Neuroprotective effects of green coffee bean extract against Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease: a mini review

Renalison Farias-Pereira(Renalison Farias-Pereira ),Lynnea Young(Lynnea Young),Yeonhwa Park(Yeonhwa Park) 한국축산식품학회 2021 Food and Life Vol.2021 No.1

Green coffee bean extract (GCBE) is known as an anti-obesity dietary supplement, but its neuroprotective effects have been recently reported. Since GCBE and its main phenolic acids, chlorogenic acids (CGA), share similar physiological effects, this mini review summarizes the most current research of the neurobiological effects of GCBE and CGA. GCBE and/or CGA act on acetylcholine, glutamate, and insulin signaling pathways to reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s disease by reducing amyloid-β proteins (Aβ) and tau proteins in the brain of rodents. Clinical trials, although limited, further suggest that CGA improves cognition, which was associated with changes in blood Aβ levels. In addition, CGA modulates the dopamine metabolism to reduce neurotoxicity in animal models of Parkinson’s disease, although there is no direct association between GCBE and Parkinson’s disease in humans. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of GCBE and CGA are suggested to be the underlying mechanisms that help to protect from the development of these diseases. GCBE and CGA have potential benefits to prevent the development of neurodegenerative diseases, but there is still a great need to further investigate their effects on Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease.

A modified device for intraoral radiography to assess the distal osseous defects of mandibular second molar after impacted third molar surgery

Faria-Inocencio Ana,Gallas-Torreira Mercedes 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2011 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.41 No.3

Purpose This article is to describe a modified device for intraoral radiography which was developed to obtain reproducible radiographic images for assessment of distal osseous defects of the mandibular second molar (2 Mm) after impacted third molar (3 Mm) surgery. Materials and Methods A commercial available alignment system for posterior region was modified by adding a reference gauge pin (millimetric) and threading a hollow acrylic cylinder at the ring of the radiographic positioner to attach the X-ray collimator. The design included customized resin acrylic stent for the occlusal surface of the 2Mm in maximum intercuspal position, individualizing the biteblock positioner. Periapical radiographs were taken before and after surgical extraction of 3 Mm, employing the radiographic technique of parallelism described by Kugelberg (1986) with this modified film holder and inserting the gauge pin on the deepest bone probing depth point. Results This technique permitted to obtain standardized periapical radiographs with a moderate to high resolution, repeatability, and accuracy. There was no difference between the measurements on the pre- and post-operative radiographs. This technique allowed better maintenance of the same geometric position compared with conventional one. The insertion of the gauge pin provided the same reference point and localized the deepest osseous defect on the two-dimensional radiographs. Conclusion This technique allowed better reproducibility in posterior radiographic records (distal surface of 2 Mm) and more accurate measurements of radiographic bone level by the use of a millimetric pin.

Molecular diversity of phytoplankton in the East China Sea around Jeju Island (Korea), unraveled by pyrosequencing

Faria, Daphne Georgina,Lee, Man-Duck,Lee, Joon-Baek,Lee, Juyun,Chang, Man,Youn, Seok Hyun,Suh, Young Sang,Ki, Jang-Seu Springer-Verlag 2014 Journal of oceanography Vol.70 No.1

Impact of Shift Work on the Eating Pattern, Physical Activity and Daytime Sleepiness Among Chilean Healthcare Workers

Farias, Rut,Sepulveda, Alejandro,Chamorro, Rodrigo Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2020 Safety and health at work Vol.11 No.3

We evaluated the eating pattern, physical activity, and daytime sleepiness level in Chilean shift workers. Fifty, middle-aged adult health workers from a public hospital in Santiago, Chile, were included: a group undergoing shift work (shift workers, including at least one "night shift" and one "long day", n = 33), and day workers under traditional schedule (from 8:00 to 17:00h, n = 17). Body composition, physical activity, and daytime sleepiness levels, and diet characteristics (diet composition, meals' timing, and diet quality) were assessed. Despite similar total energy intake, shift worker showed lower carbohydrate (% of energy) and higher protein intake (both P < 0.01), decreased diet quality, an irregular eating pattern, and delayed meal timing (all P < 0.05). Physical activity and daytime sleepiness levels did not differ between groups. Findings from this first Chilean study in healthcare shift workers support the fact that meal timing and diet quality appear as critical factors for upcoming intervention studies in this group.

Effect of eigenvalue solution on the characteristics of double diffusive salt fingers

Faria Rehman,Manoj Dhiman,O. P. Singh 대한기계학회 2016 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.30 No.6

Double diffusive finger convection is driven by the varying diffusivity of the two components, contributing to the density variation. When the faster diffusing component heat stabilizes the system, and slow diffusing component salinity destabilizes the system with the overall density stratification remaining stable, the convection takes the form of rising and sinking fingers, which are known as salt fingers. We considered previous theories on the salt fingers’ growth rate, and show how different approaches to solve the same Eigen value equation lead to a different prediction of finger characteristics. We precisely solved the Eigen value growth rate equations, and show that the assumptions taken in the previous theories lead to unphysical system behavior in the limit of density ratio approaching unity. We show that the finger system becomes transient in this limit, and steady state assumption is not a valid approximation. Furthermore, other theories have also been proposed, and wide fingers are generally believed to transport larger fluxes when compared with thin fingers. In this paper, we show through numerical simulation that the assumption of wide finger-large flux ratio is not physically consistent in light of recent findings.

