적정 토양 양분 및 수분 상태에서 대기 CO₂농도 상승에 따른 사과나무의 최적 광합성 온도 증가

노희명 서울대학교 농업개발연구소 2001 농업생명과학연구 Vol.5 No.-

Grwoth and photosynthetic responses of apple saplings (Malus domestica Borkh. cv. Fuji) acclimated to 3-years of exposure to contrasting atmospheric CO_2 concentrations (360 and 650 ppm) in combination with current ambient or elevated (ambient+5℃) temperature patterns were determined. Soil moisture regimes were automatically controlled by drip-irrigation scheduled at 50 kPa of soil moisture tension. For the elevated CO_2 concentration alone, overall tree growth was suppressed. However, tree growth was slightly enhanced when warmer temperatures were comnbined with the elevated CO_2 concentration. The elevated CO_2 concentration increased starch accumulation, but the elevated temperature reduced starch accumulation. Light-saturated rates of leaf photosynthesis were suppressed due to the elevated CO_2 concentration, but this effect was removed or enhanced with warmer temperatures. The elevated CO_2 concentration increased optimum temperature for photosynthesis by ca. 4℃, while the warmer temperature did not.

초등학교 고학년 학생의 성별 , 학년별 , 체형인식도와 식행동 및 식품기호도 비교

노희경,박종 한국식생활문화학회 2001 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.16 No.2

This study was undertaken to assess grade and gender differences in dietary behavior, food preference and perception about body image of students in 4, 5 and 6th grades in elementary school in Kwangju. Anthropometric data showed that mean height and weight were 137.98±6.79㎝, 32.69±6.09㎏ in the 4th grade, 144.11±6.91㎝, 36.88±7.60㎏ in the 5th grade and 151.52±7.47㎝, 42.68±8.06㎏ in the 6th grade. Height and weight of male and female students of each grade were very similar to those of the Korean standard Growth data. Females in the 5th and 6th grades were taller than those in male students, which suggested the height growth spurt in females. Furthermore, both genders showed marked variability even in the same group. All the three different obesity indices(BMI, Ro¨hrer and % of ideal body weight) showed higher value in males than in females consistently. Male respondents desired taller and heavier body shape while females perceived they were heavy and desired only taller and thinner body image. There were significant differences in satisfaction with height, weight and body image by grade(P<0.05). 36.7% of subjects responded that they did not eat despite hunger. In higher grade they felt guilty after eating sweet things. Strikingly, it was noted a small number of students tried to take a diet pills or vomited on purpose. Data on food preference showed that female did not like sweet food and pork. While male students preferred red meat and chicken. Thus result indicated that there was a great difference in food preference by gender.

광주지역 저소득층 노인의 성별, 연령별 영양상태

노희경,오근애 대한지역사회영양학회 2003 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.8 No.3

This study was undertaken to assess nutritional status of the low income elderly residing in Gwangju. Anthropometric data showed that mean height of the subjects was lower than that of korean Standard growth data but weight was similar to that standard value. As the subjects became older, their heights and weights were decreased. Body mass index (BMI) in males and females were 22.9 and 24.4 respectively. However, BMI distribution showed that 56% of the elderly females under 75 were underweight. Advancing age contributes significant difference in triceps skinfold thickness in females (p<0.001). Total cholesterol level was higher in the elderly females than the males. It was found that a considerable number of subjects had anemia determined by hemoglobin and hematocrit level, which indicated un iron deficiency. Twenty-four hour dietary recall revealed that, except for phosphorus and vitamin C, all the nutrient intakes of the subjects were below 75% of Korean RDA. Surprisingly, vitamin A and riboflavin intakes of the elderly were below 50% of Korean RDA. Energy intakes of the elderly males and females were 58.7% and 59.6% of Korean RDA respectively. Unbalanced energy ratios of carbohydrate, protein and fat were noted in both genders. Nutrient intakes of females' were lower than those of males'. Thus, there was a significant gender difference in nutrient intakes. It might be further suggested that an appropriate nutritional program should be developed and implemented to improve the poor nutritional status of the low income elderly living in cities.

