The Political Opportunity Structure of Chinese Villages: A Case Study of Rightful Resistance in Northwest China

Guo Pengpeng,René Trappel,Han Guoming 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 2021 ASIAN PERSPECTIVE Vol.45 No.3

How does “rightful resistance” take place in contemporary rural China? The continuously evolving village election system, the abolishment of the agricultural tax, and a new insistence on fighting corruption seemingly have created more space for the rural population in China to defend its rights. However, the central state’s emphasis on solving the socalled three rural issues (sannong wenti 三农问题)—raising incomes and welfare for the rural population, modernizing the countryside, and developing industrialized and modern agriculture—in a top-down manner and the continued use of “project-based management” have also greatly decreased the ability of the rural population to influence the agenda of the state and have thereby increased the potential for friction between the local state and its rural citizens. This article is a case study of a dispute between villagers and local cadres about the implementation of a reforestation project. While the case shows that villagers have several avenues for protest, it also hints at the low effectiveness of their protest and the continued existence of important structural obstacles dealing with different levels of the administration, including the atomization of villagers, the volatile nature of their interest coalition, and a profound lack of allies in society.

Cost-Effectiveness of Endovascular Thrombectomy in Childhood Stroke: An Analysis of the Save ChildS Study

Wolfgang G. Kunz,Peter B. Sporns,Marios N. Psychogios,Jens Fiehler,René Chapot,Franziska Dorn,Astrid Grams,Andrea Morotti,Patricia Musolino,Sarah Lee,André Kemmling,Hans Henkes,Omid Nikoubashman,Marti 대한뇌졸중학회 2022 Journal of stroke Vol.24 No.1

Background and Purpose The Save ChildS Study demonstrated that endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is a safe treatment option for pediatric stroke patients with large vessel occlusions (LVOs) with high recanalization rates. Our aim was to determine the long-term cost, health consequences and cost-effectiveness of EVT in this patient population. Methods In this retrospective study, a decision-analytic Markov model estimated lifetime costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). Early outcome parameters were based on the entire Save ChildS Study to model the EVT group. As no randomized data exist, the Save ChildS patient subgroup with unsuccessful recanalization was used to model the standard of care group. For modeling of lifetime estimates, pediatric and adult input parameters were obtained from the current literature. The analysis was conducted in a United States setting applying healthcare and societal perspectives. Probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed. The willingness-to-pay threshold was set to $100,000 per QALY. Results The model results yielded EVT as the dominant (cost-effective as well as cost-saving) strategy for pediatric stroke patients. The incremental effectiveness for the average age of 11.3 years at first stroke in the Save ChildS Study was determined as an additional 4.02 lifetime QALYs, with lifetime cost-savings that amounted to $169,982 from a healthcare perspective and $254,110 when applying a societal perspective. Acceptability rates for EVT were 96.60% and 96.66% for the healthcare and societal perspectives. Conclusions EVT for pediatric stroke patients with LVOs resulted in added QALY and reduced lifetime costs. Based on the available data in the Save ChildS Study, EVT is very likely to be a cost-effective treatment strategy for childhood stroke.

The Effects of Swiping Orientation on Preference and Willingness to Pay: The Interaction Between Touch Interface and Need-For-Touch

Ren, Han,Kang, Hyunmin,Ryu, Soohyun,Han, Kwanghee Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility 2017 감성과학 Vol.20 No.4

The current study examined the influence of individual trait such as Need-For-Touch level (NFT; high vs. low) and swiping orientation (vertical vs. horizontal) on product evaluation and preference when using touch-screen interface like a smart phone and a tablet. Swiping is one of the most common interaction techniques for changing pages or searching some aligned pictures on touch-screen interface and it can be used in vertical and horizontal orientations. The experiment revealed a significant interaction between swiping orientation and NFT on preference, however the interaction on change-in-price of given products was only marginally significant. To be specific, high NFT participants reported higher preference for horizontal-swipe than vertical-swipe products, but such difference did not occur with low NFT participants. The current study illustrates the influence of swiping orientation and NFT on product preference and it provides a new perspective of design principles especially for online shopping websites.