Gas expulsion in highly substructured embedded star clusters

Farias, J P,Fellhauer, M,Smith, R,Domí,nguez, R,Dabringhausen, J Oxford University Press 2018 MONTHLY NOTICES- ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY Vol.476 No.4

Mechanisms of action of coffee bioactive components on lipid metabolism

Renalison Farias-Pereira,박천석,박연화 한국식품과학회 2019 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.28 No.5

Coffee consumption is associated with reduced risk of metabolic syndrome, obesity and diabetes, which may be related to the effects of coffee and its bioactive components on lipid metabolism. Coffee contains caffeine, a known neuromodulator that acts as an adenosine receptor antagonist, as well as other components, such as chlorogenic acids, trigonelline, cafestol and kahweol. Thus, this review discusses the up-to-date knowledge of mechanisms of action of coffee and its bioactive compounds on lipid metabolism. Although there is evidence that coffee and/or its bioactive compounds regulate transcription factors (e.g. peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and sterol regulatory element binding proteins) and enzymes (e.g. AMP-activated protein kinase) involved in lipogenesis, lipid uptake, transport, fatty acid β-oxidation and/or lipolysis, needs for the understanding of coffee and its effects on lipid metabolism in humans remain to be answered.

Evaluation of the Hypotensive Potential of Bovine and Porcine Collagen Hydrolysates

Mariza Faria,Elizabete Lourenço da Costa,José Antônio Rocha Gontijo,Flávia Maria Netto 한국식품영양과학회 2008 Journal of medicinal food Vol.11 No.3

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity and antihypertensive activity of bovine and porcine collagen hydrolysates in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were investigated. The hydrolyzed collagens were subjected to ultrafiltration using membranes with cutoffs of 30–50 kDa (permeate P1), 5–8 kDa (permeate P2), or 1–2 kDa (permeate P3) in order to obtain products with a narrower range of molecular size. The hydrolyzed bovine and porcine collagens and their permeates showed low ACE inhibitory activity (50% inhibitory concentration [IC50] = 5.42–15.58 mg of protein/mL). However, after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion, a significant increase in the ACE inhibitory potency of the hydrolyzed collagens was observed (IC50 = 0.97–4.02 mg of protein/mL). Permeates had a higher ACE inhibitory activity and hypotensive activity than non-ultrafiltered hydrolysates. The P1 permeate of bovine and porcine collagen and the P3 fraction of the porcine collagen hydrolysate exhibited the best antihypertensive activity in vivo, promoting a maximum reduction in blood pressure of 22 mm Hg, 21.33 mm Hg, and 21.33 mm Hg, respectively, while lisinopril promoted a maximum reduction of 51.00 mm Hg. These results suggest that the commercial collagen hydrolysates of bovine and porcine origin may be a potential source of bioactive peptides.

Pomegranate Juice Effects on Cytochrome P450s Expression: In Vivo Studies

Ana Faria,Rosario Monteiro,Isabel Azevedo,Conceicao Calhau 한국식품영양과학회 2007 Journal of medicinal food Vol.10 No.4

Beneficial health effects have recently been claimed for pomegranate juice. In vitroand in vivo studies havedemonstrated its anti-atherosclerotic capacity, chemoprevention and chemotherapy of prostate cancer, and antiproliferative,apoptotic, and antioxidant activity, among others. On the other hand, there is a complex interplay between tumor initiation,promotion, and progression and xenobiotic biotranformation. This led us to investigate the effect of pomegranate juice con-sumption on cytochrome P450 (CYP) activity and expression. For this purpose, male mice consumed this fruit juice for 4over, the activity of CYP isoform 2E1 and expression of the main CYP isoforms, namely, CYP1A1/2, CYP2E1, and CYP3A,were also assessed. It was found that pomegranate juice consumption decreased total hepatic CYP content as well as the ex-pression of CYP1A2 and CYP3A. Prevention of procarcinogen activation through CYP activity/expression inhibition may beinvolved in pomegranate juice’s effect on tumor initiation, promotion, and progression.

Influence of soil-structure interaction on seismic responses of offshore wind turbine considering earthquake incident angle

Sharmin, Faria,Hussan, Mosaruf,Kim, Dookie,Cho, Sung Gook Techno-Press 2017 Earthquakes and structures Vol.13 No.1

Displacement response and corresponding maximum response energy of structures are key parameters to assess the dynamic effect or even more destructive structural damage of the structures. By employing them, this research has compared the structural responses of jacket supported offshore wind turbine (OWT) subjected to seismic excitations apprehending earthquake incidence, when (a) soil-structure interaction (SSI) has been ignored and (b) SSI has been considered. The effect of earthquakes under arbitrary angle of excitation on the OWT has been investigated by means of the energy based wavelet transformation method. Displacement based fragility analysis is then utilized to convey the probability of exceedance of the OWT at different soil site conditions. The results show that the uncertainty arises due to multi-component seismic excitations along with the diminution trend of shear wave velocity of soil and it tends to reduce the efficiency of the OWT to stand against the ground motions.