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Fahmida Begum,Khan Lamia Nahid,Tahmina Jesmin,Md. Wahiduzzaman Mazumder,Md. Rukunuzzaman 대한소아소화기영양학회 2024 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.27 No.1
Purpose: Although the 24-hours urinary copper excretion is useful for the diagnosis of Wilson disease (WD), there are practical difficulties in the accurate and timed collection of urine samples. The purpose of this study was to verify if the spot morning urinary Copper/ Zinc (Cu/Zn) ratio could be used as a replacement parameter of 24-hours urinary copper excretion in the diagnosis of WD. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh, from June 2019 to May 2021 on 67 children over three years of age who presented with liver disease. Twenty-seven children who fulfilled the inclusion criteria for WD were categorized into the test group, and the remaining forty children were considered to have non-Wilsonian liver disease and were categorized into the control group. Along with other laboratory investigations, spot morning urinary samples were estimated for the urinary Cu/Zn ratio in all patients and were compared to the 24-hour urinary copper excretion. The diagnostic value of the Cu/Zn ratio was then analyzed. Results: Correlation of spot morning urinary Cu/Zn ratio with 24-hours urinary copper excretion was found to be significant (r=0.60). The area under ROC curve with 95% confidence interval of morning urinary Cu/Zn ratio measured using 24-hours urine sample was 0.84 (standard error, 0.05; p<0.001). Conclusion: Spot morning urinary Cu/Zn ratio seems to be a promising parameter for the replacement of 24-hours urinary copper excretion in the diagnosis of WD.
Fahmida Ishaque,Israt Jahan Ripa,Altaf Hossain,Abdur Rashid Sarker,Gazi Tamiz Uddin,Hafizur Rahman,Joyshankar Baidya 대한환경공학회 2021 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.26 No.1
Downscaling is a state-of-the-art technique to generate fine-resolution climate change prediction and an obvious tool for forecasting future climate scenarios for many data-scarce areas like Bangladesh. The Educational Global Climate Model (EdGCM) predicts numerically and its performance was not evaluated for Bangladesh earlier. Due to this reason, an attempt has been made to apply a new geostatistical approach with the help of transform software to downscale EdGCM for identifying the trend of surface air temperature at the Sylhet district. Both Doubled_CO₂ and Global_Warming_01 are simulated from EdGCM and maps are generated to depict global temperature variations. Downscaling is applied to the outputs from Doubled_CO₂ scenario. Percent of bias (PBIAS), Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) and the ratio of root mean square error to the standard deviation of measured data (RSR) values are satisfactory and acceptable. The trend analysis was performed using the Mann-Kendall Trend test and Sen’s slope estimator. Temperature changes are significant for both downscaled and observed results of p-value which is less than alpha = 0.05. Mann-Kendall Z tests for annual downscaled and IPCC during (2006-2020) show a positive trend. Downscaled predicted annual average temperature (simulations by Doubled_CO₂) for 2020 is 21.67˚C for the Sylhet district.
Protection/Restoration of PON Systems Using WDM based 2-OLT Structure
Fahmida Rawshan,Youngil Park(박영일) 한국통신학회 2012 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.37 No.12B
본 연구에서는 2개의 OLT를 이용한 PON 보호/절체에 관해 제안하였다. 본 제안된 방식을 이용하면 고장 상황에서도 가입자 영역에 서비스를 지속적으로 할 수 있고, 정상적인 동작을 수행할 수 있게 된다. 기존 보호/절체 방식과의 차이점은 제안된 방식의 경우 두 OLT에 다른 파장을 적용함으로써 정상 상태에서 두 OLT를 모두 사용하여 이용 효율을 높인다는 점이다. 보호 모드에서는 Shared-bandwidth 할당 방식을 적용함으로써 효율을 극대화 하였다. 성능 분석을 통해 제안된 시스템이 효율적으로 이더넷 기반 PON 시스템의 신뢰성을 높일 수 있음을 확인하였다. In this paper, we propose a protection architecture of passive optical network (PON) system by using two optical line terminals (OLTs). Using this scheme, the network can sustain services to access area and restores normal operation in faulty conditions. Unlike existing systems, the proposed one increases the efficiency of the system by operating both OLTs using different wavelengths in normal condition. During protection mode, a Shared-bandwidth allocation scheme is employed to maximize the utilization efficiency. Performance analysis shows that the proposed scheme can provide reliability to Ethernet-based PON system very efficiently.
