Somatosensory evoked potentials are abnormal with plagiocephaly

Harma, Maiju,Lauronen, Leena,Leikola, Junnu,Hukki, Jyri,Saarikko, Anne Korean Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association 2022 Archives of Craniofacial Surgery Vol.23 No.2

Background: Deformational plagiocephaly is usually managed conservatively, as it tends to improve over time and with the use of conservative measures. However, before the year 2017 we operated on patients with severe plagiocephaly and neurological symptoms at the Helsinki Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Center. Methods: Of the 20 infants with severe deformational plagiocephaly and neurological symptoms referred to us between 2014 and 2016, 10 underwent cranioplasty open reshaping of the posterior cranial vault. The parents of the last 10 patients were given information on the natural history of the condition and the patients were followed up with an outpatient protocol. The aim of this study was to gain information on the brain electrophysiology and recovery of patients after total cranial vault reconstruction by measuring the electroencephalogram (EEG) somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP; median nerve). Results: Of the 10 participants in the operation arm, six had abnormal SEP at least on the affected cerebral hemisphere and all SEPs were recorded as normal when controlled postoperatively. In the follow-up arm, eight out of 10 participants had abnormal SEP at the age of approximately 24 months, and all had normalized SEPs at control visits. Conclusion: Our data suggest that cranioplasty open reshaping of the posterior cranial vault did not affect abnormal SEP-EEG recordings. We have abandoned the operations in deformational plagiocephaly patients due to findings suggesting that expanding cranioplasty is not beneficial for brain function in this patient group.

Allergic to Pool Water

Stenveld, Harma Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2012 Safety and health at work Vol.3 No.2

To identify the allergy problem of a 36-year old swimming instructor, who experiences heavy itching and rashes whenever she comes in contact with pool water. Patch tests were performed with European standard series and materials from the work floor. A positive patch test to aluminum chloride and flocculant was observed. Occupational dermatitis is, based on a contact allergy to aluminum chloride in the flocculant.

Knowledge Level of Working and Student Nurses on Cervical Cancer and Human Papilloma Virus Vaccines

Topan, Aysel,Ozturk, Ozlem,Eroglu, Hulya,Bahadir, Ozgur,Harma, Muge,Harma, Mehmet Ibrahim Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.6

Purpose: To determine knowledge levels of working and student nurses about cervical cancer and prophylactic cancer vaccines. Materials and Methods: This study was performed on 259 nursing students in the Department of Nursing and 137 nurses working in Health Research and Practice Center, approved to participate in the study between April-June 2012. The study was performed universally without selecting a sample. A questionnaire that was prepared for evaluating participants' knowledge and attitudes about human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine was distributed to the nurses and data obtained from the forms were transferred to SPSS 15.00 program and statistically analyzed. Results: It was found that 54.8% of the student nurses were between 21-24 years old and 13.1% of working students were between 25-28 years old. When student nurses and working nurses were compared in terms of their knowledge about the causes of cervical cancer, their ideas about prevention from cervical cancer with HPV vaccine, their ideas about possible risks of HPV vaccine and conservation ratios of HPV vaccine, it was observed that there were no statistically significant differences (p>0.05). When student nurses and working nurses were compared in terms of the information-source about HPV, ways of HPV contamination, awareness about people who are susceptible to HPV contamination and age of HPV vaccination, it was determined that there was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). Conclusions: It was found that all nurses had some knowledge about cervical cancer and HPV vaccine, but this was not sufficient. Therefore; it is recommended to use verbal, written and visual communication tools intensively in order to have topics on cervical cancer, early diagnosis and prevention in bachelor and master programs for nurses, to inform society about cervical cancer and HPV vaccine for public health and to teach precautions for its prevention.

Dysfunctional Social Reinforcement Processing in Disruptive Behavior Disorders: An Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Soonjo Hwang,Harma Meffert,Michelle R. VanTieghem,Stephen Sinclair,Susan Y. Bookheimer,Brigette Vaughan,R. J. R. Blair 대한정신약물학회 2018 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.16 No.4

Objective: Prior functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) work has revealed that children/adolescents with disruptive behavior disorders (DBDs) show dysfunctional reward/non-reward processing of non-social reinforcements in the context of instrumental learning tasks. Neural responsiveness to social reinforcements during instrumental learning, despite the importance of this for socialization, has not yet been previously investigated. Methods: Twenty-nine healthy children/adolescents and 19 children/adolescents with DBDs performed the fMRI social/ non-social reinforcement learning task. Participants responded to random fractal image stimuli and received social and non-social rewards/non-rewards according to their accuracy. Results: Children/adolescents with DBDs showed significantly reduced responses within the caudate and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) to non-social (financial) rewards and social non-rewards (the distress of others). Connectivity analyses revealed that children/adolescents with DBDs have decreased positive functional connectivity between the ventral striatum (VST) and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) seeds and the lateral frontal cortex in response to reward relative to non-reward, irrespective of its sociality. In addition, they showed decreased positive connectivity between the vmPFC seed and the amygdala in response to non-reward relative to reward. Conclusion: These data indicate compromised reinforcement processing of both non-social rewards and social non-rewards in children/adolescents with DBDs within core regions for instrumental learning and reinforcement-based decision- making (caudate and PCC). In addition, children/adolescents with DBDs show dysfunctional interactions between the VST, vmPFC, and lateral frontal cortex in response to rewarded instrumental actions potentially reflecting disruptions in attention to rewarded stimuli.

