Association of Bisphenol A and Its Substitutes, Bisphenol F and Bisphenol S, with Obesity in United States Children and Adolescents

Buyun Liu,Hans-Joachim Lehmler,Yangbo Sun,Guifeng Xu,Qi Sun,Linda G. Snetselaar,Robert B. Wallace,Wei Bao 대한당뇨병학회 2019 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.43 No.1

Background: Bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol S (BPS) are increasingly used as substitutes for bisphenol A (BPA), an environmental obesogen. However, health effects of BPF and BPS remain unclear. In this study, we evaluated the associations of BPA, BPF, and BPS with obesity in children and adolescents. Methods: We used data from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013 to 2014, a nationally representative study. We included 745 participants aged 6 to 17 years old. General obesity was defined based on the 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention body mass index-for-age growth charts for the United States. Abdominal obesity was defined as waist-toheight ratio ≥0.5. Results: After adjustment for demographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle factors, and urinary creatinine levels, the odds ratio of general obesity comparing the highest with lowest quartile of urinary bisphenol levels was 1.74 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.92 to 3.31) for BPA, 1.54 (95% CI, 1.02 to 2.32) for BPF, and 1.36 (95% CI, 0.53 to 3.51) for BPS. Moreover, the associations were stronger in boys than in girls for BPA and BPF. Similar results were observed for abdominal obesity. Conclusion: This study for the first time showed that exposure to BPF, a commonly used substitute for BPA, was positively associated with higher risk of obesity in children and adolescents. The association of BPA and BPF with general and abdominal obesity was primarily observed in boys, suggesting a possible sex difference. Further investigations on the underlying mechanisms are needed.

Fault-Tolerant Control for 5L-HNPC Inverter-Fed Induction Motor Drives with Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control Based on Hierarchical Optimization

Chunjie Li,Guifeng Wang,Fei Li,Hongmei Li,Zhenglong Xia,Zhan Liu 전력전자학회 2019 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.19 No.4

This paper proposes a fault-tolerant control strategy with finite control set model predictive control (FCS-MPC) based onhierarchical optimization for five-level H-bridge neutral-point-clamped (5L-HNPC) inverter-fed induction motor drives. Faulttolerantoperation is analyzed, and the fault-tolerant control algorithm is improved. Adopting FCS-MPC based on hierarchicaloptimization, where the voltage is used as the controlled objective, called model predictive voltage control (MPVC), the postfaultcontroller is simplified as a two layer control. The first layer is the voltage jump limit, and the second layer is the voltagefollowing control, which adopts the optimal control strategy to ensure the current following performance and uniqueness of theoptimal solution. Finally, simulation and experimental results verify that 5L-HNPC inverter-fed induction motor drives havestrong fault tolerant capability and that the FCS-MPVC based on hierarchical optimization is feasible.

Polymorphic Forms of Furosemide Characterized by THz Time Domain Spectroscopy

Ge, Min,Liu, Guifeng,Ma, Shihua,Wang, Wenfeng Korean Chemical Society 2009 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.30 No.10

Terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) is applied in transmission to identify the five forms of modifications of furosemide and one commercial product from 0.3 THz to 1.6 THz at room temperature. The different absorption spectra of the different forms are sensitive to crystal structures. Density function theory (DFT) calculation was used to understand the vibrational modes of furosemide in the THz region. X-ray powder diffractometry (XRPD) was applied to confirm the different forms of modifications. The results demonstrate that THz-TDS is a potential analytical technique in investigating polymorphic forms in the pharmaceutical fields.

Polymorphic Forms of Furosemide Characterized by THz Time Domain Spectroscopy

Min Ge,Shihua Ma,Guifeng Liu,Wenfeng Wang 대한화학회 2009 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.30 No.10

Terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) is applied in transmission to identify the five forms of modifications of furosemide and one commercial product from 0.3 THz to 1.6 THz at room temperature. The different absorption spectra of the different forms are sensitive to crystal structures. Density function theory (DFT) calculation was used to understand the vibrational modes of furosemide in the THz region. X-ray powder diffractometry (XRPD) was applied to confirm the different forms of modifications. The results demonstrate that THz-TDS is a potential analytical technique in investigating polymorphic forms in the pharmaceutical fields.

