Ergostatrien-3β-ol (EK100) from Antrodia camphorata Attenuates Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Liver Injury In Vitro and In Vivo

Ting-Yu Chao,Cheng-Chu Hsieh,Shih-Min Hsu,Cho-Hua Wan,Guan-Ting Lian,Yi-Han Tseng,Yueh-Hsiung Kuo,Shu-Chen Hsieh 한국식품영양과학회 2021 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.26 No.1

Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury is a complication that occurs during liver surgery, whereby hepatic tissue is injured by oxygen deficiency during ischemia, then further damaged by a cascade of inflammatory and oxidative insults when blood is resupplied during reperfusion. Antrodia camphorata is an indigenous fungus in Taiwan and an esteemed Chinese herbal medicine with various bioactivities. This study examined the effect of ergostatrien-3β-ol (EK100), an active compound found in both the fruiting body and mycelia of A. camphorata, on IR injury pathologies in rats and cell models of oxidative and inflammatory stress. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to receive a vehicle or 5 mg/kg EK100 prior to hepatic IR injury induced by 1 h ischemia followed by 24 h reperfusion, or a sham operation. RAW 264.7 murine macrophages and HepG2 hepatocytes were pretreated with EK100, then inflammation was induced with lipopolysaccharides in the former and oxidative stress was induced with hydrogen peroxide in the latter. EK100 decreased IR-induced elevation in serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase and lowered levels of the inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β. In addition, EK100 significantly reduced hepatic mRNA levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2, as well as nitrite production and iNOS gene expression in both hepatocyte and macrophage cell lines. We demonstrated that EK100 exhibits potent protection against hepatic IR injury, which may be used to design strategies to ameliorate liver damage during liver surgery.

Consumerism Interpretation of Character Tragedies in the Movie Lolita

Meng-Ting Guan(관몽정) 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회 2019 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지 Vol.13 No.5

영화 〈로리타〉는 1962년에 영국의 유명한 감독 스탠리 큐브릭(Stanley Kubrick)이 창작한 작품입니다. 영화 주제 때문에 그 당시에 큰 사회적 논쟁을 불러 일으켰다. 〈로리타〉는 스탠리 큐브릭 감독이 처음 독립적으로 제작된 영화 작품이었다. 유럽에서 온 험버트 교수와 자신의 의붓딸 로리타와의 불륜적 사랑에 대한 이야기를 담고 있다. 영화 전체를 통틀어도 난륜을 소재로 한 영화는 고귀함과 아름다움을 느껴줌으로써 사람들에게 충격을 주었다. 또한 미국의 사회 현실을 블랙 유머 아이러니 방식으로 완벽하게 보여주었다. 그 사이에 이 영화의 무성한 비극적 특징도 관객들을 강하게 감염시킨다. 현재 영화 〈로리타〉에 대한 연구는 대체로 감독 큐브릭 영화의 블랙유머 기법 연구, 영화의 패러디 기법 탐구, 그리고 소설 『로리타』와 영화 〈로리타〉의 차이 등에 집중되어 있다. 본 연구는 소비주의 이론을 토대로 영화 〈로리타〉에 반영된 사회 현실을 분석하고, 소비주의 사회의 전형적인 특징, 즉 향락주의와 몰락한 가정 관계를 밝혔으며, 또한 소비주의 사회가 어떻게 로리타의 비극적 인생을 초래했는지 살펴보았다. The movie Lolita is directed by the famous director Stanley Kubrick in the United Kingdom in 1962. Due to the movie theme, it produced a great social dispute at that year. Lolita was Stanley Kubrick’s first independently produced film. It tells the story of the abnormal love between Professor Humbert from Europe and his stepdaughter Lolita. Throughout the film, it shocked people by feeling honourable and aesthetic although the theme is about commit incest. The director also completely shown the social reality of the United States in a black humor irony method. By the meantime, the lush tragic feature of the film also strongly infects the audience. Current studies on the movie Lolita mainly focus on the following aspects: firstly, the black humor techniques of director Kubrick"s movies, secondly, the parody techniques of the movie, and thirdly, the differences between the original novel Lolita and the adapted movie. In the American society where consumerism constitutes the mainstream, instead of sticking to traditional moral concepts, people pursue material enjoyment. Based on the consumerism theory, this paper analyzes the social reality revealed by the movie Lolita, presents such typical characteristics of the consumerist society as hedonism and broken family relations, and explains how the consumerist society leads to Lolita"s tragic life.

