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Production of microbial lipid by <i>Cryptococcus curvatus</i> on rice straw hydrolysates
Park, Gwon Woo,Chang, Ho Nam,Jung, Kwonsu,Seo, Charles,Kim, Yeu-Chun,Choi, Jae Hyung,Woo, Hee Chul,Hwang, In-ju Elsevier 2017 Process biochemistry Vol.56 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Microbial biolipids/biodiesels derived from volatile fatty acids (VFAs) can be a valuable alternative to plant oils if optimum fermentation conditions are determined. VFAs were used for cell mass and microbial lipid production by <I>Cryptococcus curvatus</I>. The lipid content in the cells increased up to 48% and 28% in batch cultures with the use of 20g/L glucose and 6g/L of VFAs as the carbon source, respectively. In this study, <I>C. curvatus</I> used VFAs as a carbon source via anaerobic digestion of rice straw hydrolysates. VFAs produced from rice straw resulted in yield of 0.43g VFAs/g substrate and 40% higher specific growth rate(0.305h<SUP>−1</SUP>) than synthetic VFAs. The highest fatty acid composition observed was C18:1, was obtained using glucose and VFAs as the carbon source to yield a cetane number of 56–59, which is suitable for biodiesel production. The cost of microbial lipids was estimated to be 0.30–1.15 USD/L given 0–150 USD/ton of VFAs cost for a yield of 0.17g/g of lipids. Thus, VFAs can be a suitable carbon source for economical biodiesel production.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Rice straw, one of the most abundant agricultural byproduct biomass, can be converted to volatile fatty acids (VFAs) via anaerobic digestion. </LI> <LI> Microbial lipid can be produced from the rice-straw VFAs by an oleaginous yeast <I>Cryptococcus curvatus.</I>. </LI> <LI> Biomass and lipid content can be controlled by the pH and initial VFAs concentration. </LI> <LI> Specific growth rate of VFAs from rice straw hydrolysates is 40% higher than that of synthetic VFAs in yeast cultivation. </LI> <LI> Microbial lipid from the rice-straw VFAs has a potential of economic biodiesel production. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Park, Gwon Woo,Seo, Charles,Jung, Kwonsu,Chang, Ho Nam,Kim, Woong,Kim, Yeu-Chun Springer-Verlag 2015 BIOPROCESS AND BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING Vol.38 No.6
<P>Rice straw is one of the most abundant renewable energy sources available. Through anaerobic acidogenesis, the substance of rice straw can be converted to volatile fatty acids (VFAs). VFAs itself is of value and is a precursor to biofuels. Hence, it can be converted to mixed alcohols by addition of hydrogen, and biodiesel can be produced as a carbon source for oleaginous microorganism. To maximize VFAs production during anaerobic digestion (AD), response surface analysis (RSM) was carried out with respect to temperature, substrate concentration, and pH variables. Optimization results showed maximal VFAs concentration of 12.37 g/L at 39.23 C, 52.85 g/L of rice straw, and pH 10. In quantification of microbial community by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, the bacterial profile showed that the growth of methanogens was effectively inhibited by methanogenic inhibitors. Furthermore, 454 pyrosequencing showed that members of the Ruminococcaceae family, capable of hydrolyzing lignocellulosic biomass, were the most dominant species in many RSM trials. This study provided a useful insight on the biological improvement of AD performance through the combinational linkage between process parameters and microbial information.</P>
Terfenadine 과 Ketoconazole 을 복용한 후 발생한 Torsades de Pointes 2 례
박상준,이상훈,김기현,홍경표,김덕경,박승우,권현철,김준수,이원로,류재춘,박정의,주신배 대한내과학회 1998 대한내과학회지 Vol.54 No.1
Terfenadine is widely used because of nonsedating effect. But it could rarely provoke a potentially lethal ventricular tachyarrhythmia. Recently, we experienced two cases of torsades de pointes(TDP) occurred after combined use of terfenadine and ketoconazole in usual dose. In one case, 31-yr-old female presented palpitation and recurrent syncope of sudden onset after ingestion of terfenadine 60mg and ketoconzole 200mg 5 times. On attack, ECG showed a polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, and after attack, showed prolongation of QT interval and TU wave changes. Her laboratory findings were not contributory. TDP was controlled with MgSO₄ and isoproterenol infusion. Then, QT interval was normalized and no further episode occurred. In the other case, 32-yr-old female presented palpitation and recurrent syncope of sudden onset after ingestion of terfenadine 60mg and ketoconzole 200mg 5 times, ECG showed prolongation of QT interval and TU wave changes. Her laboratory findings were not contributory. TDP was controlled with MgSO₄ and isoproterenol infusion. Then, QT interval was normalized and no further episode occurred.
