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Shizhong Xu,Xiong Wang,Guangxu Yang,Jing Ren,Sheng Wang 한국통신학회 2020 Journal of communications and networks Vol.22 No.2
Distributed in-network cloud architecture is a promisingsolution to efficiently host next generation internet-of-things (IoT)services. With the rapid increase of IoT devices and applications,the backhaul or backbone networks, which transmit IoT trafficto various in-network clouds, will experience a predicted explosionin the volume of carried traffic. To guarantee the QoS of IoTcloud services and improve the network performance, it is crucialfor network operator to implement efficient routing optimizationstrategies for IoT traffic. As a promising networking paradigm,software-defined networking (SDN) has flexible and programmablecontrol capability for fine-grained flows. The emergence of SDNpaves a way for implementing high-performance routing optimizationin networks. In SDN networks, the routing strategies are realizedthrough flow rules, which are usually stored in TCAM withvery limited capacity. However, the number of IoT flows are enormous. Thus, in this paper, we address the routing optimizationproblem in SDN-based IoT with TCAM capacity constraint. Wefirst formulate the problem as a mixed integer linear programmingproblem and prove the problem is NP-hard. Then to solve theproblem efficiently, we propose several approximate algorithms,which solve the problem in two stages. In the first stage, the algorithmscalculate the routing strategies for flows without consideringthe TCAM capacity constraint. To meet the TCAM capacityconstraint, the algorithms using different strategies to adjust thepaths of some flows in the second stage. Extensive simulations areconducted on both real ISP and synthetic topologies to evaluate theperformance of the algorithms. The simulation results verify thatthe algorithms can achieve promising load balancing performancein SDN-based IoT, where the capacity of TCAM in SDN switches isvery limited.
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Xi Chen,Jian-yang Xue,Hechao Li,Guangxu Tu,Xin Lu 대한토목학회 2023 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.27 No.10
Experimental and theoretical research on the rotational behavior of Multi-cell shaped concrete-filled steel tubular (MCFST) connection under low-period cyclic load is performed. The experimental results showed that the design parameters had significant effects on the elastic rotational stiffness of the connection, and affected the sequence and position of the plastic hinges appearance at the column and beam ends. Furthermore, the damage mechanism of the plastic hinge lines is obtained, and the simultaneous yielding for the plastic hinges results in the rapid increase of the beam end rotation. In order to handle the problem with irregular geometry boundary and uneven distribution of tightening-ring stresses a differential element of an unified material is proposed considering the effective tightening-ring stresses of special-shaped steel tube on confined concrete, which can be used to analyse the whole mechanical and damage performance of the connection. Combining unified design theory and experimental results, the calculation for the elastic bending rigidity of the connection is obtained. Finally, the moment-rotation relation model of the connection is proposed by regression analysis on experimental results, and the theoretical results are observed to agree well with the experimental results.
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