Neurodevelopmental Changes in Social Reinforcement Processing: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Soonjo Hwang,Harma Meffert,Michelle R. VanTieghem,Stuart F. White,Stephen Sinclair,Susan Y. Bookheimer,James Blair 대한정신약물학회 2017 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.15 No.4

Objective: In the current study we investigated neurodevelopmental changes in response to social and non-social reinforcement. Methods: Fifty-three healthy participants including 16 early adolescents (age, 10-15 years), 16 late adolescents (age, 15-18 years), and 21 young adults (age, 21-25 years) completed a social/non-social reward learning task while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging. Participants responded to fractal image stimuli and received social or non-social reward/non-rewards according to their accuracy. ANOVAs were conducted on both the blood oxygen level dependent response data and the product of a context-dependent psychophysiological interaction (gPPI) analysis involving ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and bilateral insula cortices as seed regions. Results: Early adolescents showed significantly increased activation in the amygdala and anterior insula cortex in response to non-social monetary rewards relative to both social reward/non-reward and monetary non-rewards compared to late adolescents and young adults. In addition, early adolescents showed significantly more positive connectivity between the vmPFC/bilateral insula cortices seeds and other regions implicated in reinforcement processing (the amygdala, posterior cingulate cortex, insula cortex, and lentiform nucleus) in response to non-reward and especially social non-reward, compared to late adolescents and young adults. Conclusion: It appears that early adolescence may be marked by: (i) a selective increase in responsiveness to non-social, relative to social, rewards; and (ii) enhanced, integrated functioning of reinforcement circuitry for non-reward, and in particular, with respect to posterior cingulate and insula cortices, for social non-reward.

Volumetric growth analysis of maxillary sinus using computed tomography scan segmentation: a pilot study of Indonesian population

Erli Sarilita,Yurika Ambar Lita,Harry Galuh Nugraha,Nani Murniati,Harmas Yazid Yusuf 대한해부학회 2021 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.54 No.4

The aim of this study is to investigate the volumetric measurements of the maxillary sinus among Indonesian population through computed tomography (CT) scan semi-automated segmentation. This project collected 802 retrospective head CT scan archives from Department of Radiology, Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia between 2019-2020. Patients with craniofacial anomalies/pathology fracture in proximity of the maxillary sinuses, and mediocre image quality were excluded from this study resulting only 97 CT scan archives (194 maxillary sinuses; 52 males; 45 females; age range 0-25 years old). Three-dimensional craniofacial structures were reconstructed and volumetric measurements of the maxillary sinus were computed through semi-automated segmentation using ITK-SNAP. This study recorded the initial phase of maxillary sinus pneumatization during infancy. The maxillary sinus developed until reaching the maximum of average maxillary sinus volume at 13,278.73 mm3 in 16 to 20 years old group in which afterwards fell to 12,325.21 mm3. There was no difference found between right and left maxillary sinus volume. This study revealed that the pneumatization of maxillary sinus begin during infancy and climb until reaching the second decade of life, in which after that slowly decrease. Moreover, no difference between right and left maxillary sinus volume was detected. The volumetric dimension of maxillary sinus presented in this study may serve as the basis knowledge surgical intervention of maxillary sinus and its related structures.

Adjuvant Treatment Modalities, Prognostic Predictors and Outcomes of Uterine Carcinosarcomas

Kemal Gungorduk,Aykut Ozdemir,Ibrahim E. Ertas,Mehmet Gokcu,Elcin Telli,Tufan Oge,Ahmet Sahbaz,Sevil Sayhan,Muzaffer Sanci,Mehmet Harma,Sinan Ozalp 대한암학회 2015 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.47 No.2

Purpose The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics, treatment,and prognosis of uterine carcinosarcoma (UC). Materials and MethodsA retrospective review of three cancer registry databases in Turkey was conducted foridentification of patients diagnosed with UC between January 1, 1996, and December 31,2012. We collected clinicopathological data in order to evaluate factors important in disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). ResultsA total of 66 patients with UC with a median age of 65.0 years were included in the analysis. The median survival time of all patients was 37.5 months and the 5-year OS rate was 59.1%. In early stage patients (I-II) who received adjuvant chemotherapy (CT) with radiation therapy(RT), the median DFS and OS was 44 months and 55 months, respectively, compared to34.5 months and 36 months, respectively, in patients who received adjuvant RT or CT alone(hazard ratio [HR], 1.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.7 to 3.1 for DFS; p=0.23 and HR,2.2; 95% CI, 0.9 to 5.3 for OS; p=0.03). In advanced stage patients (III-IV), the median DFSand OS of patients receiving adjuvant RT with CT was 25 months and 38 months, respectively,compared to 23.5 months and 24.5 months, respectively, in patients receivingadjuvant RT or CT alone (HR, 3.1; 95% CI, 0.6 to 16.0 for DFS; p=0.03); (HR, 3.3; 95% CI,0.7 to 15.0 for OS; p=0.01). In multivariate analysis, advanced International Federation ofGynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage and suboptimal surgery showed significant associationwith poor OS. ConclusionIn patients with early or advanced stage UC, adjuvant CT with RT is associated with improvedDFS and OS, as compared to CT or RT alone.