Neuroprotective effects of green coffee bean extract against Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease: a mini review

Renalison Farias-Pereira(Renalison Farias-Pereira ),Lynnea Young(Lynnea Young),Yeonhwa Park(Yeonhwa Park) 한국축산식품학회 2021 Food and Life Vol.2021 No.1

Green coffee bean extract (GCBE) is known as an anti-obesity dietary supplement, but its neuroprotective effects have been recently reported. Since GCBE and its main phenolic acids, chlorogenic acids (CGA), share similar physiological effects, this mini review summarizes the most current research of the neurobiological effects of GCBE and CGA. GCBE and/or CGA act on acetylcholine, glutamate, and insulin signaling pathways to reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s disease by reducing amyloid-β proteins (Aβ) and tau proteins in the brain of rodents. Clinical trials, although limited, further suggest that CGA improves cognition, which was associated with changes in blood Aβ levels. In addition, CGA modulates the dopamine metabolism to reduce neurotoxicity in animal models of Parkinson’s disease, although there is no direct association between GCBE and Parkinson’s disease in humans. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of GCBE and CGA are suggested to be the underlying mechanisms that help to protect from the development of these diseases. GCBE and CGA have potential benefits to prevent the development of neurodegenerative diseases, but there is still a great need to further investigate their effects on Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease.

Impact of Shift Work on the Eating Pattern, Physical Activity and Daytime Sleepiness Among Chilean Healthcare Workers

Farias, Rut,Sepulveda, Alejandro,Chamorro, Rodrigo Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2020 Safety and health at work Vol.11 No.3

We evaluated the eating pattern, physical activity, and daytime sleepiness level in Chilean shift workers. Fifty, middle-aged adult health workers from a public hospital in Santiago, Chile, were included: a group undergoing shift work (shift workers, including at least one "night shift" and one "long day", n = 33), and day workers under traditional schedule (from 8:00 to 17:00h, n = 17). Body composition, physical activity, and daytime sleepiness levels, and diet characteristics (diet composition, meals' timing, and diet quality) were assessed. Despite similar total energy intake, shift worker showed lower carbohydrate (% of energy) and higher protein intake (both P < 0.01), decreased diet quality, an irregular eating pattern, and delayed meal timing (all P < 0.05). Physical activity and daytime sleepiness levels did not differ between groups. Findings from this first Chilean study in healthcare shift workers support the fact that meal timing and diet quality appear as critical factors for upcoming intervention studies in this group.

Gas expulsion in highly substructured embedded star clusters

Farias, J P,Fellhauer, M,Smith, R,Domí,nguez, R,Dabringhausen, J Oxford University Press 2018 MONTHLY NOTICES- ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY Vol.476 No.4

Mechanisms of action of coffee bioactive components on lipid metabolism

Renalison Farias-Pereira,박천석,박연화 한국식품과학회 2019 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.28 No.5

Coffee consumption is associated with reduced risk of metabolic syndrome, obesity and diabetes, which may be related to the effects of coffee and its bioactive components on lipid metabolism. Coffee contains caffeine, a known neuromodulator that acts as an adenosine receptor antagonist, as well as other components, such as chlorogenic acids, trigonelline, cafestol and kahweol. Thus, this review discusses the up-to-date knowledge of mechanisms of action of coffee and its bioactive compounds on lipid metabolism. Although there is evidence that coffee and/or its bioactive compounds regulate transcription factors (e.g. peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and sterol regulatory element binding proteins) and enzymes (e.g. AMP-activated protein kinase) involved in lipogenesis, lipid uptake, transport, fatty acid β-oxidation and/or lipolysis, needs for the understanding of coffee and its effects on lipid metabolism in humans remain to be answered.

