http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Urbanization of Scrub Typhus Disease in South Korea
Park, Sang-Won,Ha, Na-Young,Ryu, Boyeong,Bang, Ji Hwan,Song, Hoyeon,Kim, Yuri,Kim, Gwanghun,Oh, Myoung-don,Cho, Nam-Hyuk,Lee, Jong-koo Public Library of Science 2015 PLoS neglected tropical diseases Vol.9 No.5
<▼1><P><B>Background</B></P><P>Scrub typhus is an endemic disease in Asia. It has been a rural disease, but indigenous urban cases have been observed in Seoul, South Korea. Urban scrub typhus may have a significant impact because of the large population.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Indigenous urban scrub typhus was epidemiologically identified in Seoul, the largest metropolitan city in South Korea, using national notifiable disease data from 2010 to 2013. For detailed analysis of clinical features, patients from one hospital that reported the majority of cases were selected and compared to a historic control group. Chigger mites were prospectively collected in the city using a direct chigger mite-collecting trap, and identified using both phenotypic and 18S rDNA sequencing analyses. Their infection with <I>Orientia tsutsugamushi</I> was confirmed by sequencing the 56-kDa antigen gene.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Eighty-eight cases of urban scrub typhus were determined in Seoul. The possible sites of infection were mountainous areas (56.8%), city parks (20.5%), the vicinity of one’s own residence (17.0%), and riversides (5.7%). Eighty-seven chigger mites were collected in Gwanak mountain, one of the suspected infection sites in southern Seoul, and seventy-six (87.4%) of them were identified as <I>Helenicula miyagawai</I> and eight (9.2%) as <I>Leptotrombidium scutellare</I>. Pooled DNA extracted from <I>H</I>. <I>miyagawai</I> mites yielded <I>O</I>. <I>tsutsugamushi</I> Boryong strain. Twenty-six patients from one hospital showed low APACHE II score (3.4 ± 2.7), low complication rate (3.8%), and no hypokalemia.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>We identified the presence of indigenous urban scrub typhus in Seoul, and a subgroup of them had mild clinical features. The chigger mite <I>H</I>. <I>miyagawai</I> infected with <I>O</I>. <I>tsutsugamushi</I> within the city was found. In endemic area, urban scrub typhus needs to be considered as one of the differential febrile diseases and a target for prevention.</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Author Summary</B></P><P>Scrub typhus is one of the high burdened infectious diseases in endemic rural areas. Our study showed that the disease could be endemic in urban areas. Indigenous urban scrub typhus may also have significant impact in terms of a disease burden and differential diagnosis. A low rate of characteristic eschar and skin rash may make the clinical suspicion more troublesome. Scrub typhus is the 3<SUP>rd</SUP> most frequent notifiable infectious disease in South Korea. Seoul is a densely populated capital city located in northwestern South Korea. We epidemiologically identified indigenous urban cases. A subgroup of them showed mild clinical characteristics. Direct mite collection from a suspected infection site, Mt. Gwanak in Seoul, showed that <I>Helenicula miyagawai</I> (87.4%) and <I>Leptotrombidium scutellare</I> (9.2%) were the dominant species. In addition, <I>O</I>. <I>tsutsugamushi</I>-specific gene, <I>tsa56</I>, was identified in a fraction of the collected <I>H</I>. <I>miyagawai</I>. The 18S rDNA sequencing of the chigger mites was complementarily helpful for the differentiation of species. Our data are from one region, but urban scrub typhus is likely a scenario in endemic areas. Urban areas should be included as possible locations for scrub typhus.</P></▼2>
朴光憲(Park Gwanghun) 미술사연구회 2020 미술사연구 Vol.- No.38
The Woodblocks of the Tripitaka Koreana 2nd edition are an important part of Korean history. It was designated as a UNESCO Memory of the World and has been recognized for its importance in the world. The quantity of woodblocks is known to be 81,325 sheets in a recent study, and 211 duplicate plates exist. Twenty printed copies of the duplicate woodblocks were examined in 2019. The study tried to distinguish the timing of duplicate editions by comparing printed copies at different times. Duplicate woodblocks can be divided into those without lines and those with lines. A wooden board without a line can be divided into Chinese character type of Koo Yangsoon’s Style and Jo Maengbu’s Style. Another study referred to the period of woodblocks of the Chinese character type of Jo Maengbu’s Style as the period between Goryeo 1381 and the operating period of Gangyeong-dogam of King Sejo in the Joseon Dynasty. However, in this study, the period was revealed in the middle of the 15th century through Chinese character type and the engraver. And the woodblocks of the Chinese character type of Jo Maengbu’s Style may have been written by King Sejo himself. It is not certain at this time. There is such a possibility, both historically and in the Chinese character type. Based on this study, if more printed copies of the Tripitaka Koreana 2nd edition are examined, it is expected that the timing of the duplicated woodblocks of the Tripitaka Koreana will be clear.
