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( Govindaraj Lekha ),( Esvaran Vijayagowri ),( Sasibhushan Sirigineedi ) 한국잠사학회 2014 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.29 No.2
The variation in the level of immune response related gene expression in silkworm, Bombyx mori following infection with Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) was analyzed at different time intervals. The occlusion bodies of BmNPV orally inoculated to the two most divergent silkworm races viz., Sarupat (resistant to BmNPV infection) and CSR2 (susceptible to BmNPV infection) were subjected to oral BmNPV inoculation. The expression profile of gp41 gene of BmNPV in the Sarupat and CSR2 races revealed that the virus could invade the midguts of both susceptible and resistant races. However, its multiplication was significantly less in the midgut of resistant race, while, in the susceptible race, the viral multiplication reached maximum level within 12 h. These findings indicate that potential host genes are involved in the inhibition of viral multiplication within larval midgut. The immune response genes arylphorin, cathepsin B, gloverin, lebocin, serpin, Hsp 19.9, Hsp 20.1, Hsp 20.4, Hsp 20.8, Hsp 21.4, Hsp 23.7, Hsp 40, Hsp 70, Hsp90 revealed differential level of expression on NPV infection. The gloverin, serpin, Hsp 23.7 and Hsp 40 genes are significantly up-regulated in the resistant race after NPV infection. The early up-regulation of these genes suggests that these genes could play an important role in baculovirus resistance in the silkworm, B. mori.
Govindaraj Saravanan,Veerachamy Alagarsamy,Pandurangan Dineshkumar 대한약학회 2021 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.44 No.8
A series of novel isoxazole coupled quinazolin-4(3H)-one derivatives were synthesized and characterizedby FT-IR, 1H NMR, mass spectroscopy and bases of elementalanalysis with the aim of developing potent analgesic,anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agents. Tailflicktechnique, carrageenan-induced foot paw edema testand agar streak dilution test were performed for screeninganalgesic, anti-inflammatory and in vitro antimicrobialactivity respectively. Moreover all compounds wereexamined for its ulcerogenicity. Results revealed that entireseries of compounds exhibited mild to good analgesic, antiinflammatoryand antimicrobial activity with low to moderateulcer index. The relationship between the functionalgroup variation and the biological activity of the evaluatedcompounds was discussed. Out of various synthesizedcompounds, 2-methyl-3-(4-(5-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)isoxazol-3-yl)phenyl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one 5e was foundto be the most active compound.
Govindaraj Divyapriya,Keshav V. kumar,Lohita Rajesh,Indumathi M. Nambi 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.89 No.-
The study was performed to understand the feasibility of graphite felt for electro-enhanced removal ofperchlorate ions through capacitive deionization process (CDI) in aqueous solution. The cyclicvoltammetry studies indicated that the perchlorate ions neither get oxidized nor reduced under theoperating conditions for the applied potential range of 1.5 V. The effect of voltage,flow rate, perchlorateconcentration, pH of the solution and temperature on the electrosorption was studied. Theelectrosorption capacity increased with increasing applied potential,flow rate and perchlorateconcentration. The change in pH significantly affected the removal efficiency due to competitive ioniceffect. The increase in temperature had a negative impact on the electrosorption capacity. Langmuirmodel was found to be a betterfit than the Freundlich model and the maximum electrosorption capacitywas found to be 21.1 mg g 1. It was observed that electro-enhanced adsorption followed pseudofirstorder kinetic model with a rate constant of 0.45 min 1 for an initial concentration of 1000 mg L 1operated at 1.5 V. Moreover the graphite felt exhibited good repeatability of the electrosorption processand affinity toward perchlorate ions. Thus it can be concluded that the graphite felt electrode can bepotentially used for electrosorptive removal of perchlorate ions from the aqueous solution.
Govindaraj Magudeeswaran,Visvalingam Balasubramanian,S.Sathyanarayanan,A. Moitra,S. Venugopal,Gankidi Madhusudhan Reddy,G. Sasikala 대한금속·재료학회 2009 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.15 No.6
Austenitic stainless steel, low hydrogen ferritic steel and high nickel steel consumables are used for the welding of armor-grade quenched and tempered (Q&T) steels. The use of such consumables in the welding of armorgrade Q&T steel leads to the formation of distinct microstructures in the respective welds and has a major influence on the dynamic fracture toughness. Hence, this paper examines how shielded metal arc welding consumables affect the dynamic fracture toughness (J1d) of armor-grade Q&T steel joints. The J1d values of joints fabricated with high nickel steel joints are superior than all other joints. Austenitic stainless steel, low hydrogen ferritic steel and high nickel steel consumables are used for the welding of armor-grade quenched and tempered (Q&T) steels. The use of such consumables in the welding of armorgrade Q&T steel leads to the formation of distinct microstructures in the respective welds and has a major influence on the dynamic fracture toughness. Hence, this paper examines how shielded metal arc welding consumables affect the dynamic fracture toughness (J1d) of armor-grade Q&T steel joints. The J1d values of joints fabricated with high nickel steel joints are superior than all other joints.
