COVID-19 상황에서 온라인 비대면 수업에 대한 초등교사의 인식 - 과학교과를 중심으로 -

강유진 ( Kang¸ Eugene ),정도준 ( Jeong¸ Dojun ),박지훈 ( Park¸ Jihun ),김지나 ( Kim¸ Jina ),박종석 ( Park¸ Jongseok ),남정희 ( Nam¸ Jeonghee ) 한국초등과학교육학회 2021 초등과학교육 Vol.40 No.4

COVID-19 팬데믹의 위기는 전 세계적으로 교육 시스템에 큰 변화를 초래하였다. 우리나라에서도 COVID-19로 인한 사회적 거리두기 정책에 따라 갑작스럽게 비대면 수업으로 전환되었다. 준비 없는 비대면 수업으로 인해 초등학교 현장에서 발생하는 문제들로 볼 때 이와 관련된 연구가 필요한 상황이다. 본 연구는 초등교사가 인식하는 비대면 수업에서 과학교육의 목표와 방법, 과학탐구활동을 포함한 비대면 수업에서 발생한 문제와 초등교사의 대응, 비대면 수업 경험 후 비대면수업의 장단점과 교사의 역할에 대한 초등교사의 인식을 알아보고자 한다. 온라인 콘텐츠 활용 수업과 온라인 실시간 쌍방향 수업을 포함하는 온라인 비대면 수업을 시행한 초등교사를 대상으로 설문조사(153명)와 포커스 인터뷰(9명)를 실시하였다. 연구 결과에서 3가지 결론과 제안점을 도출하였다. 첫째, 초등교사들은 온라인 비대면 수업에서 비대면 방식에 따라 일방향 강의와 쌍방향 강의를 하였다. 온라인 비대면 수업에서 조사나 토론 등 강의 외의 수업방법을 활용하기 위해서는 교사들의 디지털 리터러시를 높일 필요가 있다. 둘째, 초등교사들은 비대면 수업에서 과학탐구활동의 어려움으로 현장 피드백의 어려움, 준비물 확보의 어려움, 안전 확보의 어려움을 인식하였다. 개인 실험을 위한 실험 꾸러미와 실험 영상을 제공하고 온라인에서 교사-학생, 학생-학생 간 협동적 논의와 피드백을 통해서 어려움을 극복할 수 있다. 셋째, 초등교사들은 비대면 수업의 장점으로 IT 기기를 사용하는 다양한 형태의 수업이 가능하고 개별화된 학습이 가능하다고 인식하였다. 단점으로는 탐구활동이나 협동학습과 같은 대면 기반 수업이 어렵고, 학생의 이해 정도를 알 수 없어서 피드백이 어려우며, 학생간의 상호작용이 어렵고, 학습 격차가 벌어진다고 인식하였다. The crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant changes in education systems worldwide, including in Korea. Due to COVID-19’s social distancing policies, the education system was suddenly switched to distance learning, resulting in many problems in primary schools without preparation. The purpose of this study was to investigate a teacher’s awareness of science education techniques, responses to issues in science classes, including inquiry activities, advantages and disadvantages, and roles after experiencing distance learning. Survey and focus interviews were conducted for primary school teachers who had previously participated in distance learning, such as online content classes and real-time interactive classes. The study findings showed three conclusions: 1) Primary school teachers conducted one-way and interactive lectures in online classes. It is vital to improve a teacher’s digital literacy to improve other teaching methods such as investigation and discussion in online classes. 2) Primary school teachers acknowledged the challenges of field feedback, inquiry item preparations, and safety in inquiry activities of science classes, by providing individual experimental packages and videos and using online discussion and feedback among teacher-student and student-student interactions. 3) Primary school teachers recognized that various types of classes using IT devices and individualized learning were possible as advantages of distance learning. As for disadvantages, it was acknowledged that inquiry activities, cooperative learning, immediate feedback, and interaction among students were challenging. Furthermore, learning gaps were wider in distance learning.

