An up-to-date review on chemistry and biological activities of Senna occidentalis (L.) Link Family: Leguminosae

Singh Harpreet,Chahal Piyush,Mishra Amrita,Mishra Arun Kumar 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2020 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.20 No.3

Senna occidentalis (L.) Link Family: Leguminosae, one of the important Ayurvedic plants, to treat various ailments. The current review embarks on the detected secondary metabolites, biological properties and toxicological aspects of extracts of S. occidentalis (L.) Link. With an aim to encourage the recent and advanced research on extracts, the present review is presented. The traditional medicinal importance of S. occidentalis (L.) Link has been identified in tropical and subtropical regions to treat various ailments. All the available informations on S. occidentalis (L.) Link was collected via electronic search (using Pubmed, SciFinder, Scirus, Google Scholar, Agricola and Web of Science) and literature study done at library. About 38 phytocompounds have been isolated from S. occidentalis (L.) Link; the most important includes anthraquinones, flavonoid glycosides, xanthones, tetrahydro anthracenes, terpenes and phytosterol etc. In vivo biological studies of the extracts show that S. occidentalis (L.) Link possesses analgesic, anthelmintic, antidiabetic, anticonvulsant, antitrypanosomal, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, myeloprotective, wound healing, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and larvicidal activity. The extracts need to be further investigated to describe the extent of the biological effects, most advantageous dosage required, and mechanisms of action behind biological effects, safety profile and probable side effects. Moreover, clinical studies are required to support the curative potential of S. occidentalis (L.) Link.

Qualitative assessment of geostatistical and non-geostatistical fusion techniques: a case study on landsat 8 images

Harpreet Singh,Prabhakar Alok Verma,Sameer Saran 대한공간정보학회 2019 Spatial Information Research Vol.27 No.3

Broadly satellite images are available in two categories (1) high spectral resolution but less spatial resolution (2) high spatial resolution but less spectral resolution. But in certain applications, images with high spatial as well as high spectral resolution are required. To meet such kind of requirement, Image fusion is widely accepted and increasingly being used. In this study satellite image fusion is done using geostatistical methods (cokriging, regression kriging) and non-geostatistical methods (intensity hue saturation, principal component analysis). The study is focused on performing qualitative assessment of selected image fusion techniques. In this study, the primary variable is RGB bands of Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) and the panchromatic band is chosen as the second variable. The output of these selected methods is compared to access spectral and spatial quality. Spectral quality is accessed by finding the correlation between the primary variable and the output, however spatial quality is accessed via texture analysis method named entropy. Overall assessment of loss of correlation, luminance distortion, and contrast distortion is done using Image quality index. Correlation index of regression kriging and PCA are comparable whereas entropy and image quality index of fused output is highest in case of regression kriging. Hence regression kriging can be concluded as the best fusion technique out of the compared techniques.

Developing a Biomedical Expert Finding System Using Medical Subject Headings

Harpreet Singh,Reema Singh,Arjun Malhotra,Manjit Kaur 대한의료정보학회 2013 Healthcare Informatics Research Vol.19 No.4

Objectives: Efficient identification of subject experts or expert communities is vital for the growth of any organization. Most of the available expert finding systems are based on self-nomination, which can be biased, and are unable to rank experts. Thus, the objective of this work was to develop a robust and unbiased expert finding system which can quantitatively measure expertise. Methods: Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is a controlled vocabulary developed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) for indexing research publications, articles and books. Using the MeSH terms associated with peer-reviewed articles published from India and indexed in PubMed, we developed a Web-based program which can be used to identify subject experts and subjects associated with an expert. Results: We have extensively tested our system to identify experts from India in various subjects. The system provides a ranked list of experts where known experts rank at the top of the list. The system is general; since it uses information available with the PubMed, it can be implemented for any country. Conclusions: The expert finding system is able to successfully identify subject experts in India. Our system is unique because it allows the quantification of subject expertise, thus enabling the ranking of experts. Our system is based on peer-reviewed information. Use of MeSH terms as subjects has standardized the subject terminology. The system matches requirements of an ideal expert finding system.

Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw Associated with Palatal Bone and Soft Tissue Trauma: A Case Report

Harpreet Singh,Wafaa Saleh,Seunghee Cha,Joseph Katz,Axel Ruprecht 대한안면통증∙구강내과학회 2019 Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain Vol.44 No.1

The aim of this case report is to present a case of 68-year-old male with a history of multiple myeloma and the intravenous use of Zometa (zoledronic acid) who had developed medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) following a hot pizza burn to the palate. Clinical and radiographic findings revealed grade 1 MRONJ of the right side of the hard palate. Soft tissue trauma and delayed epithelialization may be associated with some cases of MRONJ. Patients on anti-resorptive medications or anti-angiogenic drugs should be informed of the risk of bone exposure and subsequent MRONJ secondary to physical/chemical insults to the bone and soft tissue in the oral cavity.

