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Comparative aspects of microRNA expression in canine and human cancers
Kabiru Sahabi,Gayathri T. Selvarajah,Rasedee Abdullah,Yoke Kqueen Cheah,Geok Chin Tan 대한수의학회 2018 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.19 No.2
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have important roles in all biological pathways in multicellular organisms. Over 1,400 human miRNAs have beenidentified, and many are conserved among vertebrates and invertebrates. Regulation of miRNA is the most common mode ofpost-transcriptional gene regulation. The miRNAs that are involved in the initiation and progression of cancers are termed oncomiRs andseveral of them have been identified in canine and human cancers. Similarly, several miRNAs have been reported to be down-regulated incancers of the two species. In this review, current information on the expression and roles of miRNAs in oncogenesis and progression of humanand canine cancers, as well the roles miRNAs have in cancer stem cell biology, are highlighted. The potential for the use of miRNAs astherapeutic targets in personalized cancer therapy in domestic dogs and their possible application in human cancer counterparts are alsodiscussed.
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Jezamine Lim,Zainul Rashid Mohamad Razi,Jia Xian Law,Azmawati Mohammed Nawi,Ruszymah Binti Haji Idrus,Tan Geok Chin,Muaatamarulain Mustangin,Min Hwei Ng 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2018 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.15 No.1
Umbilical cord (UC) is a discarded product from the operating theatre and a ready source of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). MSCs from UC express both embryonic and adult mesenchymal stem cell markers and are known to be hypoimmunogenic and non-tumorigenic and thus suitable for allogeneic cell transplantation. Our study aimed to determine the degree of immunotolerance and bone-forming capacity of osteodifferentiated human Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hWJ-MSCs) from different segments of UC in an allogenic setting. UCs were obtained from healthy donors delivering a full-term infant by elective Caesarean section. hWJ-MSCs were isolated from 3 cm length segment from the maternal and foetal ends of UCs. Three-dimensional fibrin constructs were formed and implanted intramuscularly into immunocompetent mice. The mice were implanted with 1) fibrin construct with maternal hWJ-MSCs, 2) fibrin construct with foetal hWJ-MSCs, or 3) fibrin without cells; the control group received sham surgery. After 1 month, the lymphoid organs were analysed to determine the degree of immune rejection and bone constructs were analysed to determine the amount of bone formed. A pronounced immune reaction was noted in the fibrin group. The maternal segment constructs demonstrated greater osteogenesis than the foetal segment constructs. Both maternal and foetal segment constructs caused minimal immune reaction and thus appear to be safe for allogeneic bone transplant. The suppression of inflammation may be a result of increased anti-inflammatory cytokine production mediated by the hWJMSC. In summary, this study demonstrates the feasibility of using bone constructs derived from hWJ-MSCs in an allogenic setting.
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