Fault-Tolerant Control for 5L-HNPC Inverter-Fed Induction Motor Drives with Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control Based on Hierarchical Optimization

Li, Chunjie,Wang, Guifeng,Li, Fei,Li, Hongmei,Xia, Zhenglong,Liu, Zhan The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2019 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.19 No.4

This paper proposes a fault-tolerant control strategy with finite control set model predictive control (FCS-MPC) based on hierarchical optimization for five-level H-bridge neutral-point-clamped (5L-HNPC) inverter-fed induction motor drives. Fault-tolerant operation is analyzed, and the fault-tolerant control algorithm is improved. Adopting FCS-MPC based on hierarchical optimization, where the voltage is used as the controlled objective, called model predictive voltage control (MPVC), the postfault controller is simplified as a two layer control. The first layer is the voltage jump limit, and the second layer is the voltage following control, which adopts the optimal control strategy to ensure the current following performance and uniqueness of the optimal solution. Finally, simulation and experimental results verify that 5L-HNPC inverter-fed induction motor drives have strong fault tolerant capability and that the FCS-MPVC based on hierarchical optimization is feasible.

Dynamic response of an overhead transmission tower–line system to high-speed train-induced wind

Meng Zhang,Ying Liu,Hao Liu,Guifeng Zhao 한국풍공학회 2022 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.34 No.4

The current work numerically investigates the transient force and dynamic response of an overhead transmission tower–line structure caused by the passage of a high-speed train (HST). Taking the CRH2C HST and an overhead transmission tower–line structure as the research objects, both an HST–transmission line fluid numerical model and a transmission tower–line structure finite element model are established and validated through comparison with experimental and theoretical data. The transient force and typical dynamic response of the overhead transmission tower–line structure due to HST-induced wind are analyzed. The results show that when the train passes through the overhead transmission tower–line structure, the extreme force on the transmission line is related to the train speed with a significant quadratic function relationship. Once the relative distance from the track is more than 15 m, the train-induced force is small enough to be ignored. The extreme value of the mid-span dynamic response of the transmission line is related to the train speed and span length with a significant linear functional relationship.

Fault-tolerant analysis of two boost inverters for open-end winding induction motor drives

Li, Chunjie,Wang, Guifeng,Li, Hongmei,Li, Fei,Xia, Zhenglong,Liu, Zhan The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2021 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.21 No.4

An open-end winding induction motor drive system fed by two boost inverters with fault-tolerant capability is presented to improve the reliability and safety of the drive system. The boost inverters consist of an impedance-source network and a two-level inverter. It can realize the boost/buck function. An analysis of its fault-tolerance is presented in detail. Short circuits and open circuits are commonly considered as the two main types of faults. Therefore, the fault types of the dual boost inverters are analyzed and diagnosed. Then, two different fault-tolerant schemes are presented. The presented fault-tolerant inverters are restructured through the power switch itself. In addition, different SVPWM methods are addressed. A simulation model and an experimental platform are constructed. Simulation and experimental results verify the fault tolerance of the drive system.

Genome-wide Transcriptome Profiling Reveals the Mechanism of the Effects of Uniconazole on Root Development in Glycine Max

Yiqiang HAN,Yamei GAO,Ying Shi,Jidao Du,Dianfeng Zheng,Guifeng Liu 한국식물학회 2017 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.60 No.4

Uniconazole, a plant growth retardant, possessesthe ability to improve quality and increase tolerance of plant. However, it is known little about the effects of uniconazoleon root. In this study, uniconazole treatments that were appliedthrough seed soaking, promoted soybean root development,and the microstructure of root showed increase of corticalthickness and cortex cell width. Meanwhile, the endogenoushormone content also altered in root after uniconazoletreatments. To obtain the molecular mechanism underlyingthe effects of uniconazole on root, we performed an RNAseqof roots harvested 3 days after uniconazole treatment. Through analyses of phytohormone-associated genes forendogenous hormones changes, we found that not only GAbiosynthesis pathway but also the regulation genes of thepathway were affected. Above all, the dominant pathwayplant hormone signal transduction may be the main factor ofthe cambium proliferation, in especial ethylene/ERF signalingpathway. Moreover, the transcriptome demonstrated differentiallyexpressed genes that determined cell division and cell wallmodification may be regulators of root growth. CLE signalingand receptor-like kinases may play a crucial role in the rootelongation. Besides, 177 transcription factors (TFs) wereinvolved in response to uniconazole. Taken together, allthese findings provide insights into the complex molecularmechanisms associated with root development after uniconazoletreatment.

Constructing polyurethane foams of strong mechanical property and thermostability by two novel environment friendly bio-based polyols

Zhenwu Kong,Shuping Huo,Guomin Wu,Jian Chen,Guifeng Liu 한국화학공학회 2016 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.33 No.3

Two novel cardanol-based polyols were synthesized and used to construct polyurethane (PU) foams. The cardanol-based polyols with high reactivity were obtained from the epoxidation of cardanol, followed by the ring opening reaction of epoxy group with diethanolamine (DEA). Subsequently, PU foams were synthesized by these cardanolbased polyols. Compared with petroleum-based (PEG) PU foams, these green cardanol-based PU foams exhibit better mechanical property and higher thermostability. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests show that the cells of cardanol- based PU foams are monodisperse, with fairly uniform spherical shape and regular size.