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Ginsenoside content of berries and roots of three typical Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng) cultivars.
Kim, Yong Kyoung,Yoo, Dae Seok,Xu, Hui,Park, Nam Il,Kim, Hyun Ho,Choi, Jae Eul,Park, Sang Un Natural Product Communications 2009 Natural product communications Vol.4 No.7
<P>The ginsenoside content of berries and roots of three cultivars of Korean ginseng have been investigated. For all cultivars, ginsenoside Re was the most abundant ginsenoside in roots and berries. However, berries produced more total ginsenosides, and berry the ginsenoside profile differed from that of roots. The ginsenoside Re content of berries was 4-6 times more than that of roots. Averaged across all cultivars, the amounts of the five ginsenosides in berries was Re > Rc approximately = Rg1 approximately = Rb1 approximately = Rd. For roots, the amounts were Re > Rg1 > Rb1 > Rc > Rd. Roots of the Yunpoong cultivar had the greatest ginsenoside content, followed by roots of the Chunpoong cultivar and the Gumpoong cultivar. The total amount of ginsenosides (especially Rb1, Re, and Rg1) was greatest in the Yunpoong cultivar.</P>
An Intermaxillary Fixation Screw Traction Wire: An Aid for Facial Bone Fracture Repair
Kim, Myung-Good,Yoo, Roh-Eul,Chang, Hak,Kwon, Sung-Tack,Baek, Rong-Min,Minn, Kyung-Won Lippincott Williams Wilkins, Inc. 2009 Annals of plastic surgery Vol.63 No.1
We have devised a new technique to improve stabilization of fractured facial bone fractures (frontal sinus fractures, zygomatic fractures, mandibular condyle fractures) by intermaxillary fixation screw traction wires (stainless steel wires through intermaxillary fixation screws). A retrospective study evaluating intermaxillary fixation screw traction wires was performed.We have used this technique for 3 cases of frontal sinus fractures, 9 cases of zygomatic fractures, and 7 cases of mandibular condyle fractures. After dissection of a fractured site, a hole is drilled on the fractured bone where it does not interfere with positioning the plate across the fracture line. After an intermaxillary fixation screw is inserted, a stainless steel wire is tied through a hole in the screw head. By the aid of wire for traction, the displaced fractured bone is easily aligned to the proper position. Plates and screws are applied readily on the predetermined area. A retrospective study on 19 patients using intermaxillary fixation screw traction wires was performed. The diagnoses and associated complications of the cases were recorded.No associated complication as a result of using this technique was identified. The use of intermaxillary fixation screw traction wire enhances stabilization and visualization without possible risk for surrounding soft tissue injury using, a sharp traction device like a bone hook.An intermaxillary fixation screw traction wire is an useful aid for visualization and stabilization during facial bone fracture reduction, particularly where exposure is difficult such as in the condylar region of the mandible. And unlike a classic traction wire, the intermaxillary fixation screw traction wire has almost no risk of having it loosened from the screw.
Kim, Kyung Lim,Chang, Jae Hoon,Ko, Eul Suk,Park, Sung Ha 한국화학공학회 1995 NICE Vol.13 No.3
A series of molybdenum nitride(Mo₂N) catalysts were prepared by a topotactic synthesis method using a TPR(Temperature Programmed Reaction) at various conditions(temperature ramping rate, NH₃ gas flow rate, final preparation temperature). The surface property and acidity of Mo₂N catalysts prepared at various prepared conditions were studied by SEM, XRD, BET, FT-IR and TGA. The hydrodenitrogenation(HDN) of pyridine in n-heptane over Mo2N catalyst (A1) was studied in a fixed bed continuous flow reactor (CATATEST) at the temperatures between 250-4500, the pressure at 20-40 X 10^5 Pa and the contact time between 0.01-0.05 g cat.hr./ml feed. The microstructure of Mo₂N catalyst was not changed at various preparation conditions by topotactic reaction. The XRD and BET studies showed that the extent of the crystallinity and the surface area of the prepared Mo₂N catalysts increased when the final preparation temperature increased and the temperature camping rate was lowered. In addition, from the TGA curve, the acid strength increased with the increase of the NH₃ gas flow rate. The results of pyridine hydrodenitrogenation(HDN) over Mo₂N catalyst showed that the catalytic activity (conversion %) increased as reaction temperature, reaction pressure, and contact time increases. The selectivity for piperidine possessed a maximum at 3500 regardless of the reaction pressure. Also, the selectivity for cracked products increased as reaction temperature and pressure increased. The activation energy was determined 7.16 kcal/mol by Arrehenius plot.