한반도 식생의 녹색화에 대한 시계열적 분석

Lv, Guan Ting,ZHUYONGYAN,Liu, Wei Qi,Huang, Xiao,Li, Cheng Lei,Cui, Gui Shan 한국기후변화학회 2019 한국기후변화학회지 Vol.10 No.4

The vegetation is feedback on environmental change due to global warming. Also, the growth status of vegetation and the coverage area of vegetation are greatly affected by the environmental changes. The quantitative change of vegetation growth status is the primary task of vegetation response to environmental changes. In this study, the Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies (GIMMS) based Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and CRU climate data are used to analyze the spatio‐temporal characteristics of vegetation greening evolution and its response to climate change from 1982 to 2015 in the Korean Peninsula by applying the partial correlation and trend analysis. The results show that the average NDVI value of the Korean Peninsula in the period 1982‐2015 was 0.68, among which the average NDVI in North Korea and South Korea was 0.69 and 0.67, respectively. The NDVI of the Korean Peninsula between 1982 and 2015 increased by 0.6x10‐3 year‐1. The increasing trend prior to and after 1998 was 2.5×10‐3 year‐1 and 0.9×10‐3 year‐1, respectively. During the 1982‐2015 years, the NDVI of DPRK and South Korea have grown mainly with the trend of 0.2×10‐3 year‐1 and 1.1×10‐3 year‐1, respectively. According to the analysis of NDVI and climatic factors, the distribution of NDVI in the three‐time series of Korean Peninsula is consistent in spatial distribution. According to the results of partial correlation analysis of climate factor and NDVI distribution in Korean Peninsula, the region has significant partial correlation with temperature change. The climate factor of temperature is the main driver of NDVI change, which plays a key role in controlling NDVI change accumulation.

Integrated metatranscriptome and transcriptome reveals the microbial community composition and physiological function of xylem sap on grapevine during bleeding period

Zheng Ting,Zhang Kekun,Zhu Xudong,Guan Le,Jiu Songtao,Li Xiaopeng,Mazzullah Nasim,Jia Haifeng,Fang Jinggui 한국유전학회 2019 Genes & Genomics Vol.41 No.9

Background The xylem sap of fruit trees ensures the survival during the dormant period, and its flow during the bleeding period is correlated with the start of a new life cycle. Though the simple exploration on ingredients in the sap was carried out in the early years, the specific life activities and physiology functions of the sap during bleeding period have not been reported yet and the bleeding period is still a fruit tree development period worthy of attention. Objectives In this study, the microbial community composition during bleeding period were revealed by metatranscriptome and transcriptomic data. For the first time, the microorganism genome and grape genome in xylem sap were analyzed on transcriptional level, based on which the main physiological functions of the sap were also determined. Methods The genomic RNA in the sap was isolated and sequenced. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome (KEGG), Evolutionary genealogy of genes: Non-supervised Orthologous Groups (eggNOG) and Carbohydrate-Active enzymes Database (CAZy) functional annotation were used to analysis the function of micro-organisms in xylem sap. DEGs were analyzed by gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). The genes responsive to biotic and abiotic stresses were finally screened by transcriptome screening, stress data analysis and vitro validation experiments. Results The analysis exhibited 36,144,564 micro-related clean reads and 244,213 unigene. KEGG, eggNOG and CAZy functional annotation analysis indicated that signal transduction and material metabolism were the most important function of xylem sap. DEGs analysis were mainly about disease resistance, carbon source metabolism and hormone signal transduction, especially in P3 vs P1, enriched in the plant-pathogen interaction pathway. Analysis on grape genome information revealed xylem sap had little RNA with weak life activity. Metabolic pathways, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, plant hormone signal transduction and plant-pathogen interaction were the four pathways with the largest number of enriched genes. Moreover, 16 genes responsive to biotic and abiotic stresses were screened out. Conclusion Promoting plant growth and resisting pathogens were the most important function of xylem sap during the bleeding period, and the function of microbial community were closely related to microorganisms growth and disease resistance. The 16 stress-related genes might be used for the future grape resistance research.

Decode-and-Forward Two-Path Half-Duplex Relaying: Diversity-Multiplexing Tradeoff Analysis

Wicaksana, H.,Ting, S. H.,Guan, Y. L.,Xia, X.-G IEEE 2011 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS Vol.59 No.7

<P>Two-path or successive relaying has recently emerged as a promising cooperative communication protocol to improve spectral efficiency in half-duplex relaying networks. In this paper, we consider decode-and-forward (DF) version of the two-path relaying protocol. We analyze the fundamental performance of this protocol in terms of the diversity-multiplexing tradeoff (DMT). We first derive the DMT for this protocol, where perfect decoding at the relays is assumed, and show that it approaches the 3 x 1 multiple-input single-output (MISO) DMT. We then remove the assumption of perfect decoding at the relays and derive the closed-form expression of the achievable DMT based on the relative distances between nodes. Specifically, we found that for sufficiently long transmission length, if the average source-relay SNR is at least 2.5 times (measured in dB) of other links, the 3 x 1 MISO DMT is achieved. Successive interference cancellation at the relays is also proposed to further improve the performance of the DMT.</P>

Design and investigation of bladder power pump driven by an external electromagnet

Xiao Li,Ting Guan,Dongcai Zhou,Chunbao Liu 대한기계학회 2014 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.28 No.9

This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of the bladder power pump driven by an external electromagnet proposed by the authors. The structure of the pump was designed based on its working principle. The mathematical model and 3D finite element model of theelectromagnetic field of the pump were established. The electromagnetic driving property of the pump was analyzed using the models,and the micturition performance of the pump was investigated in the simulated experimental system. Results show that maximum intravesicalpressure and maximum urine flow rate reached 10.8 KPa and 13.9 cm³/s, respectively, approaching the normal human urodynamicparameters. This novel pump has the potential of being used for assisting neurogenic bladder micturition.

