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Separation and Disposal for Spray Cans during Disaster and Non-disaster Times
( Misuzu Asari ),( Jyunya Yano ),( Shin-ichi Sakai ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2018 한국폐기물자원순환학회 심포지움 Vol.2018 No.1
Introduction: Responding to the large amount of waste produced during a disaster requires (as is the case too in disaster recovery) a perspective of not only the amount. but of the quality of waste as well. For example, in the disaster waste transport for the Kumamoto Earthquake, spray cans and gas canisters were likely the cause for the multiple fires which occurred. This led to responsible municipalities giving a strong call for proper waste separation to their residents. Therefore, in order to provide insight to future measures, this paper clarifies the separation and disposal activities of residents as well as their awareness, with a focus on spray cans and gas canisters. Methodology: We conducted a web-based questionnaire for 866 residents who have faced a disaster in the last three years as well as have experienced disaster waste management. Although in our questionnaire we ask about the separation and discharge of disaster wastes in general, here we introduce results concerning spray cans and gas canisters. Result and discussion: As shown in Figure 1, of the 866 residents who had faced a disaster and experienced disaster waste management, 3% (27 people) admitted to have managed spray cans or gas canisters that seemed to have contents remaining. When asked about their management procedures, 37% of respondents selected “Thinking it was dangerous, I released the gas and separated it from other items” - the most popular choice. On the other hand, when asked about whether they were familiar with how to dispose spray cans and gas canisters, or if they were aware of the points of caution shared by their municipalities, 37% of respondents selected “I was unaware”, while 44% selected “I do not remember them”. This indicates a lack of proper information sharing. Furthermore, we asked all questionnaire participants how they are managing products with remaining contents during non-disaster times. As shown in Figure 1, although many respondents plan to discharge the contained gas, it is clear that there are several locations for discharge. Though this would depend on the policy of the municipality residents live in, as it is not absolutely certain that such policies indicate discharge methods, it is apparent that spray cans and gas canisters are difficult products for residents to handle. Hereafter it is necessary to inform residents on how to discharge the remaining gas in spray cans and gas canisters through information sharing during disaster and non-disaster times, while, at the same time, being aware of discharge methods after a disaster has occurred and based on disaster conditions. Moreover, as accidents occur in succession, it is important to discuss with manufactures on how these sorts of goods are circulated.
( Misuzu Asari ),( Natsuko Kishimoto ),( Masayoshi Ogawa ),( George Titiulu ),( Makoto Tsukiji ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2015 한국폐기물자원순환학회 3RINCs초록집 Vol.2015 No.-
Honiara is a typical city which faces the waste problem. The amount of MSW is increasing because of the increase of population and change of lifestyle. Frequency of MSW collection is irregular still in official collected areas. Also, illegal residents increasingly expand their residential area into valley and marshland, where waste is not collated. More waste was scattered on the road, river and seashore. These situations may cause pollution and insanitary environment. As a starting point of the 3R project, a survey was conducted to grasp current situation of MSW collection. The aim is to research basic status of household waste collection point to share the result with city council and establish the suitable collection system. The method and result should be simple and inexpensive, so that normal digital camera with GPS system and other simple equipment were used in this survey. The availability of the method was also evaluated. Utilizing GPS data and google map, the routing and points of collection are radially visualized. There are some possibilities to utilize the information. For instance, information and data could be used for proper routing. In addition, we found geographical problems related to MSW collection from this survey. It suggests that the distance and gap of sea level between collected and uncollected area must be the big barrier. Additionally, it seems that this method can be useful in small island developing states (SIDS) and other developing countries.
Roles and relationship of local municipalities to develop effective disaster waste management system
( Misuzu Asari ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2019 한국폐기물자원순환학회 심포지움 Vol.2019 No.1
Introduction Responding to the large amount and various kinds of waste produced during a disaster requires (as is the case too in disaster recovery) an efficient preparedness. Especially, local municipalities (cities, towns and villages) have quite important role because they are basically responsible for disaster waste management. Then, national government has enforced the legal framework to encourage local municipalities, prefectures and other authorities to develop contingency plan for disaster waste management before the disaster (in normal time). However, it seems not easy for all municipalities to make a contingency plan nor develop and keep effective ones. Therefore, we tried to grasp the current situation about contingency planning for disaster waste management and discuss possible roles and relationships of stakeholders to improve effective preparedness. Methodology We distributed the questionnaire to 1,741 municipalities (cities, towns and villages) through the ministry of environment and collected in electric data in July 2018. Although in our questionnaire we ask about the preparedness, training and consciousness for disaster wastes management in general, here we introduce results concerning contingency planning. Result and discussion As shown in Figure 1, though of the 1,685 municipalities, half had already made a contingency plan for disaster waste management, the rest of half have no idea to make it. There might be several reasons, but it’s important to increase the number of municipalities who have a contingency plan as a first step. Figure 2 shows the portion of municipalities about contingency plan in each prefecture. This shows that in some prefectures (i. e. Toyama prefecture and Miyazaki prefecture) almost all municipalities have had a plan. However only 20 percent of municipalities have had in several prefectures. Especially small scale municipalities might not have enough man power and budget to develop contingency plan before the disaster by themselves. In such cases, prefectures have a potential to cooperate with local municipalities. We’ll make interview for outstanding prefectures and develop models of effective cooperation.