고전압 급준펄스의 오버슈트 개선에 관한 연구

곽희로,권동진,김영찬 崇實大學校 生産技術硏究所 1994 論文集 Vol.24 No.-

This paper describes very fast rising high voltage pules generation using the traveling wave theory of the transmission line. This very fast rising high voltage pulse generator consists of a charging coaxial cable, a discharging switch, and a terminating resistance. The results of the study show that the rising time of pulses is very fast about 30 [nsec]. The length of the coaxial cable and the charging voltage can regulate the duration and the amplitude or the polarity of the pulse. In addition, rod to plane electrodes are suitable as a short switch and the overshoot of pulse was improved with the larger radius of the rod electrode.

대체의학 선택에 영향을 미치는 일반인들의 심리사회적 특성

유희정,노은여,이철,한오수 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 대체의학을 선택하는 사람들의 심리사회적 변인을 다차원상에서 분석해 봄으로써 이 요인들이 어떤 방식으로 선택 과정에 영향을 미치는가를 살펴보고, 대체의학을 선호하는 사람들의 특성을 탐색해 보는 것이다. 서울시에 거주하는 일반인 200명(남 92명, 여 108명)을 대상으로 인구 통계학적 특성, 대체의학에 대한 인지도, 정통의학 기법과 대체의학 기법의 특성, 경험한 대체의학 기법의 종류, 성격변인, 대처방식, 건강에 대한 통제감, 사회적 지지를 측정하였다. 본 연구결과, 연구대상 중 약 80%는 한약을 포함한 대체의학적 치료법을 경험해본 것으로 드러났다. 또한, 대체의학적 기법을 선호하는 사람들일수록 대체의학에 대한 인지도가 높고, 연령수준이 높으며, 적극적-행동적 대처방식을 지니고 있고, 건강에 대한 내적 통제감을 지닌 것으로 드러났다. 대체의학에 대한 관심이 급격히 증가하고, 정통의학 기법과는 달리 대체의학적 치료법의 선택에는 심리적인 요인의 영향이 크다는 점을 감안할 때 앞으로 이 분야에 대한 연구가 보다 폭넓게 진행되어야 하겠다. This study examined the characteristics of people who have preference for complementary medicine and also the psychosocial factors that are related to the selection of complementary medicine. Two-hundred subjects recruited from the community were included in this study. Demographic variables, medical service characteristics, health locus of control, social support, coping style, and personality characteristics such as self-esteem, neuroticism, and hypochon-driasis were measured. It turned out that nearly 80% of the subjects had already experienced at least one alternative therapy in the past. However, past experience was not significant in predicting future complementary medicine usage. People who were older in age, had more information about complementary medicine, used active-behavioural coping styles, and had internal locus of control were more likely to use complementary medicine in the future. Recommendations for furthur research is indicated.

時變 塔脚 接地抵抗値를 가지는 鐵塔의 過渡 過電壓 特性

郭熙魯 崇田大學校 1984 論文集 Vol.14 No.1

本 論文에서는 送電線路에서 雷擊電流가 大地로 흐를 경우 時變塔脚接地抵抗에 의한 鐵塔의 過渡過電壓特性에 대하여 硏究檢討하였다. 時變塔脚接地抵抗을 갖는 鐵塔을 simulation하고 雷擊電流에 의한 鐵塔의 過渡過電壓을 Nodal Solution Method에 의해 計算하였다. 그 결과로 부터 誘導性塔脚接地抵抗의 上限値를 定常値로 決定할 경우 애자련의 CFO 電壓보다 높은 過渡過電壓을 유발할 수 있고 逆閃絡率을 計算할 때 애자련의 T-V 特性도 고려되어야 함을 알 수 있었다. This paper investigated the characteristics of transient overvoltages on the tower caused by time varying tower footing resistance in the path of lightning stroke current entering earth on transmission lines. The tower with time varying tower footing resistance was simulated and the transient overvoltages on the tower due to lightning stroke current were computed by Nodal Solution Method. From the results, it was found that the determination of the steady state values as a limit of inductive tower footing resistance causes higher transient overvoltages than CFO voltages of insulator strings and V-T characteristics of the insulator strings should be considered for computation of backflashover rate.