유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅 환경에서의 능동적 디스플레이 디바이스 변경
박종민(Jongmin Park),김광훈(Gwanghun Kim),이경민(Kyungmin Lee),이동만(Dongman Lee) 한국정보과학회 2006 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.33 No.2D
유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅 환경에서 사용자는 언제 어디서나 서비스를 제공받기를 원한다. 특히 멀티미디어 서비스의 경우 사용자의 위치가 변함에 따라 사용자와 가장 가까운 디스플레이를 통한 끊김없는(seamless) 멀티미디어 서비스를 요구한다. 본 논문은 이와 같이 다양한 디스플레이 디바이스를 통한 끊김없는 멀티미디어 서비스를 지원하기 위한 ADDC (Active Display Device Change) 프레임워크를 제안한다. 우리가 제안하는 프레임워크는 사용자의 위치에 따라 더 좋은 성능을 가진 최적의 디스플레이 디바이스를 검색하기 위하여 시맨틱(semantic) 서비스 디스커버리 기법을 이용하였다. 또한, 디스플레이 변경 시 능동적인 멀티미디어 세션 이동을 지원하는 핸드오프 관리자를 각 디스플레이 디바이스에 둔다. 마지막으로 디스플레이 디바이스의 특성을 고려한 멀티미디어 품질 적응(adaptation)을 위하여 트랜스코딩 서버를 이용한다. 제안한 프레임워크는 ICU에서 개발한 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅 환경을 위한 미들웨어인 Active Surroundings를 이용하여 구현하였다.
Resilient Video Streaming을 위한 향상된 혼잡 제어 기법
진현석(Hyunseok Jin),김광훈(Gwanghun Kim),박종민(Jongmin Park),이창환(Changhwan Lee),이동만(Dongman Lee) 한국정보과학회 2006 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.33 No.2D
멀티미디어 데이터를 이종의 수신자에게 안정적으로 전달하고자 하는 것은 인터넷에서 중요한 주제 중의 하나이다. 특히, 최근에 소개된 계층형 MDC(Layered Multiple Description Coding) 기법은 오버레이 멀티캐스트에서 이 문제를 효율적으로 해결하는데 중요한 접근방법이다. 그러나, 이 과정에서 저속 수렴(slow convergence)과 참가 실험(join experiment) 동안에의 손실과 같은 문제가 새롭게 발생하게 되었다. 본 논문에서는 비디오 스트리밍 서비스에서 위의 문제를 해결할 수 있는 효율적인 계층형 멀티캐스트 혼잡 제어 기법을 소개한다. 여기서 제시하는 기법의 가장 특징적인 점은 사용자가 수신할 계층(layer)의 수를 결정하기 위하여 패킷페어(packet-pair)방식에 기반한 수신률 조절 메커니즘을 사용하는 것이다. 결과적으로 본 논문에서는 수신자가 최적의 전송률에 빠르게 수렴하면서도 손실을 최소화할 수 있는 종단-대-종단간 혼잡 제어 기법을 제시한다.
제올라이트와 슬래그의 암모늄 및 중금속 동시제거 성능평가
오명학(Myounghak Oh),이광헌(Gwanghun Lee),김용우(Yongwoo Kim),박준범(Junboum Park) 한국토목섬유학회 2012 한국토목섬유학회 학술발표회 Vol.2012 No.4
On-site ground and wastewater treatment, permeable reactive barrier, is attracting attention as favourable method for treating them. The reactive barrier system containing various materials is necessary to purify many kinds of contaminants such as ammonium, cadmium and phosphate. Ammonium, cadmium and phosphate are targeted for removal. In this study a column test was performed to evaluate the removal efficiency of double sheeted column containg zeolite and steel-making slag against multiple contaminants in steady flow state. Zeolite and basic oxygen furnace slag are used as reactive materials. As a result, zeolite-basic oxygen furnace slag sequence batch test shows the best efficiency for multiple contamination removal.