The Effects of Swiping Orientation on Preference and Willingness to Pay: The Interaction Between Touch Interface and Need-For-Touch

Han Ren,강현민,류수현,한광희 한국감성과학회 2017 감성과학 Vol.20 No.4

The current study examined the influence of individual trait such as Need-For-Touch level (NFT; high vs. low) and swiping orientation (vertical vs. horizontal) on product evaluation and preference when using touch-screen interface like a smart phone and a tablet. Swiping is one of the most common interaction techniques for changing pages or searching some aligned pictures on touch-screen interface and it can be used in vertical and horizontal orientations. The experiment revealed a significant interaction between swiping orientation and NFT on preference,however the interaction on change-in-price of given products was only marginally significant. To be specific, high NFT participants reported higher preference for horizontal-swipe than vertical-swipe products, but such difference did not occur with low NFT participants. The current study illustrates the influence of swiping orientation and NFT on product preference and it provides a new perspective of design principles especially for online shopping websites.

Does how you say it change how you think it? Exploring the arrow of time in Chinese speakers

Han Ren,Kwanghee Han 한국HCI학회 2017 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.2

Spatiotemporal association has been revealed in a lot of studies. People tend to associate abstract concepts such as time with spatial metaphor for better understanding. Language one speaks may have huge influence on the spatiotemporal mapping. There are a lot of horizontal metaphors of time in many languages but not so many vertical terms. In Chinese words, there are some special ways of associating past with up, future with down. The current study focuses on the special mapping and aims at exploring whether the vertical terms in word brings according influences on mind. In the current study, time information is represented in two different directions on three axes – left-right, up-down, and front-back – and the reaction time of information memorizing tasks is collected and analyzed. The experiment result reveals an incongruent pattern with the hypothesis that Chinese speakers may think of time in a vertical way due to special vertical spatiotemporal mapping in language, and an unexpected new finding of an opposite association on left-right axis also brings new thinking and inspiration.

Association of MDR1 Gene Polymorphisms with Susceptibility to Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Chinese Population

Ren, Yong-Qiang,Han, Ju-Qiang,Cao, Jian-Biao,Li, Shao-Xiang,Fan, Gong-Ren Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.11

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of MDR1 gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: A total of 689 HCC patients and 680 cancer-free subjects were enrolled. Human MDR1 gene polymorphisms were investigated by created restriction site-polymerase chain reaction (CRS-PCR) and DNA sequencing methods. Multiple logistic regression models were applied to estimate the association between MDR1 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to HCC. Results: We detected a novel c.4125A>C polymorphism and our findings suggested that this variant was significantly associated with susceptibility to HCC. A significantly increased susceptibility to HCC was noted in the homozygote comparison (CC versus AA: OR=1.621, 95% CI 1.143-2.300, ${\chi}^2$=7.4095, P=0.0065), recessive model (CC versus AC+AA: OR=1.625, 95% CI 1.167-2.264, ${\chi}^2$=8.3544, P=0.0039) and allele contrast (C versus A: OR=1.185, 95% CI 1.011-1.389, ${\chi}^2$=4.4046, P=0.0358). However, no significant increase was observed in the heterozygote comparison (AC versus AA: OR=0.995, 95% CI 0.794-1.248, ${\chi}^2$=0.0017, P=0.9672) and dominant model (CC+AC versus AA: OR=1.106, 95% CI 0.894-1.369, ${\chi}^2$=0.8560, P=0.3549). Conclusions: These findings suggest that the c.4125A>C polymorphism of the MDR1 gene might contribute to susceptibility to HCC in the Chinese population. Further work will be necessary to clarify the relationship between the c.4125A>C polymorphism and susceptibility to HCC on larger populations of diverse ethnicity.

