CpG island sequences in 10 mammalian genomes. As sequence similarity methods and character composition techniques such as information theory are particularly difficult to conduct, we used exact patterns in CpG island sequences and single character discrepancies to identify differences in CpG island sequences. First, by calculating genome distance based on rank correlation tests, we show that k-mer and k-flank patterns around CpG sites can be used to correctly reconstruct the phylogeny of 10 mammalian genomes. Further, we used various machine learning algorithms to demonstrate that CpG islands sequences can be characterized using k-mers. In addition, by testing a human model on the nine different mammalian genomes, we provide the first evidence that k-mer signatures are consistent with evolutionary history.</P>