Intra-operative Rectal Washout with Saline Solution Can Effectively Prevent Anastomotic Recurrence: a Meta-analysis

Zhou, Can,Ren, Yu,Wang, Ke,Liu, Jie,He, Jian-Jun,Liu, Pei-Jun Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.12

Background and Objective: Rectal washout with saline solution may theoretically prevent anastomotic recurrence in patients with resectable rectal cancer, although exact clinical effects have not yet been determined. In order to derive a more precise estimation of the relationship, the present meta-analysis was performed. Method: Relevant studies were identified by a search of Medline, Embase and Google Website with no restrictions to September 1, 2013, and included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Results: 5 trials (642 participants) were included to assess the association between rectal washout with saline solution and anastomotic recurrence. The rate of anastomotic recurrence (AR) was 6.23% (40/642), with the pooled OR derived from the five studies being 0.32 (95 % CI=0.15-0.70, P=0.004). The pooled OR derived from the TME and radical resection subgroups were 0.72 (95%CI=0.16-3.12, P=0.66) and 0.51 (95%CI=0.13-1.96, P=0.32), respectively. Conclusion: Results from this analysis show that intra-operative rectal washout with mere saline solution largely reduces the risk of anastomotic recurrences in patients with resectable rectal cancer.

Chirality detection of amino acid enantiomers by organic electrochemical transistor

Zhang, Lijun,Wang, Guiheng,Xiong, Can,Zheng, Lei,He, Jianbo,Ding, Yunsheng,Lu, Hongbo,Zhang, Guobing,Cho, Kilwon,Qiu, Longzhen Elsevier 2018 Biosensors & bioelectronics Vol.105 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Chiral recognition of α-amino acids is attracting increasing interest due to the importance of α-amino acids in protein metabolism as well as in food products and pharmaceuticals. Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) with gate electrodes modified with molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) films were fabricated and successfully used as highly selective and sensitive chiral recognition biosensors for <SMALL>D/L</SMALL>-tryptophan (<SMALL>D</SMALL> <SMALL>/</SMALL> <SMALL>L</SMALL>-Trp) and <SMALL>D/L</SMALL>-tyrosine (<SMALL>D</SMALL> <SMALL>/</SMALL> <SMALL>L</SMALL>-Tyr). The MIP films, which can specifically recognize and has an electrocatalytic effect on the oxidation of Trp and Tyr, together with the amplification function of an OECT, provide a highly sensitive and selective OECT biosensor. The sensor showed a linear response range for <SMALL>L</SMALL>-Trp and <SMALL>L</SMALL>-Tyr from 300 nM to 10 μM with a sensitivity of 3.19 and 3.64 μA/μM, respectivity. And the detection limit for <SMALL>L</SMALL>-Trp and <SMALL>L</SMALL>-Tyr is of 2 nM and 30 nM (S/N > 3). The selectivity factors of <SMALL>L</SMALL>-Trp, <SMALL>D</SMALL>-Trp, <SMALL>L</SMALL>-Tyr and <SMALL>D</SMALL>-Tyr to their enantiomers are 11.6, 3.5, 14.5 and 2.6, respectively. This method can pave the way for widespread applications of OECT-based sensors in chiral material identification.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> An novel chiral recognition MIP-OECT sensor was developed. </LI> <LI> The MIP films showed good performance of selective and electro-catalytic oxidation for Trp and Tyr. </LI> <LI> The MIP films together with the amplification function of an OECT afforded a highly sensitive, selective sensor for chirality detection of amino acid enantiomers. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Physical Characteristics of Lighting Environment and Physiological Change of Drivers in Tunnel

Can Qin,Bo Liang,Jinghang Xiao,Jia’an Niu,Shiyong He 대한토목학회 2023 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.27 No.5

The physical characteristics (i.e., road surface luminance, sidewall luminance, overall uniformity of luminance, and longitudinal uniformity of luminance) of the tunnel and the physiological change (i.e., pupil diameter and heart rate) of the drivers were investigated by the real vehicle tests and the whole scale model. Experiments were carried out in the real tunnel and the whole scale model with the sidewalls covered by the energy-storage and self-luminous material coating (ESMC) and the fireproof material coating (FMC). The results also show that compared to FMC, the luminance and the luminance uniformity were higher, and the pupil diameter and heart rate of drivers were smaller for ESMC. Furthermore, the physical characteristics of the light environment are negatively correlated with the physiological change of drivers. Moreover, each decrease of 1 cd/mm2 in road surface luminance and sidewall luminance, the pupil diameter increase by 0.54 and 1.06 mm, the heart rate increase 7.29 and 14.15 times/min, respectively. Each decrease of 0.1 in luminance uniformity, the pupil diameter increase by 0.33 mm, the mean heart rate increase 4.41 times/min, respectively.

