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Influence of work and family environments on burnout among emergency medical technicians
Haruna Junpei,Uemura Shuji,Taguchi Yukiko,Muranaka Saori,Niiyama Sachi,Inamura Hirotoshi,Sawamoto Keigo,Mizuno Hirotoshi,Narimatsu Eichi 대한응급의학회 2023 Clinical and Experimental Emergency Medicine Vol.10 No.3
Objective: Burnout among emergency medical technicians is a serious problem affecting delivery of quality emergency medical services. Although the repetitive nature of the job and lower education level requirements for technicians have been reported as risk factors, little is known about the influence of burden of responsibility, degree of supervisor support, and home environment on burnout among emergency medical technicians. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that burden of responsibility, degree of supervisor support, and home environment increase burnout probability. Methods: A web-based survey was conducted among emergency medical technicians in Hokkaido, Japan from July 26, 2021 to September 13, 2021. A total of 21 facilities were randomly selected from 42 fire stations. Prevalence of burnout was measured using the Maslach Burnout-Human Services Survey Inventory (MBI-HSS). Burden of responsibility was measured using a visual analog scale. Occupational background was also measured. Supervisor support was measured using the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire (BJSQ). Family-work negative spillover was measured using the Japanese version of Survey Work–Home Interaction–NijmeGen (SWING). The cutoff value for burnout syndrome was defined as emotional exhaustion≥27 and/or depersonalization≥10. Results: A total of 700 survey respondents were included, and 27 surveys with missing data were excluded. The suspected burnout frequency was 25.6%. Covariates were adjusted using multilevel logistic regression model analysis. Low supervisor support (odds ratio, 1.421; 95% confidence interval, 1.136–1.406; P<0.001) and high family-work negative spillover (odds ratio, 1.264; 95% confidence interval, 1.285–1.571; P<0.001) were independent factors associated with higher probability of burnout. Conclusion: This study indicated that focusing on improvement of supervisor support for emergency medical technicians and creating supportive home environments may assist in reducing burnout frequency.
Stress Corrosion Cracking of Annealed Carbon Steel in Aqueous Bicarbonate Solution
Haruna, Takumi,Zhu, Liehong,Murakami, Makoto,Shibata, Toshio 한국부식방식학회 2002 Corrosion Science and Technology Vol.31 No.4
Effects of potential and concentration of bicarbonate on stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of annealed SM400B carbon steel has been investigated in bicarbonate solutions at 343 K. A potentiostatic slow strain rate testing apparatus equipped with a charge coupled device camera system was employed to evaluate SCC susceptibility from the viewpoint of the crack initiation as well as propagation. Surface of the specimen annealed at more than 1073 K for 3.6 ks had decarburized layer of about 500 ㎛ thickness, and suffered SCC in bicarbonate solutions. In 1 M bicarbonate solution, a lot of cracks were observed in the potential range from -800 to 600㎷_(Ag/AgCl-). In the range, both initiation and propagation of the cracks were most accelerated at -600㎷_(Ag/AgCl-). While, under a constant applied potential of -600㎷, many cracks were observed in the concentration range from 0.001 to 1 M, and both initiation and propagation of the cracks were suppressed as the oncentration decreased. Polarization curves for the decarburized specimen were measured by two different scan rates. The potential showing larger difference between the current densities measured at the two scan rates predicts that of high susceptibility of SCC initiation. It was found that the potential where large difference between the current densities was -600㎷_(Ag/AgCl-) for 1M bicarbonate solution, and increased with decrease in the concentration. This suggests that the applied potential of -600㎷_(Ag/AgCl-) provides high SCC susceptibility for 1 M bicarbonate solution, and decrease in the concentration reduces the SCC susceptibility at -600㎷_(Ag/AgCl-). These predictions was in good agreement with the empirical SCC results depending on the potential as well as the concentration.