Performance of Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 on soybean and resistance traits of cultivars

Carolina Farias e Silva Maria,de Sousa Rodrigues Arielly,Henrique Ferreira Rodrigues Raimundo,Ettore Pavan Bruno,Barboza Silva Luciana 한국응용곤충학회 2023 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.26 No.2

Bemisia tabaci MEAM1, known as whitefly, poses a significant threat to soybean crops worldwide. To develop effective pest management strategies, it is crucial to understand how this insect pest performs on different soybean cultivars and identify resistance traits in these cultivars. This study aimed to assess the biological development of B. tabaci MEAM1 and the performance of five consecutive whitefly generations on various soybean cultivars to determine the stability of resistance across multiple insect generations. Additionally, the study aimed to estimate genetic parameters associated with resistance traits. To conduct the experiment, twenty individuals of B. tabaci were released and confined within cages attached to soybean leaf petioles. The experi ment followed a completely randomized design with eleven treatments and five replicates. The emerging insects from the bioassay were confined to plants of their respective cultivars. This process was repeated for five consecutive generations of whiteflies to evaluate the cultivars’ ability to exhibit resistance across multiple generations of the pest. The results showed that the cultivars M 8808 and AS 3810 had a negative impact on B. tabaci oviposition. Additionally, the cultivar BRS 9280 influenced the development of the insect. Based on the selection index, cultivars BRS 9280, AS 3810, M 8808, and BRS 8383 exhibited resistance traits. Furthermore, cultivars BRS 9280, AS 3810, and M 8808 demonstrated resistance characteristics consistently over five gen erations when subjected to whitefly pressure. These cultivars can be considered valuable sources of resistance against B. tabaci MEAM1 for breeding programs aimed at developing resistant soybean cultivars.

Chilean Native Fruit Extracts Inhibit Inflammation Linked to the Pathogenic Interaction Between Adipocytes and Macrophages

Marjorie Reyes-Farias,Karla Vasquez,Angelica Ovalle-Marin,Francisco Fuentes,Claudia Parra,Vilma Quitral,Paula Jimenez,Diego F. Garcia-Diaz 한국식품영양과학회 2015 Journal of medicinal food Vol.18 No.5

Obesity is characterized by an increase in the infiltration of monocytes into the adipose tissue, causing an inflammatory condition associated with, for example, the development of insulin resistance. Thus, anti-inflammatory-based treatments could emerge as a novel and interesting approach. It has been reported that Chilean native fruits maqui (Aristotelia chilensis) and calafate (Berberis microphylla) present high contents of polyphenols, which are known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of extracts of these fruits to block the pathogenic interaction between adipocytes and macrophages in vitro and to compare its effect with blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) extract treatment, which has been already described to possess several biomedical benefits. RAW264.7 macrophages were treated with 5 μg/mL lipopolysaccharides (LPS), with conditioned media (CM) from fully differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes, or in a coculture (CC) with 3T3-L1 adipocytes, in the presence or absence of 100 μM [total polyphenolic content] of each extract for 24 h. The gene expression and secretion profile of several inflammatory markers were evaluated. Nitric oxide secretion induced by LPS, CM, and CC was reduced by the presence of maqui (- 12.2%, - 45.6%, and - 14.7%, respectively) and calafate (- 27.6%, - 43.9%, and - 11.8%, respectively) extracts. Gene expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and TNF-α was inhibited and of IL-10 was induced by maqui and calafate extract incubation. In conclusion, the extracts of these fruits present important inhibitory-like features over the inflammatory response of the interaction between adipocytes and macrophages, comprising a potential therapeutic tool against comorbidities associated with obesity development.

Assessment of Bone Mineral Density of Patients with Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3

Aline Maria Santos Farias,Simone Appenzeller,Marcondes C França Jr.,Alberto RM Martinez,Elba E Etchebehere,Thiago F Souza,Allan O Santos 대한파킨슨병및이상운동질환학회 2019 Journal Of Movement Disorders Vol.12 No.1

Objective To evaluate whether less pulsatile levodopa therapy (LPT) can reduce the development of levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID). Methods This is a retrospective cohort study of patients with Parkinson’s disease at the movement disorders clinic of Medstar Washington Hospital Center. The study was not blinded or randomized. Patients were seen between August 2002 and August 2018. During these years, we treated patients with less pulsatile (6 doses daily) levodopa treatment to reduce LID. Occurrence of LID was recorded. Results Ninety-five patients with Parkinson’s disease taking levodopa were divided into two groups: 1) patients who were initially managed on LPT or who switched from traditional therapy (TT) (n = 61) (mean disease duration: 7.7 ± 4.8 years, mean levodopa duration: 5.6 ± 4.5 years and mean observation time: 4.3 ± 3.4 years), and 2) patients on TT throughout the observation period or until they developed dyskinesia (n = 34) (mean disease duration: 8.3 ± 3.8 years, mean levodopa duration: 6.2 ± 4.2 years and mean observation time: 4.1 ± 3.4 years). Three of the 61 LPT patients developed dyskinesia during the observation period. One of the patients developed dyskinesia after being switched to pulsatile doses by another doctor. In the other two, dyskinesia was minimal. In contrast to this 4.9% cumulative incidence, dyskinesia occurred in 50% (17/34) of TT patients, an incidence similar to that in published data (p < 0.001). Conclusion Less pulsatile levodopa with 6 daily doses was associated with a low incidence of LID. Further study of this method of treatment is warranted.