跆拳道 發展過程에 對한 史的 考察

金克魯,金羲珠 군산대학교 1989 論文集 Vol.16 No.-

This study has been done to find out how Tae-Kwon-Do has been handed down from ancient period to modern period and to investigate its development. The result are as follows. 1.Traditionally, military arts originated from the human instinct for self-defense, this is believed to be the origin of Tae-Kwon-Do.Military arts were developed together with religion. For example, military arts were used as a contest for warriors in tribal societies and as an event of the same ancestor's worship that Young-Go(Bu-Yo), Dong-Maeng(Goguryo), Mu-Chun(Dong-Ye), and Su-Du(Sam-Han). 2.In the three states(Goguryo, Bae-Je, Silla)period, "sunbae" of Goguryo and "Hwarang" of Silla were kinds of organized warrior groups evolved from youth bodies. The "sunbae" members were elite soldiers in times of war and practised intrepidity and valiance. They dared to die on battlefields.Specially, Silla's "Hwarang"members, while being industrious in learning the classics, exercised gladiatorial skills, horse riding, archery, ssirum, Tae-Kwon-Do and so on. We can see a Tae-Kwon-Do' scene through a Goguryo tumb mural in Tong-Gu, Silla's Sukgulam, many pieces of the sculpture in the Bunwhang Temple's stone pagoda and in excavation in Gyoun-Ju. 3.In the Goryo dynasty, Tae-Kwon-Do become a prerequisite for warriors, and even kings often observed demonstration of the Tae-Kwon-Do "Play" If the performer played well, he was garanteed an important government post and great honor. Most people at that time performanced Tae-Kwon-Do as a folk-play. 4.In the Jo-Sun dynasty, the warriors were looked down on and literary men were looked up to.Neverthless, in selecting military leaders, Tae-Kwon-Do was a major subject for the test. And the fact that the rank and file in the provincial officialdom and even slaves were qualified for such tests might show that Tae-Kwon-Do was taken on more widely among the public. On the other hand, the Muyedobotongji, a book on military arts was published in the end of the dynasty, and that is historically of new epoch-making significance for Tae-Kwon-Do. 5.In modern times, the development of Tae-Kwon-Do is impeded because of suppression by Japanese experialism.But it developed continually after the restoration of independance, established the world Tae-Kwon-Do Federation(W.T.F)and held world Tae-Kwon-Do championships and Asian Tae-Kwon-Do championships. Now, it has become an international sport and also, it was recognized as an Seoul Olympic demonstration event in 1988.

비알콜성 지방간 : 임상소견과 초음파소견의 비교

채희복,김미성,박선미,성노현,윤세진 충북대학교 의학연구소 2000 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.10 No.1

