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Guan-Woo Kim,Yelim Choi,Hyuntae Choi,Jihyun Min,Jihyun Min 한국고분자학회 2021 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.46 No.2
With the unprecedented development of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), various interlayers have been investigated. Interlayers have diverse roles in shifting the energy levels, attracting and extracting charges, and passivating surface traps. These can improve the stability of PSCs, as well as their power conversion efficiency (PCE). In this study, a small molecular self-assembled monolayer (2-[carbamimidoyl(methyl)amino]acetic acid) is introduced on a SnO₂ layer. The acetic acid is known as creatine, existing naturally in the human body. It is eatable and dosed by athletes for energy. Due to its structural properties, creatine can be anchored on a SnO₂ layer, thus, it can strengthen the charge extraction from a perovskite layer by forming interface dipoles and reducing the work function. Also, it can passivate the defects in the perovskite layer. These properties are comprehensively investigated via various experimental techniques. With the creatine layer as a cathode interfacial layer on the SnO₂ layer, the PSC employing a triple cation-based perovskite achieves the highest PCE of 20.8% and retained 90% of it after 50 days. Furthermore, 22.1% of PCE is obtained from the formamidiniumbased perovskite. This report represents an interesting application of creatine as an interlayer in PSCs and suggests the possible application of other essential amino acids.
Kim, Guan Woo,Kim, Tae Hong,Lee, Jiho,Lee, Kun Sang Hindawi Limited 2018 Advances in civil engineering Vol.2018 No.-
<P>The viability of carbon capture sequestration (CCS) is dependent on the secure storage of CO2 in subsurface geologic formations. Geomechanical failure of caprock is one of the main reasons of CO2 leakage from the storage formations. Through comprehensive assessment on the petrophysical and geomechanical heterogeneities of caprock, it is possible to predict the risk of unexpected caprock failure. To describe the fracture reactivation, the modified Barton-Bandis model is applied. In order to generate hydro-geomechanically heterogeneous fields, the negative correlation between porosity and Young’s modulus/Poisson’s ratio is applied. In comparison with the homogeneous model, effects of heterogeneity are examined in terms of vertical deformation and the amount of leaked CO2. To compare the effects of heterogeneity, heterogeneous models for both geomechanical and petrophysical properties in coupled simulation are designed. After 10-year injection with petrophysically heterogeneous and geomechanically homogeneous caprock, CO2 leakage is larger than that of the homogeneous model. In contrast, heterogeneity of geomechanical properties is shown to mitigate additional escape of CO2. Vertical displacement of every heterogeneous model is larger than homogeneous model. The model with compressive tectonic stress shows much more stable trapping with heterogeneous caprock, but there is possibility of rapid leakage after homogeneous caprock failure.</P>
Kim, Guan-Woo,Kang, Gyeongho,Kim, Jinseck,Lee, Gang-Young,Kim, Hong Il,Pyeon, Limok,Lee, Jaechol,Park, Taiho The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Vol.9 No.7
<P>We report a dopant-free polymeric hole transport material (HTM) that is based on benzo[1,2-b:4,5:b']-dithiophene and 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole, which results in highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells (similar to 17.3% for over 1400 h at 75% humidity). The HTM comprises a random copolymer (RCP), which is characterized using UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, space-charge-limited current, and grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering. The RCP-based perovskite solar cell exhibits the highest efficiency (17.3%) in the absence of dopants [lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide and tert-butylpyridine]. The observed efficiency is attributed to a deep HOMO energy level and high hole mobility. In addition, the long-term stability of the device is dramatically improved by avoiding deliquescent or hygroscopic dopants and by introducing a hydrophobic polymer layer. RCP devices maintain their initial efficiency for over 1400 h at 75% humidity, whereas devices made of HTMs with additives fail after 900 h.</P>
Kim, Guan-Woo,Kang, Gyeongho,Malekshahi Byranvand, Mahdi,Lee, Gang-Young,Park, Taiho American Chemical Society 2017 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.9 No.33
<P>We demonstrate a simple and facile way to improve the efficiency and moisture stability of perovskite solar cells using commercially available hole transport materials, 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis-(N,N-di-4-methoxyphenylamino)-9,9'-spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD) and poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT). The hole transport layer (HTL) composed of mixed spiro-OMeTAD and P3HT exhibited favorable vertical phase separation. The hydrophobic P3HT was more distributed near the surface (the air atmosphere), whereas the hydrophilic spiro-OMeTAD was more distributed near the perovskite layer. This vertical separation resulted in improved moisture stability by effectively blocking moisture in air. In addition, the optimized composition of spiro-OMeTAD and P3HT improved the efficiency of the solar cells by enabling fast intramolecular charge transport. In addition, a suitable energy level alignment facilitated charge transfer. A device fabricated using the mixed HTL exhibited enhanced performance, demonstrating 18.9% power conversion efficiency and improved moisture stability.</P>
연구논문(硏究論文)(재록(再錄)) : 생명과학 ; 생체이용율이 증가된 cyclosporine A 함유 히알우로닉 미립구의 개발
우종수 ( Jong Soo Woo ),박명관 ( Ming Guan Piao ),이동훈 ( Dong Xun Le ),유동성 ( Dong Sung Ryu ),최준영 ( Jun Young Choi ),김정애 ( Jung Ae Kim ),김정훈 ( Jeong Hoon Kim ),진성규 ( Sung Giu Jin ),김대덕 ( Dae Duk Kim ),류원석 ( W 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2007 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.17 No.-
한지은 ( Ji Eun Han ),노명환 ( Myung Hwan Noh ),김우재 ( Woo Jae Kim ),김동균 ( Dong Kyun Kim ),남화성 ( Hwa Seung Nam ),노미숙 ( Mee Sook Noh ),김관우 ( Guan Woo Kim ) 대한소화기학회 2016 대한소화기학회지 Vol.67 No.1
Congenital cysts of the gallbladder are extremely rare, hence only a few ciliated foregut cysts of gallbladder have been reported.We report a case of a 20-year-old woman presenting with mild right upper quadrant abdominal discomfort, with normal levels of serum bilirubin and liver function tests. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed a well-defined cystic mass measured about 2 cm attached to the neck of gallbladder, with internal echogenic debris suggesting a complicated cyst, such as a hemorrhagic cyst. Abdominal computed tomography and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography revealed similar findings.Laparoscopic cholecystectomy showed a slightly distended gallbladder. The size of cyst on the neck was 1.6×1.2 cm, and it contained mucosa lined by ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium and underlying smooth muscle layers. Histopathology identified a ciliated foregut cyst of gallbladder.(Korean J Gastroenterol 2016;67:49-53)