Variations in bacterial and fungal communities through soil depth profiles in a Betula albosinensis forest

Can Du,Zengchao Geng,Qiang Wang,Tongtong Zhang,Wenxiang He,Lin Hou,Yueling Wang 한국미생물학회 2017 The journal of microbiology Vol.55 No.9

Microbial communities in subsurface soil are specialized for their environment, which is distinct from that of the surface communities. However, little is known about the microbial communities (bacteria and fungi) that exist in the deeper soil horizons. Vertical changes in microbial alpha-diversity (Chao1 and Shannon indices) and community composition were investigated at four soil depths (0–10, 10–20, 20–40, and 40–60 cm) in a natural secondary forest of Betula albosinensis by high-throughput sequencing of the 16S and internal transcribed spacer rDNA regions. The numbers of operational taxonomic units (OTUs), and the Chao1 and Shannon indices decreased in the deeper soil layers. Each soil layer contained both mutual and specific OTUs. In the 40–60 cm soil layer, 175 and 235 specific bacterial and fungal OTUs were identified, respectively. Acidobacteria was the most dominant bacterial group in all four soil layers, but reached its maximum at 40–60 cm (62.88%). In particular, the 40–60 cm soil layer typically showed the highest abundance of the fungal genus Inocybe (47.46%). The Chao1 and Shannon indices were significantly correlated with the soil organic carbon content. Redundancy analysis indicated that the bacterial communities were closely correlated with soil organic carbon content (P = 0.001). Collectively, these results indicate that soil nutrients alter the microbial diversity and relative abundance and affect the microbial composition.

Synonymy of soil-feeding termites Pseudocapritermes sowerbyi and Pseudocapritermes largus, with evidence from morphology and genetics

Xuan Ruoyue,Dai Qingfeng,He Can,Zhang Dayu,Pan Chengyuan 한국응용곤충학회 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.24 No.1

Pseudocapritermes Kemner is a termite group that constructs subterranean gallery systems in topsoil. This genus is distributed in the Oriental region and contains 18 species. Dependence on the morphological measurements of soldiers makes the taxonomy of Pseudocapritermes difficult. In this study, we compared morphological characters of soldiers and adults of P. largus and P. sowerbyi. In addition, three fulllength mitochondrial genes (COI, COII, and 16S rRNA) were sequenced from a total of eight P. largus and P. sowerbyi colonies. Morphological comparison of soldiers showed that P. largus is larger than P. sowerbyi, but there was overlap in some measurements. In adults, the morphological characters of P. largus were congruent with those of P. sowerbyi. Sequence alignments of COI, COII, and 16S rRNA revealed a high pairwise genetic identity (ranging from 99.64 to 100%) between the two species, which suggested that P. largus and P. sowerbyi are the same species. Molecular phylogenetic analysis based on COII revealed that Pseudocapritermes belongs to the Termes group having soldiers with asymmetrical snapping mandibles and is more closely related to Sinocapritermes than to other Termes group genera distributed in China. Morphological similarity and genetic identity indicate that P. largus is a junior synonym of P. sowerbyi.

ORiginal Article : Tryptase and Protease-Activated Receptor 2 Expression Levels in Irritable Bowel Syndrome

( Wen Jing Liang ),( Guo Zhang ),( He Sheng Luo ),( Lie Xin Liang ),( Dan Huang ),( Fa Can Zhang ) 대한간학회 2016 Gut and Liver Vol.10 No.3