연구목적 : 최근 건강검진이 널리 시행됨에 따라서 지방간 환자가 많이 발견되고 있으며 이에 대한 사람들의 관심이 증대되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 지방간 환자의 임상적인 특징을 살펴보고 위험요인과 예후에 관련된 인자들을 규명해 보고자 하였다. 연구대상 및 방법: 1998년 2월부터 2000년 3월까지 충북대학교 병원에 내원한 환자 중 초음파로 지방간을 진단받은 65명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 후향적으로 진료기록을 검토하였으며, 전화로 체중, 키, 음주력, 약물복용력, 관련증상 유무를 확인하였다. 초음파상 지방간의 중증도와 대상환자들의 체질량지수, 혈청 ALT치의 상승, 기저질환, 관련 임상 증상들간에 상관성이 있는지를 비교분석 하였다. 결과: 체질량지수와 초음파상 지방간의 중증도간에는 유의한 상관관계가 관찰되었다. 혈청 ALT치를 80 IU/L를 기준으로 두 군으로 나누어 지방간의 중증도와 비교하여 본 결과 중증도가 심할수록 혈청 ALT치의 이상소견이 더 높은 빈도로 관찰되었다. (P < 0.01) AST/ALT비는 초음파상 중증도와 역의 상관관계를 나타내었다. (P < 0.01) 소량음주군과 비음주군의 두 군으로 나누었을 때 지방간의 중증도가 심한 군에서 소량음주군이 보다 더 많이 포함되는 경향을 보였다 (P = 0.052) 첫 초음파 검사 시행 시점부터 평균 32개월의 기간이 경과한 뒤 추적검사가 가능하였던 9명의 환자 중 6명에서 무변, 3명에서 호전이 관찰되었다. 결론: 본 연구의 결과 초음파상 지방간 중증도가 심한 환자에서 더 자주 혈청 ALT치의 상승이 관찰되었다. 지방간 환자 중에서 간내 지방축적이 심할수록 염증을 동반할 기회가 많아진다고 생각된다. 이러한 간내 염증괴사소견의 동반은 좋지 않는 예후를 시사하므로 간조직검사등의 적극적인 진단과 비 알콜성지방간염에 대한 조기대응이 필요하다고 생각된다 아울러 지방간 이환기간과 간내 염증과의 상관성을 증명하기 위한 후속연구가 더 필요하다고 생각된다. Background/purpose : Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease can be found more frequently than before due to a high fat diet and a sedentary life style. The aim of this study was to compare clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with different sonographical grade of the nonalcoholic fatty liver. Methods : 65 patients were diagnosed as nonalcoholic fatty limier patients by abdominal solography from Feb. 1998 to Mar. 2000. We reviewed medical records and confirmed the clinical data by phone. We compared the sonographical grade of the fatty liver with such clinical data as BMI, serum ALT level, underlying diseases and associated symptoms. Results: 1) There was a significant correlation between the BMI and the sonographical grade of the fatty liver . 2) The more severe the sonographical grade of the fatty liver, the higher the serum ALT level was. 3) There were significant inverse correlations between the AST/ALT ratio and the sonographical grade of the fatty liver. 4) Out of the 9 patients whose status could be assessed by sonography or biochemical tests after about 3 years, 3 patients improved and the other 6 patients showed no interval change. Conclusion : Both the amount of excessive fat and the duration of the fatty liver are considered to be the risk factors of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. We confirmed the association between the sonographical grade of the fatty liver and the serum ALT level by this study, but the association between the duration of the fatty liver diesease and the nonalcoholic steatohepatitis needs to be studied more in the future. The nonalcoholic steatohepatitis showing necrosis or a Mallory body may take an aggressive course leading to cirrhosis and liver related death. Therefore, a liver biopsy and active therapeutic intervention is necessary, early and properly

3-Joint Planar Type 로봇 매니퓰레이터의 자기동조적응제어에 관한 연구

김규로,양희주,유용석,최명진,오택열 慶熙大學校 大學院 院友會 1996 高凰論集 Vol.17 No.-

This study has parallelogram trajectory tracking of Three Joint Planar type Robot Manipulator. The equation of motion for the three joint planar manipulator are obtained by substituting Lagrange's energy expression into Euler-Lagrange's equation and forming the appropriate derivative. Lagrangian method allows us to obtain the dynamics equations for very complicated systems in the simplest manner possible. SISO model is used for design of the controller. The design of controllers may be considered primary controller for manipulators to track the desired trajectory under ideal conditions and secondary controller to compensates for undesirable deviations of the motion from the trajectory caused by external and internal disturbances. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the efficiency by self-tunning adaptive control and considering a characteristic of control. Through the computer simulation, obtained the following results 1) selt-tunning adaptive control is superior to PD control, 2) During the learning period, the adaptive control algorithm is searching proper estimates and controller gains. After this period, the outputs of the joints start tracking closely the desired valued.

회전원통을 이용한 초고압 변압기의 유동대전에 관한 연구

곽희로,권동진,손철근 崇實大學校 生産技術硏究所 1993 論文集 Vol.23 No.-

This paper presents the measurement method using a spinning cylinder system for streaming electrification of transformer oil. The spinning cylinder system has a simple mechanical construction, and requires less oil compared to the other methods. Also, the effects of various admixtures on the static electrification properties of transformer oil can be easily investigated. Experiments showed that addition of the BTA reduced the streaming electrification and the polarity of static electrification was converted to negative at 50∼70[ppm] of BTA.