Fahmida Mir Akbar,Mohsin Zafar,Abdul Hamid,Maqsood Ahmed,Abdul Khaliq,Muhammad Riaz Khan,Zahid ur Rehman 한국원예학회 2013 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.54 No.6
Pea (Pisum sativum L.) has increasing nutritional, commercial, and economical value, and initial low supply of N and Co is needed to increase nodulation, yield, and profit. A field experiment in 2010 was conducted at the University of Poonch Rawalakot located in the hilly region of the state of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of fertilization of N and Co on growth, nodulation, seed yield, seed composition of, and uptake of N and Co by pea plant. Treatments included three levels of N (0, 30, and 60 kg N·ha-1 and represented as N0, N30, and N60, respectively) combined with three levels of Co (0, 10, and 20 g Co·ha-1and represented as Co0, Co10, and Co20, respectively), and the control represented as N0Co0. Results indicated that most of the morphological characteristics were increased with N60. The greatest shoot length, root length, and chlorophyll content were recorded in the N60Co20. The number of root nodules increased from 6 in the control to 19with fertilization of N and Co. Yield responses to N–Co fertilization occurred to all rates, and the highest yield,2536 kg·ha-1, was observed in the treatment N60Co10. Total N and Co uptake in the plant (shoot + root + seed)ranged between 16-147% and 3-331% over the control, while seed protein increased by 13–198% over the control by application of N and Co. This study demonstrates that N- and Co-deficient soils are likely to produce crops with low yields and seeds with low protein levels, and therefore, appropriate management of soil N and Co could be an effective approach to increase and sustain pea production in the small holding mountain ecosystems.
Fahmida Ashraf,Cheol Woo Park 한국유변학회 2022 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.34 No.1
The present study investigated the transient pulsatile blood fl ow of Herschel–Bulkley fluid through tapered arteries with overlapping stenosis and hyperelastic wall material by employing fully coupled fluid–structure interaction technique. 3D ω-shaped tapered arteries with hyperelastic wall material were ideally modelled with different aspect ratios (ARs), stenosis severities (SSs) and tapering angles ( ). The effects of non-Newtonian Herschel–Bulkley fluid model on various parameters, such as , length of stenosed region ( L0 ) and SS, were explored for converging, diverging and normal arteries in terms of induced wall stresses, fl ow patterns and wall displacements. The differences in wall stress, fl ow streamlines, velocity and pressure contours were also highlighted. Wall pressure increases as SS increases; however, wall pressure suddenly decreases with the decrease in AR. The increase in SS in greater wall deformation with higher pressure gradients can be used as a remarkable indicator of hypertension. Higher average wall shear stress (AWSS) values were observed at the regions of high contact areas of stenosis to the fluid. The sudden fall in pressure can cause the stenosed vessel to collapse under the influence of low-pressure gradients. AR and L0 can be considered important parameters to predict hypertension in overlapping stenosed arteries. The contact region of stenosed arteries should be kept under observation to reduce the further development of atherosclerosis. Higher AWSS values may help in reducing the risk of thrombosis after the stenosed region in converging tapering arteries.
Individualized Therapy to Manage Quadriplegic Spastic Cerebral Palsy with Unani Treatment Modalities
Fahmida Kousar,Arshiya Sultana,Shahzadi Sultana,Taseen Banu,Arfa Begum 셀메드 세포교정의약학회 2023 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.13 No.14
Objective: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a neurodevelopment disorder attributed to an insult or injury to the developing brain with abnormalities in muscular tone, movement and motor skill. Improvement in quality of life and ameliorating symptoms can be achieved. Therefore, this case report details a distinctive approach to treating a 5-year-old male child with quadriplegic spastic cerebral palsy utilizing Unani treatment modalities. Methods: The treatment regimen commenced with ‘Habb Ayarij for constipation followed by Sharbat Ustukhuddus administered orally. Notably, Sharbat Ustukhuddus was combined with Melia Azedarach L. leaves vapour bath. Subsequently, Roghan Babunna douche was performed followed by Dalk Layyin and continued until symptomatic improvement was observed. Majun Falasfa, Khamira Marwareed and Khameera Gauzaban were administered for 30 days. The therapeutic outcome included anthropometrical measurements, developmental milestones, spasm/reflex scale, and muscle power grading. Results and conclusion: Over the course of a 2-year follow-up, several clinical findings emerged. These included notable improvements in anthropometric measurements, developmental milestones such as improved head control and sitting ability, and a reduction in spasticity of the upper limbs, along with decreased muscle spasms. The therapeutic outcome of this individualized and holistic approach is potentially due to the multifaceted properties of medicinal plants (Musakkin wa Muharrik wa Muqawwi-i- A‘sab wa Dimāgh, Munawwim, Dafi-i-Tashannuj, Muqawwi-i-Qalb-i-Ruh). Furthermore, the use of Dalk and Naṭūl was instrumental in providing nourishment to musculoskeletal cells and initiating intracellular signaling cascades. While these findings are encouraging, further research in the form of case series and randomized controlled trials is warranted to validate the efficacy of this unique holistic approach.