Comparative study of Metallic and Polymer Composite Shells for Underwater Vessels Using FEA
Govindaraj, Moorthy,Narayanarao, Narasimha Murthy Heddale,Munishaiah, Krishna,Nagappa, Raghavendra Korean Society of Ocean Engineers 2013 International journal of ocean system engineering Vol.3 No.3
The present research was aimed at comparing performance of metallic and polymer composite shells of a typical underwater vessel of length and inner diameter of 1650 mm and 350 mm respectively, based on the critical buckling pressure for operating depth of 1000 m using ANSYS. High strength steel, aluminium alloy, titanium alloy, glass / epoxy and carbon / epoxy materials were examined. The results indicated weight savings of 46 % in carbon/epoxy and 31 % in glass / epoxy when compared with high strength steel, based on the thickness of the shell for sustaining 10 MPa buckling pressure.
Intensified Sentiment Analysis of Customer Product Reviews Using Acoustic and Textual Features
Sureshkumar Govindaraj,Kumaravelan Gopalakrishnan 한국전자통신연구원 2016 ETRI Journal Vol.38 No.3
Sentiment analysis incorporates natural language processing and artificial intelligence and has evolved as an important research area. Sentiment analysis on product reviews has been used in widespread applications to improve customer retention and business processes. In this paper, we propose a method for performing an intensified sentiment analysis on customer product reviews. The method involves the extraction of two feature sets from each of the given customer product reviews, a set of acoustic features (representing emotions) and a set of lexical features (representing sentiments). These sets are then combined and used in a supervised classifier to predict the sentiments of customers. We use an audio speech dataset prepared from Amazon product reviews and downloaded from the YouTube portal for the purposes of our experimental evaluations.
Lekha, Govindaraj,Vijayagowri, Esvaran,Sirigineedi, Sasibhushan,Sivaprasad, Vankadara,Ponnuvel, Kangayam M. Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2014 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.29 No.2
The variation in the level of immune response related gene expression in silkworm, Bombyx mori following infection with Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) was analyzed at different time intervals. The occlusion bodies of BmNPV orally inoculated to the two most divergent silkworm races viz., Sarupat (resistant to BmNPV infection) and CSR2 (susceptible to BmNPV infection) were subjected to oral BmNPV inoculation. The expression profile of gp 41 gene of BmNPV in the Sarupat and CSR2 races revealed that the virus could invade the midguts of both susceptible and resistant races. However, its multiplication was significantly less in the midgut of resistant race, while, in the susceptible race, the viral multiplication reached maximum level within 12 h. These findings indicate that potential host genes are involved in the inhibition of viral multiplication within larval midgut. The immune response genes arylphorin, cathepsin B, gloverin, lebocin, serpin, Hsp 19.9, Hsp 20.1, Hsp 20.4, Hsp 20.8, Hsp 21.4, Hsp 23.7, Hsp 40, Hsp 70, Hsp90 revealed differential level of expression on NPV infection. The gloverin, serpin, Hsp 23.7 and Hsp 40 genes are significantly up-regulated in the resistant race after NPV infection. The early up-regulation of these genes suggests that these genes could play an important role in baculovirus resistance in the silkworm, B. mori.
Durai, Prasannavenkatesh,Govindaraj, Rajiv Gandhi,Choi, Sangdun Published by Blackwell Pub. on behalf of the Feder 2013 The FEBS journal Vol.280 No.23
<P>Proinflammatory responses by Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) to malaria infection are considered to be a significant factor in suppressing pathogen growth and in disease control. The key protozoan parasite <I>Plasmodium falciparum</I> causes malaria through glycosylphosphatidylinositols (GPIs), which induce the host immune response mainly via TLR2 signalling. Experimental studies have suggested that malarial GPIs from <I>P. falciparum</I> are recognized by the TLR2 subfamily. However, the interaction site and their involvement in the activation mechanism are still unknown. A better understanding of the detailed structure of the TLR–GPI interaction is important for the design of more effective anti‐malarial therapeutics. We used a molecular docking method to predict the binding regions of malarial GPIs with the TLR2 subfamily members. We also employed molecular dynamics simulations and principal component analysis to understand ligand‐induced conformational changes of the TLR2 subfamily. We observed the expected structural changes upon ligand binding, and significant movements were found in loop regions located in the ligand‐binding site of the TLR2 subfamily. We further propose that the binding modes of malarial GPIs are similar to lipopeptides, and that the lipid portions of the ligands could play an essential role in selective dimerization of the TLR2 subfamily.</P>