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        Optimization and simulation of the operational motion of a pantograph: Uplift and retraction

        Fang Jia,Fengyu Xu,Hang Zhou,Defeng Zhang,Zhijie Xia 대한기계학회 2017 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.31 No.1

        A single-arm pantograph of metro train was studied in this work. The mathematical model of a single-arm pantograph was first established and an optimal design method to obtain the geometric parameters of the pantograph was proposed. The 3D model for the pantograph was then built and the simulation was performed by using virtual prototyping technology to ensure superior performance of the optimized pantograph. The fatigue test of pantograph-insulator system was performed under two operating conditions: Electric pantograph lifting and real train operation. Fatigue test results validated the stability of the optimized pantograph system.

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        Fatigue properties of the pantograph–insulator system of metro trains: Experiments and the design for improvement

        Fang Jia,Fengyu Xu,Zhijie Xia,Hang Zhou,Defeng Zhang 대한기계학회 2016 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.30 No.10

        The power of a metro vehicle is supplied by the pantograph on the vehicle roof. During pantograph lifting, the insulator set of the pantograph is prone to fracture caused by the impact load. In this work, a Single-arm pantograph–insulator system (SPIS) of metro vehicles was studied for the fatigue fracture of the insulator set induced by impact load. The basic structure of the SPIS was first introduced. The dynamic axial force test and fatigue and fracture damage experiments was then conducted on SPIS for both simulation experiment platform and real vehicles to analyze the causes of the insulator fracture. A method to improve the design structure of the back-end insulator set was proposed to resolve the problems of both the impact failure of the insulator steel core and the stress concentration on the interface between a steel core and an epoxy resin. The finite element analysis results indicated that the improved insulator set shows a much smaller stress concentration. Therefore, the improved insulator set has a greatly reduced fatigue damage subjected to shear effect, which validated the feasibility of the improved structure design.

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        Changes in Cerebral Blood Flow in Patients Who Receive Different Durations of Hemodialysis: An Arterial Spin Labeling MRI Study

        Yan Xue,Zhuanzhuan Wu,Bo Li,Gang Sun,Fengyu Jia,Kai Liu 대한신경과학회 2023 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.19 No.5

        Background and Purpose This study aimed to determine the changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) in patients who received different durations of hemodialysis (HD) using arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging. Methods The study included 46 patients who received HD and 24 demographically similar healthy controls (HCs). Patients who received HD were divided into three subgroups based on its duration: HD-1 (n=15, dialysis duration ≤24 months), HD-2 (n=16, dialysis duration >24 and ≤72 months), and HD-3 (n=15, dialysis duration ≥73 months). All subjects completed the Mini Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment tests, and the patients who received HD underwent laboratory tests. Group-level differences in the global and regional CBFs between patients who received HD and HCs were assessed. Correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the associations among CBF, clinical variables, and cognitive function. Results Compared with HCs, global and regional CBFs were significantly increased in the HD-1 and HD-2 groups (p<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the HD-3 group (p>0.05). However, compared with the HD-1 group, the HD-3 group had significantly decreased global and regional CBFs (p<0.05). The cognitive function was worse in patients who received long-term HD than in HCs. Increased dialysis duration and hemoglobin level were predictive risk factors for decreased CBF in patients who received long-term HD. Conclusions Patients who received long-term HD with normal CBF had worse cognitive function, which may be related to increased dialysis duration.

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