( Haruna Matsuda-hirose ),( Tomoko Yamate ),( Mizuki Goto ),( Akira Katoh ),( Hiroyuki Kouji ),( Yuya Yamamoto ),( Takashi Sakai ),( Naoto Uemura ),( Takashi Kobayashi ),( Yutaka Hatano ) 대한피부과학회 2019 Annals of Dermatology Vol.31 No.6
Background: The canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is a fundamental regulatory system involved in various biological events. ICG-001 selectively blocks the interaction of β-catenin with its transcriptional co-activator cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CBP). Recent studies have provided convincing evidence of the inhibitory effects of ICG-001 on Wnt-driven disease models, such as organ fibrosis, cancer, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and asthma. However, the effects of ICG-001 in atopic dermatitis (AD) have not been investigated. Objective: To investigate whether β-catenin/CBP-dependent signaling was contributed in the pathogenesis of AD and ICG-001 could be a therapeutic agent for AD. Methods: We examined the effects of ICG-001 in an AD-like murine model generated by repeated topical application of the hapten, oxazolone (Ox). ICG-001 or vehicle alone was injected intraperitoneally every day during the development of AD-like dermatitis arising from once-daily Ox treatment. Results: Ox-induced AD-like dermatitis characterized by increases in transepidermal water loss, epidermal thickness, dermal thickness accompanied by increased myofibroblast and mast cell counts, and serum levels of thymic stromal lymphopoietin and thymus and activation- regulated chemokine, and decreases in stratum corneum hydration, were virtually normalized by the treatment with ICG-001. Elevated serum levels of periostin tended to be downregulated, without statistical significance. Conclusion: These results suggest that β-catenin/CBP-dependent signaling might be involved in the pathogenesis of AD and could be a therapeutic target. (Ann Dermatol 31(6) 631∼639, 2019)
Haruna Ishikawa 한국생태학회 2011 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.34 No.3
Many studies have suggested the positive effects of grazing by large herbivorous mammals on seed dispersal, but little is known about how herbivores could affect the fate of ingested seeds. This study examined the effects of seed ingestion by sika deer (Cervus nippon) on seed fate in a temperate grassland established in an urban park long resided by high densities of sika deer. I compared species composition and seasonal traits of seed abundance and maturity in the grassland community with those in deer fecal pellets. In total, 27 herbaceous species were observed, including the predominant Zoysia japonica. Seed phenology and production differed among the three dominant species (Z. japonica, Digitaria violascens, and Hydrocotyle maritima). Pellets contained at least 26 species of herbaceous seeds, and their abundance differed among species. Of the 26 species, 15 were observed in the vegetation at the study site. The peak of seed abundance in pellets for the dominant species appeared 1 month after the peak of inflorescence production (but most of the inflorescences were immature and susceptible to digestion) and consequently corresponded to the peak of mature inflorescence. Because sika deer are likely to ingest seeds at any maturity stage in the grassland and immature seeds are less hardened, ingested immature seeds can suffer great losses. The results suggested that the survival of germable seeds with great losses of immature seeds may be a factor determining which plant species can be successfully dispersed by herbivores.
Recent advances in catalytic oxidative desulfurization of fuel oil – A review
Abdurrashid Haruna,Zulkifli Merican Aljunid Merican,Suleiman Gani Musa 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.112 No.-
Sulfur affects fuel quality, and the burning of fuel containing sulfur compounds caused adverse effects onhumans and the environment. Nowadays, research has shifted focus to the development of desulfurizationtechnologies to cut the sulfur content to permissible limits for gasoline and diesel. Although varioustechnologies developed for oil treatment in petrochemical industries are not very effective and unable tocomply with the standard recommended values. In recent times, catalytic ODS has been identified as oneof the most suitable, effective, and sustainable technology for deep desulfurization. The development ofnew emerging class of hybrid organic–inorganic compounds of POM@MOF demonstrated great potentialas catalytic materials for ODS. This is due to the unique characteristics of high functionalization, stability,surface area, and porosity. This review provides an overview of sulfur-containing compounds in fuel andpresents a critical analysis of desulfurization methods and applications. This is followed by an in-depthanalysis of the recently developed strategies of POM@MOFs applications considering the emerging prospectsand advantages to overcome the drawbacks of pristine POMs and MOFs. The operating parametersaffecting catalytic activity have been discussed, and finally, the work provides future research directionsto increase the catalytic performance of POM@MOFs materials in desulfurization technology.
( Ahmad Haruna Abubakar ),( Noorhayati Mansor ),( Norhayati Abdullah ) 한국회계학회 2021 會計學硏究 Vol.46 No.6
This study examines whether the existence of a separate risk management committee can moderate the relationship between ownership structure (managerial, institutional, and foreign) on real earnings management. The data are obtained from 360 firm-year observations for five years (2015-2019). Panel Corrected Standard Error is employed to analyze the data studied. The findings show that the existence of risk management committee along with managerial ownership are likely to prevent managers from engaging in real earnings management. Additionally, despite the positive effect of institutional ownership and foreign ownership on real earnings management, the presence of risk management committee can influence institutional and foreign investors with short-term investment motives and exercise efficient monitoring and reduce the frequency of manipulating. The result give understanding to investors, regulators, and financial analyst that the moderating effect of risk management committee on the ownership structure (managerial, institutional, and foreign) would strengthen the corporate board monitoring and deter management from engaging in perpetual unethical practice such as earnings management