Park, Gwon Woo,Kim, Ilgook,Jung, Kwonsu,Seo, Charles,Han, Jong-In,Chang, Ho Nam,Kim, Yeu-Chun Springer-Verlag 2015 BIOPROCESS AND BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING Vol.38 No.8
<P>Rice straw is one of the most abundant renewable biomass sources and was selected as the feedstock for the production of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) from which microbial biodiesel can be produced. Two kinds of chemical pretreatments involving nitric acid and sodium hydroxide were investigated at 150?C with 20?min of reaction time. The nitric acid pretreatment generated the most hemicellulose hydrolyzate, while significant reduction of the lignin occurred with sodium hydroxide pretreatment. Anaerobic digestion of 20?g/L rice straw yielded 6.00 and 7.09?g VFAs/L with 0.5?% HNO3 and 2?% NaOH, respectively. The VFAs yield with 2?% NaOH was 0.35?g/g.</P>
Si Woo Park,Byoung Gwon Kim,Jung Woo Kim,Jung Woo Park,Jung Il Kim 대한직업환경의학회 2018 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.30 No.-
Background: The present study aims to compare the pulmonary function of residents of Seoul special city (Seoul) and Jeju special self-governing province including Jeju city and Seogwipo city (Jeju), characterized by vastly different annual average airborne particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less ≤10 μm (PM10) concentrations, with the annual average PM10 concentration in Seoul being significantly higher than that in Jeju. Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed the pulmonary function test results and sociodemographic data of Korean adults ≥19 years of age derived from the 4th KNHANES, 2007–2009. A total of 830 individuals residing in Seoul or Jeju were included in this study. T-tests were used to analyze predicted values of forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1p), predicted values of forced vital capacity (FVCp) and FEV1/FVC ratio (FEV1/FVC), as dependent variables, to examine the differences in the subjects’ pulmonary function according to the city of residence. Stratified analysis was then performed to adjust for variables potentially affecting pulmonary function. The analysis was performed on subjects as a group and also following stratification according to sex and other variables. Results: Seoul residents had a significantly lower FVCp than that of the Jeju residents (difference: 3.48%, p = 0.002). FEV1p, FVCp and FEV1/FVC of male Seoul residents were significantly lower than those of male Jeju residents (difference: 6.99, 5. 11% and 0.03, respectively; p < 0.001, p = 0.001, p = 0.001). In male subjects, statistically significant results were obtained even after adjusting the influence of other variables through stratified analysis. Conclusion: The present analysis was based on cross-sectional data collected at one point in time. Therefore, unlike longitudinal studies, it does not establish a clear causal association between the variables. Nevertheless, this study found that pulmonary function among subjects residing in Seoul was significantly decreased compared to that of subjects residing in Jeju.
습식산화반응을 통한 중력식반응기로부터의 슬러지 처리 및 유기산 생산 공정모사
박권우 ( Gwon Woo Park ),서태완 ( Tae Wan Seo ),이홍철 ( Hong-cheol Lee ),황인주 ( In-ju Hwang ) 한국화학공학회 2016 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.54 No.2
오늘날 폐수처리는 슬러지의 증가와 환경규제의 이유로 매우 중요해지고 있다. 슬러지처리는 폐수처리플랜트에 있어서 운영비의 50%를 차지하므로 슬러지 분해에 있어서 경제성 있는 방법이 대두되고 있다. 습식산화 반응은 폐수의 유기물을 효과적으로 제거해주고 슬러지 분해 뿐만 아니라 바이오연료의 전구체로 쓰일 수 있는 휘발성 유기산이 부산물로도 나온다. 습식산화 반응은 고온 고압의 높은 조건의 단점이 존재하지만 중력식 반응기를 통한 수두압으로 운영비를 줄일 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 상용프로그램인 Aspen Plus를 이용하여 아임계 조건에서 PSRK 상태방정식을 이용하여 공정모사 하였다. 중력식 반응기의 길이, 산화제 종류, 슬러지 유량과 산화제 주입 위치에 따라 사례 연구를 해보았으며 중력식 반응기 1000 m, 유량이 2 ton/h일 때에 유기물의 전환률은 92.02%, 유기산 효율은 0.17 g/g이였다. Efficacious wastewater treatment is essential for increasing sewage sludge volume and implementing strict environmental regulations. The operation cost of sludge treatment amounts up to 50% of the total costs for wastewater treatment plants, therefore, an economical sludge destruction method is crucially needed. Amid several destruction methods, wet air oxidation (WAO) can efficiently treat wastewater containing organic pollutants. It can be used not only for sludge destruction but also for useful by-product production. Volatile fatty acids (VFAs), one of many byproducts, is considered to be an important precursor of biofuel and chemical materials. Its high reaction condition has instituted the study of gravity pressure reactor (GPR) for an economical process of WAO to reduce operation cost. Simulation of subcritical condition was conducted using Aspen Plus with predictive Soave-Redlich-Kwong (PSRK) equation of state. Conjointly, simulation analysis for GPR depth, oxidizer type, sludge flow rate and oxidizer injection position was carried out. At GPR depth of 1000m and flow rate of 2 ton/h, the conversion and yield of VFAs were 92.02% and 0.17g/g, respectively.
Association between long working hours and serum gamma-glutamyltransferase levels in female workers
Seung-Gwon Park,Yong-Jin Lee,Jung-Oh Ham,Eun-Chul Jang,Seong-Woo Kim,Hyun Park 대한직업환경의학회 2014 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.26 No.-
Objectives: The present study investigated the association between long working hours and serum gammaglutamyltransferase (GGT) levels, a factor influencing the incidence of cardiovascular disease. Methods: Data from the fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010?2011) were used to analyze 1,809 women. Subjects were divided into three groups based on the number of weekly working hours: ≤29, 30?51, and ≥52 hours per week. Complex samples logistic regression was performed after adjusting for general and occupational factors to determine the association between long working hours and high serum GGT levels. Results: The prevalence of high serum GGT levels in groups with ≤29, 30?51, and ≥52 working hours per week was 22.0%, 16.9%, and 26.6%, respectively. Even after adjusting for general and occupational factors, those working 30?51 hours per week had the lowest prevalence of high serum GGT levels. Compared to those working 30?51 hours per week, the odds ratios (OR) of having high serum GGT levels in the groups with ≥52 and ≤29 working hours per week were 1.56 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10?2.23) and 1.53 (95% CI, 1.05?2.24), respectively. Conclusions: Long working hours were significantly associated with high serum GGT levels in Korean women.