Background/Aims: Previous studies have revealed that mast cells (MCs) may activate the protease-activated receptors and release of neuropeptides involved in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The levels of proteaseactivated receptor 2 (PAR-2) and tryptase can contribute to understanding the pathogenesis of IBS. Methods: Colonoscopic biopsies were performed of 38 subjects (20 with IBSdiarrhea [IBS-D], eight with IBS-constipation [IBS-C], and 10 healthy volunteers). The mRNA and protein levels of tryptase and PAR-2 were assessed by real-time PCR and Western blot. The levels of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), substance P (SP), and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) were measured by immunohistochemistry, and MCs were counted by toluidine blue staining. Results: Significant increases in the mRNA expression of tryptase (p<0.05, IBS-D, IBS-C vs control) and PAR-2 (p<0.05, IBS-D, IBS-C vs control) and in the tryptase protein level (p<0.05, IBS-D, IBS-C vs control) were detected in IBS. Elevations of MCs, CGRP, VIP and SP (p<0.05, IBS-D vs control) were observed for IBS-D only. Conclusions: Tryptase levels may upregulate the function of PAR- 2, resulting in the release of neuropeptide and they were correlated with clinical symptoms associated with IBS. (Gut Liver 2016;10:382-390)

Socio-economic Factors Influencing Tumor Presentation and Treatment Options in Chinese Breast Cancer Patients

Wang, Ke,Li, Xiao,Zhou, Can,Ren, Yu,Wang, Xian-Bing,He, Jian-Jun Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.1

The impact of income and education level on the clinical and pathologic characteristics, implementation of clinical breast examination (CBE), and treatment patterns of a small population of Chinese female breast cancer patients was studeied in order to provide a theoretical basis and statistical reference for further nationwide research. We included 484 pathologically confirmed female primary breast cancer inpatients of the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University from February 2003 to January 2004. All cases were reviewed and relevant information was collected using a designed case report form (CRF). Chisquare tests, rank-sum tests, and Fisher's exact tests were used in the analysis. Our analysis showed that: (1) women in different occupation groups had significant differences in tumor size, pre-operative mammography, surgical options, post-operative estrogen receptor (ER), progestin receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her2) status, and post-operative radiotherapy and chemotherapy (P < 0.05); and (2) women with different education levels had statistically significant differences in tumor size, post-operative ER, PR and Her2 status, and post-operative chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and endocrine therapy (P < 0.05). In Xi'an, China, women in low-income occupations or with low education levels are more likely to have advanced tumor stages at presentation, lower implementation rate of clinical breast examination, and less treatment.

Pap Smear Combined with HPV Testing: A Reasonable Tool for Women with High-grade Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Treated by LEEP

Mo, Ling-Zhao,Song, Hong-Lin,Wang, Jian-Li,He, Qing,Qiu, Zhang-Can,Li, Fei Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.10

Background: To evaluate HPV testing by Hybrid Capture II (HCII) in conjunction with cytology in detecting the residual/recurrence disease after treatment of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN II-III) with loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP). Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of 158 patients with histologically confirmed CIN II-III who underwent LEEP between January 2011 and October 2012 was conducted. Post-treatment control was scheduled at the 3rd, 6th, 12th and 18th month. All patients were followed up by Pap smear and HR-HPV genotype and viral load testing. Results: Pre-treatment, HR-HPV DNA, was detected in all specimens of the patients. At follow-up, 25 patients were diagnosed as the residual/recurrent disease during the FU visit, among whom, 16 patients with positive margin: 13 patients (52%) with HR-HPV DNA+/cytology+, 2 patients (8%) with HR-HPV DNA+/cytology-, 1 patient (4%) with cytology+/HR-HPV DNA-; 9 patients with clean margin - 5 patients (55.6%) with HR-HPV DNA+/cytology+; 2 patients (22.2%) with HRHPV DNA+/cytology-, 2 patients (22.2%) with cytology+/HR-HPV DNA-. None of them persisting HR-HPV DNA-/cytology-with positive or negative margin was identified as the residual/recurrent disease. The majority of residual/recurrent disease was detected at the 12th and 18th month FU, and there was almost no difference in the sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV) between at the 3rd month and the 6th month FU visits. 14 residual/recurrence disease (14/46:30.4%) had pre-treatment high viral load (>5 000 RUL/PC) and 11 (11/112, 9.8%) with pre-treatment low viral load, P<0.05. Conclusions: (1) The persistence HR-HPV DNA is the root cause of the residual/recurrent disease for the women treated for high-grade CIN; the pre-treatment viral load and margin can be seen as the predictor. (2) The FU visit beginning at the 6th month post-treatment and lasting at least 24 months with the combination of cytology and HPV testing. (3) Patients with high pre-treatment HPV load, which is considered as one risk of developing the residual/recurrent disease, should be paid more attention (especially above 500RUL/PC) to by clinicians.