Oestrus Induction, Plasma Steroid Hormone Profiles and Fertility Response after CIDR and eCG Treatment in Acyclic Sahiwal Cows

Singh, Harpreet,Luthra, R.A.,Khar, S.K.,Nanda, Trilok Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2006 Animal Bioscience Vol.19 No.11

The study was conducted on 30 true acyclic Sahiwal cows (15 cows, ${\geq}90$ days postpartum; 15 postpubertal heifers, ${\geq}30$ months of age) and a similar 20 untreated controls (10 cows, 10 heifers). An 'Eazi' breed Controlled Internal Drug Release (CIDR) device (containing 1.38 g progesterone) was inserted intravaginally for 7 days (days 0 to 7) followed by 500 IU eCG i.m. at CIDR removal in all the treated animals. Heifers also received 5 mg oestradiol valerate i.m at CIDR insertion. The reproductive performance of these animals was recorded in terms of oestrus induction response, conception and pregnancy rates. Plasma progesterone ($P_4$) and oestradiol-$17{\beta}$ ($E_2$) profiles of 4 representative animals from each treatment group before, during and after CIDR treatment were also monitored. An oestrus induction response of 100% was observed in treated cows and heifers. The majority of cows (53.3%) and heifers (60%) were induced to oestrus within 24-36 and 36-48 h, respectively after CIDR withdrawal; with mean intervals of $44{\pm}3.18$ and $48{\pm}2.35h$, respectively. The conception rate at induced oestrus was higher in cows (40%) than heifers (20%). The final pregnancy rates after 2 subsequent oestruses were 80 and 60% in cows and heifers, respectively (overall 70% for all treated animals). In comparison, only 10% of control animals (2 cows only, 2/20) showed oestrus and become pregnant (10%) during theentire study period. The pretreatment (day 0) mean plasma P4 levels were statistically (p>0.05) similar in cows and heifers ($0.40{\pm}0.04$ and $0.49{\pm}0.11ng/ml$, respectively). The peak $P_4$ levels were observed on day 1 in cows ($13.94{\pm}1.41ng/ml$) and day 2 in heifers ($19.15{\pm}3.30ng/ml$) with a progressive decline up to the day of CIDR withdrawal ($3.35{\pm}0.92$ and $8.79{\pm}1.71ng/ml$, respectively). Mean $P_4$ levels on day 9 and 10 in cows and heifers did not differ significantly from their respective day 0 values and the lowest values were recorded on day 10 both in cows and heifers ($0.13{\pm}0.03$ and $0.14{\pm}0.02ng/ml$, respectively). Wide variations in individual pretreatment $E_2$ levels were observed both in the cows (range = 4-26, mean = $13.00{\pm}4.65pg/ml$) and heifers (range = 10-14, mean = $11.50{\pm}0.96pg/ml$). Thereafter also, $E_2$ levels in cows showed variation and reached a peak level ($53.50{\pm}2.99pg/ml$) on day 8. In heifers, peak mean $E_2$ level ($111.25{\pm}39.81pg/ml$) was recorded on day 1, followed by a non-significant decline on day 2, a significant fall on day 6 and a non-significant increase on day 9 and 10. However, mean $E_2$ levels on days 7 (p<0.05), 8 and 9 (p<0.01) were significantly higher in cows compared to heifers. The post-CIDR withdrawal mean highest $P_4$ and lowest $E_2$ levels coincided with the period when the majority of animals were induced to oestrus. CIDR and eCG treatment resulted in effective induction of oestrus with satisfactory pregnancy rates in true acyclic Sahiwal cows and heifers.

Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw Associated with Palatal Bone and Soft Tissue Trauma: A Case Report

Singh, Harpreet,Saleh, Wafaa,Cha, Seunghee,Katz, Joseph,Ruprecht, Axel Korean Academy of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine 2019 Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain Vol.44 No.1

The aim of this case report is to present a case of 68-year-old male with a history of multiple myeloma and the intravenous use of Zometa (zoledronic acid) who had developed medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) following a hot pizza burn to the palate. Clinical and radiographic findings revealed grade 1 MRONJ of the right side of the hard palate. Soft tissue trauma and delayed epithelialization may be associated with some cases of MRONJ. Patients on anti-resorptive medications or anti-angiogenic drugs should be informed of the risk of bone exposure and subsequent MRONJ secondary to physical/chemical insults to the bone and soft tissue in the oral cavity.

Critical Review of Fluid Flow Physics at Micro- to Nano‐scale Porous Media Applications in the Energy Sector

Singh, Harpreet,Myong, Rho Shin Hindawi Limited 2018 Advances In Materials Science And Engineering Vol.2018 No.1

