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버퍼층 및 열처리 효과가 CoFe/Cu 다층박막의 자기저항에 미치는 영향
오미영,송은영,이장로,김희중,김경민,김미양 숙명여자대학교 자연과학연구소 1996 자연과학논문집 Vol.- No.7
DC magnetron sputtering방법에 의해 Corning glass기판 위에 ?? 형태로 다층박막을 제작하여 버퍼층 종류(Fe, Cu, Cr, Ta)와 두께, 비자성층인 Cu두께 변화에 관한 자기저항비의존성을 조사하였다. 또한 이들 시료에 대하여 열처리를 행한 후 열처리가 이 시료의 구조, 자기적 성질 및 자기저항에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. Fe버퍼층의 두께가 60Å일 때 극대 자기저항비가 14%인 자기저항이 관찰되었고 Fe버퍼층과 Cr버퍼층을 갖는 시료를 비교한 경우 자기저항비는 그다지 차이가 없으나 Fe버퍼층이 있는 경우에 더 큰 포화자기장 및 자기 이력현상을 나타내었다. 250℃까지의 시료에 대한 열처리는 다층박막의 주기성을 유지한채 더 큰 결정립을 갖게 하여 자기저항비는 증가하였으나 그 이상의 온도에서는 계면 혼합 및 계면 확산에 의한 감소를 나타내었다. Giant magnetoresistance (GMR) and magnetic properties of CoFe/Cu multilayers prepared by dcmagnetron sputtering has been studied. We investigated the effect of Fe buffer layer thickness, different buffer layers, and annealing condition on GMR. For the 60Å Fe buffer layer thickness, maximum MR ratio 14% was found. When we have used different buffer layers, multilayers with Cr and Fe buffer show similar GMR magnitude, but multilayers with an Fe buffer have much higher saturation fields and hysteresis. The study of the dependence of the MR behaviors on annealing temperature, the MR ratio was increased to 250℃, but reduced at the temperature higher than 300℃ because of the interfacial diffuse.
오광중,김형국,최은화,조기철 부산대학교 환경문제연구소 1999 環境硏究報 Vol.17 No.1
For the efficient energy use and the protection of environmental pollution, attrition characteristics, depending on the component and the condition of sorbent for the purification of fuel gas, were analyzed by a fluidized-bed tester. Results of these studies can be summarized follows. 1) When Mn-based sorbent(M, MT, MFT) prepared with varying addictives and induration conditions was compared in terms of particle size distribution and AI(Attrition Index), MT and MFT possessing TiO2 and Fe203 had much higher attrition resistance than M. Attrition resistance of M, MT and MFT increased as bentonite contents and induration temperature increased, when bentonite contents induration temperature were changed from 2 to 5% and from 1000 to 1100℃, respectively. Therefore when powdery catalysts are prepared, the attrition rate can be considerably affected by the controls of addictive, binder and induration temperature. 2) Attrition tests using MT1100-5 were performed under the conditions that particle size distribution was uniform and had much more over +270mesh and under -325mesh. AI due to attrition was 8.83, 21.54 and 1.67%, respectively. Thus, initial particle size distribution showed a great influence on both produced fines distribution and attrition loss. Therefore, the size distribution of particles injected initially and the particle size that carried over showed be considered to reduce the loss of particulate materials and the replacement cost due to attrition. 3) An experiment using MT1100-5 sorbent was also carried out to predict AI as a function of time and particle size distribution during 23hr. AI of prepared sorbent was 4.54, 7.73, 9.08, 11.35 and 12.48 after 1.5, 3, 5, 9 and 23hr. respectively. Thus, it was shown that the amount of produced fines during the same time was shorten with the increase of time. The operating condition of dust capturing equipment and the rate of powder exchange needs to be considered because most of the fines due to fluidization of particulate material was generated at initial operation.
이중혈류유발 심폐소생술이 심정지를 유발한 개의 단기 생존율에 미치는 영향
황성오,조준휘,강구현,김성환,문중범,이강현,이승환,윤정한,최경훈,홍은석 대한응급의학회 2000 대한응급의학회지 Vol.11 No.3
Background and Objectives: We previously reported that, compared with standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation(S-CPR), better hemodynamic effects could be achieved by simultaneous sterno-thoracic cardiopulmonary resuscitation(SST-CPR) in which we compressed the sternum and constricted the thorax circumferentially during the systolic period by using a device. This study was designed to assess whether SST-CPR, compared with S-CPR, improve the survival rate of dogs with cardiac arrest. Subjects and methods: Twenty-five mongrel dogs(19∼31㎏) were enrolled in this study. After four minutes of ventricular fibrillation induced by an AC current, animals were randomized to resuscitate with either S-CPR(n=13) or SST-CPR(n=12). Epinephrine(1 ㎎) was injected into the right atrium every three minutes after the beginning of CPR. Defibrillation was attempted after 6 minutes of CPR. Standard advanced cardiac life support was started if defibrillation was not successful. Results: SST-CPR resulted in significantly(p<0.001) higher systolic arterial pressure(91±47 vs 47±24 ㎜ Hg), diastolic pressure(43±24 vs 17±10 ㎜ Hg), coronary perfusion pressure(35±25 vs 13±9㎜ Hg), and end tidal CO2 tension(9±4 vs 3±2 ㎜ Hg). Two of 13 animals(15 %) resuscitated with S-CPR and six of 12 animals(50%) resuscitated with SST-CPR survived until 12 hours after cardiac arrest(p<0.05). Donclusion: SST-CPR, compared with S-CPR, improves the short-term survival rate in canine cardiac arrest.