The effects of different metal posts, cements, and exposure parameters on cone-beam computed tomography artifacts

Freitas Ana Priscila Lira de Farias,Peixoto Larissa Rangel,Mariz Suassuna Fernanda Clotilde,Bento Patrícia Meira,Maia Amorim Ana Marly Araújo,Rovaris Silva Karla,de Almeida Barros Renata Quirino,Pontu 대한영상치의학회 2023 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.53 No.2

Purpose: This study assessed the intensity of artifacts produced by 2 metal posts, 2 cements, and different exposure parameters using 2 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) units. Materials and Methods: The sample was composed of 20 single-rooted premolars, divided into 4 groups: Ni-Cr/ zinc phosphate, Ni-Cr/resin cement, Ag-Pd/zinc phosphate, and Ag-Pd/resin cement. Samples were scanned before and after post insertion and cementation using a CS9000 3D scanner with 4 exposure parameters (85/90 kV and 6.3/10 mA) and an i-CAT scanner with 120 kV and 5 mA. The presence of artifacts was assessed subjectively by 2 observers and objectively by a trained observer using ImageJ software. The Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon, weighted kappa, and chi-square tests were used to assess data at a 95% confidence level (α<0.05). Results: In the subjective analyses, AgPd presented more hypodense and hyperdense lines than NiCr (P<0.05), and more hypodense halos were found using i-CAT (P<0.05) than using CS9000 3D. More hypodense halos, hypodense lines, and hyperdense lines were observed at 10 mA than at 6.3 mA (P<0.05). More hypodense halos were observed at 85 kV than at 90 kV (P<0.05). CS9000 3D presented more hypodense and hyperdense lines than i-CAT (P<0.05). In the objective analyses, AgPd presented higher percentages of hyperdense and hypodense artifacts than NiCr (P<0.05). Zinc phosphate cement presented higher hyperdense artifact percentages on CS9000 3D scans (P<0.05). CS9000 3D presented higher artifact percentages than i-CAT (P<0.05). Conclusion: High-atomic-number alloys, higher tube current, and lower tube voltage may increase the artifacts present in CBCT images.

Ribotoxic Stress through p38 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Activates <i>in Vitro</i> the Human Pyrin Inflammasome

Yu, Je-Wook,Farias, Andrew,Hwang, Inhwa,Fernandes-Alnemri, Teresa,Alnemri, Emad S. American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bi 2013 The Journal of biological chemistry Vol.288 No.16

<P>Human pyrin with gain-of-function mutations in its B30.2/SPRY domain causes the autoinflammatory disease familial Mediterranean fever by assembling an ASC-dependent inflammasome that activates caspase-1. Wild-type human pyrin can also form an inflammasome complex with ASC after engagement by autoinflammatory PSTPIP1 mutants. How the pyrin inflammasome is activated in the absence of disease-associated mutations is not yet known. We report here that ribotoxic stress triggers the assembly of the human pyrin inflammasome, leading to ASC oligomerization and caspase-1 activation in THP-1 macrophages and in a 293T cell line stably reconstituted with components of the pyrin inflammasome. Knockdown of pyrin and selective inhibition of p38 MAPK greatly attenuated caspase-1 activation by ribotoxic stress, whereas expression of the conditional mutant ΔMEKK3:ER* allowed the activation of caspase-1 without ribotoxic stress. Disruption of microtubules by colchicine also inhibited pyrin inflammasome activation by ribotoxic stress. Together, our results indicate that ribotoxic stress activates the human pyrin inflammasome through a mechanism that requires p38 MAPK signaling and microtubule stability.</P>

Oral radiology practice in dental schools during the COVID-19 pandemic: What will be the new normal?

Rocharles Cavalcante Fontenele,Amanda Farias Gomes,Deborah Queiroz Freitas 대한영상치의학회 2020 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.50 No.3

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