<P>While there is a consensus in the literature that embracing nanodevices and nanomaterials helps in improving the efficiency and performance, the reason for the better performance is mostly subscribed to the nanosized material/structure of the system without sufficiently acknowledging the role of fluid flow mechanisms in these systems. This is evident from the literature review of fluid flow modeling in various energy-related applications, which reveals that the fundamental understanding of fluid transport at micro- and nanoscale is not adequately adapted in models. Incomplete or insufficient physics for the fluid flow can lead to untapped potential of these applications that can be used to increase their performance. This paper reviews the current state of research for the physics of gas and liquid flow at micro- and nanoscale and identified critical gaps to improve fluid flow modeling in four different applications related to the energy sector. The review for gas flow focuses on fundamentals of gas flow at rarefied conditions, the velocity slip, and temperature jump conditions. The review for liquid flow provides fundamental flow regimes of liquid flow, and liquid slip models as a function of key modeling parameters. The four porous media applications from energy sector considered in this review are (i) electrokinetic energy conversion devices, (ii) membrane-based water desalination through reverse osmosis, (iii) shale reservoirs, and (iv) hydrogen storage, respectively. Review of fluid flow modeling literature from these applications reveals that further improvements can be made by (i) modeling slip length as a function of key parameters, (ii) coupling the dependency of wettability and slip, (iii) using a reservoir-on-chip approach that can enable capturing the subcontinuum effects contributing to fluid flow in shale reservoirs, and (iv) including Knudsen diffusion and slip in the governing equations of hydrogen gas storage.</P>

Assessment of positional error and hole quality during vibration-based drilling of aerospace alloy

Malkeet Singh,Sahil Dhiman,Harpreet Singh,Christopher Charles Berndt 대한기계학회 2021 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.35 No.12

Modulation assisted drilling (MAD) superimposes low frequency (< 1000 Hz) and high amplitude (< 150 µm) vibrations to the cutting tool, more specifically to the drill bit in the feed direction during drilling. The present work investigates the effect of low-frequency vibrations on the drilled holes quality during MAD for nickel-based superalloy, Inconel-718 as work material. The vibrations were superimposed on the drill bit using a specialized tool holder (TriboMAM, a piezoelectric driven patented device). Quality comparison of conventionally and modulated-assisted drilled holes was done on the basis of positional error by a novel approach. As per the discrete chip production model during MAD, a rotational speed of 2200, the modulation frequency of 220 Hz, amplitude of 0.008 mm, and feed rate of 0.031 mm/rev led to a reduction in positional error, thrust force and torque by 52 %, 11 %, and 32 %, respectively, in comparison with the CD. MAD due to its intermittent cutting nature, results in a better lubricant flow during the operation, and production of finer chips; both factors help to reduce frictional heat, tool wear and thrust force. These attributes, in turn help to achieve less positional error. Moreover, the cyclic drilling force also contributes to reduce thrust force as well as positional error due to hammering action. Thus, the results of the study indicate that MAD is a better contender for quality-oriented machining of the given superalloy within the chosen parametric domain following the discrete cutting model.

ZnO decorated with organic nanoparticles based sensor for the ratiometric selective determination of mercury ions

Kaur, Narinder,Singh, Jasminder,Raj, Pushap,Singh, Narinder,Singh, Harpreet,Sharma, Sanjeev K.,Kim, Deuk Young,Kaur, Navneet The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 New journal of chemistry Vol.40 No.2

<P>ZnO nanoparticles decorated with organic receptor 1 (R1) have been prepared and the resultant compound (N1) was investigated for its metal recognition ability. N1 was found to be selective for mercury ions (Hg2+) in a DMSO/water mixture in a ratio of 7 : 3 and possessed no interference from any of the potential interferent metal ions. The crystal size and morphology of ZnO is characterized using various spectroscopic and diffraction techniques like scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), etc. Surface decoration of the ZnO with receptor 1 is confirmed using NMR spectroscopy. On successive additions of Hg2+ ions, the fluoresence intensity of the compound was quenched at 427 nm with enhancement of the peak at 482 nm, which led to ratiometric sensor development for the recognition of mercury ions having a detection limit of 0.19 nM. The prepared receptor was also tested for real sample application by preparing a known concentration of Hg2+ solution and it was found to respond well with an accuracy more than 90%.</P>

Effect of Upper Limb Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation with Resistance Training on Respiratory Muscle Strength in Quadriplegics: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Chanchal Gautam(Chanchal Gautam ),Jaskirat Kaur(Jaskirat Kaur ),Harpreet Singh(Harpreet Singh ) 사피엔시아 2020 Exercise Medicine Vol.4 No.-

Objectives: Spinal cord injuries lead to impairment of the respiratory system due to paresis or paralysis of the respiratory muscles leading to respiratory insufficiency, which is dependent on the level and completeness of the injury. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of upper limb proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) combined with resistance training on respiratory muscle strength and perceived difficulty of breathing in individuals with tetraplegia. Methods: 26 participants with traumatic tetraplegia C5-C8 participated in the study. They were then allocated in two different groups. PNF Group received upper extremity PNF combined with resistance training for 10 repetitions per set, 3 sets 3 times a week for 4 weeks, and CONT Group received respiratory training with triflow type incentive spirometer. Participants were evaluated for maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximum expiratory pressure (MEP) and modified borg scale (MBS). Results: After four weeks of intervention, there were significant improvement in the scores of MIP, MEP, MBS in both groups separately. Also between group comparison showed significant improvement in scores of MIP (P=0.004), MEP (P =0.004), MBS (P=0.001) in PNF Group as compared to CONT Group. Conclusions: This study concludes that there was significant improvement in respiratory muscle strength and rate of perceived difficulty of breathing using upper limb PNF combined with resistance training in tetraplegics.