Investigation of the Voltage Collapse Mechanism in Three-Phase PWM Rectifiers

Ren, Chunguang,Li, Huipeng,Yang, Yu,Han, Xiaoqing,Wang, Peng The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2017 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.17 No.5

Three-phase pulse width modulation (PWM) rectifiers are usually designed under the assumption of ideal ac power supply and input inductance. However, non-ideal circuit parameters may lead to a voltage collapse of PWM rectifiers. This paper investigates the mechanism of voltage collapse in three-phase PWM rectifiers. An analytical stability boundary expression is derived by analyzing the equilibrium point of the averaging state space model, which can not only accurately locate the voltage collapse boundary in the circuit parameter domain, but also reveal the essential characteristic of the voltage collapse. Results are obtained and compared with those of the trial-error method and the Jacobian method. Based on the analysis results, the system parameters can be divided into two categories. One of these categories affects the critical point, and other affects only the instability process. Furthermore, an effective control strategy is proposed to prevent a vulnerable system from being driven into the instability region. The analysis results are verified by the experiments.

Top-squark in natural SUSY under current LHC run-2 data

Han, Chengcheng,Ren, Jie,Wu, Lei,Yang, Jin Min,Zhang, Mengchao Springer-Verlag 2017 European Physical Journal C Vol.77 No.2

<P>We utilize the recent LHC-13 TeV data to study the lower mass bound on the top-squark (stop) in natural supersymmetry. We recast the LHC sparticle inclusive search of (>= 1) jets+E-T with alpha(T) variable, the direct stop pair search (1-lepton channel and all-hadronic channel) and the monojet analyses. We find that these searches are complementary depending on stop and higgsino masses: for a heavy stop the all-hadronic stop pair search provides the strongest bound, for an intermediate stop the inclusive SUSY analysis with alpha(T) variable is most efficient, while for a compressed stop-higgsino scenario the monojet search plays the key role. Finally, the lower mass bound on a stop is: (1) 320 GeV for compressed stop-higgsino scenario (mass splitting less than 20 GeV); (2) 765 (860) GeV for higgsinos lighter than 300 (100) GeV.</P>

In Vivo and In Vitro Anti-inflammatory Activities of ${\alpha)$-linolenic Acid Isolated from Actinidia Polygama Fruits

Ren, Jie,Han, Eun-Jung,Chung, Sung-Hyun 대한약학회 2007 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.30 No.6

The fruit of Actinidia Polygama (AP) has long been used as a folk medicine in Korea for the treatment of pain, rheumatoid arthritis and inflammation. In the present study, bioassay-guided fractionation of AP led to the separation and identification of a polyunsaturated fatty acid, ${\alpha}$-linolenic acid (ALA), which was found to show anti-inflammatory activity. The anti-inflammatory effects of ALA, using acetic acid or carrageenan-induced inflammation models, were investigated in mice or rats, respectively. ALA significantly inhibited the acetic acid-induced vascular permeability in a dose dependent manner (34.2 and 37.7% inhibition at doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg, respectively). ALA also significantly reduced a rat paw edema induced by a single treatment of carrageenan. To investigate the mechanism of the anti-inflammatory action of ALA, the effects of ALA on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced responses In the murine macrophages cell line, RAW 264.7, were examined. Exposure of LPS-stimulated cells to ALA inhibited the accumulation of nitrite and prostaglandin E$_2$ (PGE$_2$) in the culture medium. Consistent with these observations, the protein and mRNA expression levels of iNOS and COX-2enzyme were markedly inhibited by ALA in a dose dependent manner. These results suggest that the anti-inflammatory activity of ALA might be due to the suppression of the expressions of iNOS and COX-2 mRNA.

Application of Micro-ELISA Technique for Detection of Specific IgM in Russian Spring Summer Encephalitis Patients

Ren Dongxian,Han Houzhe,Xu Jiliu 대한바이러스학회 1991 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.21 No.1