The Moderating Effect of Internal Control on Performance of Cross-Border M&A under the Uncertainty of Economic Policy: Evidence from China

Xiao-Lin Huang,Guan-Ting Chen,Eun-Hye Lee 한국무역학회 2019 Journal of Korea trade Vol.23 No.7

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between internal control, economic policy uncertainty, and performance of cross-border merger and acquisition (M&A) based on the panel data of Chinese listed firms. The authors expected that internal control has a positive moderating effect on the performance of cross-border M&A and that it mainly occurs during periods when economic policies are relatively stable. In addition, the authors tried to find out the mechanism of internal control affecting cross-border M&A and the corporate performance. Design/methodology - The authors tested the hypotheses by a multivariate regression model based on the panel data of Chinese listed firms from 2009 to 2017. The dependent variable is the change value of business performance (DROA_1,2,3) and the explanatory variables are cross-border M&A (MA), China’s uncertainty of economic policy (EPU), and internal control level (IC) respectively. Findings - The authors find that internal control has a positive moderating effect on the relationship between cross-border M&A and corporate performance. Further, the authors find that the moderating effect is more significant in state-owned enterprises and that it mainly occurs during periods when economic policies are relatively stable. Originality/value - This paper is the leading study that tries to analyze empirically the relationship between internal control, economic policy uncertainty, and performance of cross-border M&A. It provides a new avenue through which internal control might reasonably mitigate the risks of crossborder M&A and correspondingly improve the performance of cross-border M&A. It also confirms the moderating effect of internal control on the performance of cross-border M&A under the uncertainty of economic policy.

AKT1 Inhibitory DNAzymes Inhibit Cell Proliferation and Migration of Thyroid Cancer Cells

Yang, Le,He, Jin-Ting,Guan, Hong,Sun, Ya-Dong Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.4

AKT1 is a member of the serine/threoine AGC protein kinase family involved in thyroid cancer metabolism, growth, proliferation and survival. It is overexpressed in thyroid tumors. In this study, we designed two AKT1 specific DNAzymes (DRz1 and DRz2) that target AKT1 mRNA. The results showed that DRz1 could decrease the expression of AKT1 by 58%. Furthermore, DRz1 significantly inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis and inhibited invasion in SW597 cells. In addition, down-regulation of survivin expression was associated with decreased caspase-3, VEGF and MMP2 in SW597 cells after 24 h. In our study, the efficacy of DRz1 in decreasing AKT1 protein levels were better than DRz2. AKT1-DRz1 might have anti-tumorigenic activity and may provide the basis for a novel therapeutic intervention in thyroid cancer treatment.

Performance improvement of inverted polymer solar cells

Hsin-Ying LEE,Ching-Ting LEE,Hung-Lin HUANG,Li-Ren LOU,Guan-Zhong WANG 한국진공학회 2016 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.2016 No.8

Multiple Impairments in Male Reproduction 1 (mimr1), a Novel Male-Sterile Mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana, Shows Several Defects in Male Reproductive Development

Hai-Yan Chen,Yue-Feng Guan,Xue-Yong Huang,Yu-Ting Wu,Fen-Fei Wang,Ju-Fang Gao,Que Zhou,Zhong-Nan Yang,Jia-Yao Liu,Hong-Xia Zhang 한국식물학회 2012 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.55 No.3

We have characterized a new male-sterile mutant in Arabidopsis that exhibits conditional sterility but has restored fertility when drought-stressed. This mutant,multiple impairments in male reproduction 1 (mimr1),shows pleiotropic defects in both vegetative and reproductive development. Examination with dissecting and scanning electron microscopes revealed that its pollen grains are not effectively released from the anther locule after dehiscence, and anther differentiation is defective. Growth of the style and stamen filaments are also abnormal. Histological analysis demonstrated that these phenomena are due not only to a noticeably reduced extension of the stamen but also greater elongation of the pistil. Genetic analysis indicated that mimr1 is a single locus recessive nuclear mutant. The mutation can be mapped to a locus strongly linked to a 1200-kb region on Chromosome 3. Meta-analysis of expression patterning presented several candidate genes in that region. No mutants with similar phenotypes have previously been reported, suggesting that mimr1 is a novel male-sterile locus. Characterization of MIMR1 will provide further insights into the molecular basis for the development of plant reproductive organs.