Buffer/CoFe/Cu/Co 샌드위치 박막의 자기저항 특성
김희중,김미양,오미영,이장로,송은영,김경민 숙명여자대학교 자연과학연구소 1996 자연과학논문집 Vol.- No.7
DC magnetron sputtering방법으로 Corning glass 기판위에 버퍼층을 Fe와 ??로 바꾸어가면서 보자력이 다른 ??와 Co를 이용하여 buffer/CoFe(35Å)/Cu(tÅ)/Cu(35Å)의 형태로 샌드위치 박막을 제작하고 자기저항비의 버퍼층 두께 및 비자성층 Cu층 두께, 자성층 두께 의존성을 조사하였다. 자기저항비와 포화 자기장(??)은 버퍼층의 두께가 두꺼워짐에 따라 증대하다가 극대치 3%를 보인 후 완만하게 감소하였다. NiFe, Fe버퍼층을 갖는 시료를 비교한 경우, 각각 CoFe층과 Co층 사이의 결합 자기장(??)은 큰 차이가 없었으나 NiFe버퍼층을 갖는 시료가 minor자기저항 곡선의 반가폭 ??는 감소하고 자기저항(MR) slope와 관련된 field senditivity(%/Oe)는 향상되었다. Buffer(tÅ)/CoFe(35Å)/Cu(50Å)/Co(35Å) sandwiches prepared by dc magnetron sputtering on a corning glass substrate using ?? and Co possess different coercivities. Dependence of magnetoresistance on the type and thickness of buffer layer, thickness of Cu and thickness of magnetic layer in buffer/CoFe/Cu/Co sandwiches were investigated. Magnetoresistance ratio and saturation field ?? increased as the thickness of buffer layer becomes thicker, then decreased smoothly after maximum value. Improved field sensitivity was realized by the use of ?? buffer layer.
Clinical and Radiological Features of Korean Patients With Anti-HMGCR Myopathy
Eun Kyoung Oh,Seung-Ah Lee,Hyun Joon Lee,Yoon Jin Cha,Sungjun Kim,Hyung-Soo Lee,Bum Chun Suh,Ha Young Shin,Seung Woo Kim,Byeol-A Yoon,Seong-il Oh,Yoo Hwan Kim,Joong-Yang Cho,Jeong Hee Cho,Ki-Han Kwon 대한신경과학회 2023 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.19 No.5
Background and Purpose To understand the characteristics of Korean patients with anti- 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenxyme A reductase (HMGCR) myopathy, we measured anti- HMGCR antibodies and analyzed the clinical, radiological, and pathological features of patients with anti-HMGCR myopathy. Methods We measured titers of anti-HMGCR antibodies in the sera of 99 patients with inflammatory myopathy, 36 patients with genetic myopathy, and 63 healthy subjects using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We tested 16 myositis-specific autoantibodies (MSAs) in all patients with anti-HMGCR myopathy. Results Positivity for the anti-HMGCR antibody was observed in 17 (4 males and 13 females) of 99 patients with inflammatory myopathy. The median age at symptom onset was 60 years. Ten (59%) of the patients with anti-HMGCR positivity had taken statins. The titer of anti- HMGCR antibodies was significantly higher in the statin-naïve group (median=230 U/mL, interquartile range=170–443 U/mL) than in the statin-exposed group (median=178 U/mL, interquartile range=105–210 U/mL, p=0.045). The most common symptom was proximal muscle weakness in 15 patients (88%), followed by myalgia in 9 (53%), neck weakness in 4 (24%), dysphagia in 3 (18%), and skin lesions in 2 (12%). The median titer of anti-HMGCR antibody was 202 U/mL. We found eight different MSAs in nine (53%) patients. The median disease duration from symptom onset to diagnosis was significantly shorter in the MSA-positive group than in the MSA-negative group (p=0.027). Conclusions Our study was the first to measure anti-HMGCR antibodies in inflammatory myopathy. It has provided new findings, including the suggestion of the coexistence of other MSAs in Korean patients.
Jang, Jung Eun,Ko, Myoung Seok,Yun, Ji-Young,Kim, Mi-Ok,Kim, Jin Hee,Park, Hye Sun,Kim, Ah-Ram,Kim, Hyuk-Joong,Kim, Bum Joong,Ahn, Young Eun,Oh, Jin Sun,Lee, Woo Je,Harris, Robert A.,Koh, Eun Hee,Lee, American Diabetes Association 2016 Diabetes Vol. No.
<P>Fibrosis of adipose tissue induces ectopic fat accumulation and insulin resistance by inhibiting adipose tissue expandability. Mechanisms responsible for the induction of adipose tissue fibrosis may provide therapeutic targets but are poorly understood. In this study, high-fat diet (HFD)-fed wild-type (WT) and iNOS(-/-) mice were used to examine the relationship between nitric oxide (NO) produced by macrophages and adipose tissue fibrosis. In contrast to WT mice, iNOS(-/-) mice fed an HFD were protected from infiltration of proinflammatory macrophages and adipose tissue fibrosis. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) protein level was increased in adipose tissue of HFD-fed WT mice, but not iNOS(-/-) mice. In contrast, the expression of mitochondrial biogenesis factors was decreased in HFD-fed WT mice, but not iNOS(-)/(-) mice. In studies with cultured cells, macrophage-derived NO decreased the expression of mitochondrial biogenesis factors, and increased HIF-1 alpha protein level, DNA damage, and phosphorylated p53 in preadipocytes. By activating p53 signaling, NO suppressed peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator is expression, which induced mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibited preadipocyte differentiation in adipocytes. The effects of NO were blocked by rosiglitazone. The findings suggest that NO produced by macrophages induces mitochondrial dysfunction in preadipocytes by activating p53 signaling, which in turn increases HIF-1 alpha protein level and promotes a profibrogenic response in preadipocytes that results in adipose tissue fibrosis.</P>