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Guo, Rui,Kim, Eunhye,Gong, Jinsam,Choi, Seunghoon,Ham, Sujin,Ryu, Du Yeol Royal Society of Chemistry 2011 Soft Matter Vol.7 No.15
<P>The microdomain orientation in thin films of cylinder- and lamella-forming polystyrene-<I>block</I>-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PS-<I>b</I>-PMMA) copolymers on polystyrene (PS) brushed (or grafted) substrates was studied using scanning force microscopy (SFM) and grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS), where the grafting density (σ) of the underlying PS layers are controlled. The perpendicular orientation for cylindrical and lamellar microdomains in PS-<I>b</I>-PMMA films was found when the grafting density range of the PS brush was adjusted, which is presumably caused by the surface heterogeneity of the effective PS brush chains on the PS brushed substrates, rather than the balanced interfacial interactions. These results suggest that the homopolymer brushed substrates of the same chemical identity with one component of BCP may serve as a facile means to achieve a desired microdomain orientation of BCP films by controlling σ of the underlying polymer layers.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>The surface heterogeneity by the effective polymer chains on the PS brushed substrates leads to the perpendicular orientation for cylindrical and lamellar microdomains in PS-<I>b</I>-PMMA films by controlling the grafting density of underlying polymer layers. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c1sm05562c'> </P>
성인학습자의 평생교육 참여가 사회적 자본 형성에 미치는 영향
박상옥(Park, SangOk),함은혜(Ham, EunHye),김훈호(Kim, HoonHo),이재준(Lee, JaeJun) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2018 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.18 No.13
이 연구는 평생교육 참여가 사회적 자본 형성에 미치는 영향을 살펴보는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 S시에 거주하는 성인들을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 최근 3년 간 지역사회 평생교육 프로그램 참여 경험이 있는 성인과 그렇지 않은 성 인을 비교・분석하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 평생교육 참여는 성인들의 사회적 자본 중 ‘네트워크’와 ‘주인의식’ 형성에 유의미한 영향을 주고 있는 반면, ‘사적신뢰’ 및 ‘공적 신뢰’에는 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않았으며, ‘삶의 질’ 수준을 통제할 경우 ‘주인의 식’ 형성에 미치는 영향 또한 유의미하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 평생교육 프로그램에 대한 ‘만족도’는 네 가지 사회적 자본 모두에 유의미한 영향을 미쳤으나, ‘삶의 질’ 수준을 통제할 경우 사회적 자본의 하위 영역 중 ‘주인의식’에만 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 요컨대, 평생교육 참여의 효과가 삶의 질 수준과 같은 다양한 사회적 요인들에 의해 달라질 수 있으나, 평생교육 참여가 주인의식이나 네트워크 등의 사회적 자본 형성에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 고려할 때 지속 적인 관심과 참여를 촉진시키기 위한 노력이 필요할 것으로 보인다. This study aims to investigate whether participation of lifelong learning programs have an effect on building social capital. Approximately 700 females and males participated in our survey, main findings are as follows: First, individuals’ participation in lifelong learning programs had a positive impact on increasing social capital, specifically network as well as citizenship. After controlling subjective well-being, however, the effect of participating in lifelong learning programs was significant only for network. Second, for those who have participated in lifelong learning programs, satisfaction with the programs significantly predicted their levels of citizenship once controlling subjective well-being. Finally, practical expectation of lifelong learning for enhancing social capital was discussed.
Md. Arefur Rahman,Eunhye Ham,Jun-Seok Lee,Un Taek Lim 한국응용곤충학회 2019 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2019 No.04
Minute pirate bug, Orius minutus (L.), is a native predator of many small insects such as aphid, scale, thrips, and mites in Korea. Seven chemical pesticides with lower ecotoxicity being used to control those pests were evaluated for acute toxicity against adult female O. minutus in glass scintillation vial assay. In the 1st batch experiment with three pesticides, flonicamid and buprofezin were least toxic whereas in the 2nd batch experiment with four pesticides spirotetramat and spiromesifen showed least toxicity. The corrected mortality of buprofezin and flonicamid became 100% on 55 and 47 h of exposure in 1st batch and that of spirotetramat and spiromesifen became 100% on 75 and 71 h of exposure in 2nd batch, respectively. In conclusion, flonicamid, buprofezin, spirotetramat, and spiromesifen was least toxic among the seven pesticides tested against adult female of O. minutus.
Lee, Seungeun,Lee, Eunhye,Ko, EunYi,Ham, Mina,Lee, Hye Min,Kim, Eun-Sook,Koh, Minsoo,Lim, Hyun Kyung,Jung, Joohee,Park, So Yeon,Moon, Aree Elsevier 2018 Cancer letters Vol.437 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are major components of tumor microenvironment that promote invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. In this study, we investigated the effect of TAMs on phenotypic conversion of non-neoplastic MCF10A human breast epithelial cells using an indirect co-culture system. Co-culture with TAMs induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, invasive phenotype, and MMP-9 upregulation in MCF10A cells. Comparative proteomic analysis revealed that endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductase (ERO)1-α was increased in MCF10A cells co-cultured with TAMs compared to that in mono-cultured cells. ERO1-α was crucial for TAMs-induced invasive phenotype and MMP-9 upregulation involving transcription factors c-fos and c-Jun. Cytokine array analysis showed that levels of interleukin (IL)-6, C-X-C motif ligand (CXCL)1, C-C motif ligand (CCL)2, growth-regulated protein (GRO), IL-8, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were increased in conditioned media of co-cultured cells. Among these cytokines increased in conditioned media of co-cultured cells, CCL2 was secreted from TAMs, leading to induction of ERO1-α, MMP-9 upregulation, and invasiveness in MCF10A cells. Our findings elucidated a molecular mechanism underlying the aggressive phenotypic change of non-neoplastic breast cells by co-culture with TAMs, providing useful information for prevention or treatment of recurrent breast cancer.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> TAMs induced invasion in MCF10A cells non-neoplastic human breast epithelial cells. </LI> <LI> ERO1-α was increased in MCF10A cells co-cultured with TAM. </LI> <LI> ERO1-α was crucial for the TAMs-induced invasive phenotype and MMP-9 upregulation. </LI> <LI> CCL2 was secreted from TAMs co-cultured with MCF10A cells. </LI> <LI> CCL2 induced ERO1-α, resulting MMP-9 upregulation and invasiveness in MCF10A cells. </LI> </UL> </P>