The Information Highway and Cable-Telephone Convergence in Canada

Eugene Lee(Eugene Lee) 한국캐나다학회 1996 Asia-Pacific Journal of Canadian Studies (APJCS) Vol.3 No.-

Making Friends with Communists: Canada's Diplomatic Relations with China, Cuba, and North Korea

Eugene Lee(Eugene Lee) 한국캐나다학회 1999 Asia-Pacific Journal of Canadian Studies (APJCS) Vol.5 No.-

Anatomical Consideration for Anterior Approach of Cervicothoracic Junction: A Computed Tomography Image Analysis

Eugene J. Park,Bo-Gil Jeong,Woo-Kie Min 대한정형외과학회 2023 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.15 No.5

Background: In the cervicothoracic junction (CTJ), there is limited working space to perform the posterior-only approach. Therefore, a combined anterior approach is required in some cases. However, the great vessels and sternum obstruct the anterior corridor and make the anterior approach difficult. We analyzed relevant anatomical structures encountered during the anterior approach in the CTJ and evaluated the feasibility of previously reported surgical corridors. Methods: We retrospectively examined 49 patients who underwent neck computed tomography angiography between January 2015 and May 2020. Using the coronal images, we measured the intercarotid artery angle (ICAA), intercarotid artery distance (ICAD), shape of the brachiocephalic trunk (BCT), and position of the BCT base. We then measured the most cranial level requiring manubriotomy for the anterior approach (ML), the most caudal level accessible through the superior corridor (SC), and the most caudal level through the inferior corridor (IC) according to the surgeon’s line of sight using the sagittal axis image. Results: The mean ICAA and ICAD were 50.83° ± 15.23° and 33.38 ± 12.11 mm, respectively. Notably, BCT shape was of the convex type in most cases (42.9%), followed by the straight type (36.7%). In addition, the base of BCT was most commonly located inside the body (49%). Moreover, ICAA and ICAD were significantly greater in men. Although men mostly had the BCT base inside the body (64.3%), female mostly had it on the edge of the body (47.6%). Notably, ML showed the highest frequency (16.3%) in the T1 lower and upper bodies. Furthermore, through SC and IC, it was possible to approach the T4 lower body and T6 midbody, respectively. SC showed the highest frequency (16.3%) in the T3 lower body, and IC showed the highest frequency (20.4%) in the T5 midbody. Conclusions: ICAA and ICAD were larger and higher in men. BCT was convex and located inside the body in most cases. The accessible level of ML, SC, and IC were T1, T3, and T5, respectively. For the anterior approach in the CTJ, preoperative vascular and accessible level analysis of corridors is essential to decide on the appropriate corridor and reduce complications.

科學의 統一性

Eugene P. Wigner 세계평화교수협의회 1975 廣場 Vol.31 No.-

조선후기의 무과제도와 한국의 근대성

Eugene Y. Park 서울대학교 규장각한국학연구원 2010 한국문화 Vol.51 No.-

This study assesses the significance of the late Chosŏn military examination system in the context of Korean modernity. The military examination system underwent changes that suggest a broadening social base of political participation, increased social mobility, enhanced cultural diversity, and greater economic liberalization-all of which arguably are hallmark features of an early modern Eurasian society. In the case of late Chosŏn Korea which relatively free from invasion and rebellion, millions of Korean men chose to take the examination for military appointments. Utilizing a large database of some 35,000 military examination graduates (roughly a fifth of all men who earned their degrees from 1402 to 1894), this study argues that the military examination not only spurred the subdivision of the ruling elite, the aristocracy, into central civil official, central military official, and local aristocrat families but also contributed to the coexistence of aristocratic Confucian and syncretic popular cultures. The coexistence sustained cultural arenas where the elites and nonelites could share social values in more simplified forms, although ultimately derived from the Korean brand of Confucian ideology. For social elements with no realistic prospect of meaningful political participation, a military examination degree functioned as both a state-sanctioned status marker and a symbol of martial prowess, both of which potentially upheld a cardinal Confucian virtue-loyalty to the ruler.

Sovereignty, Biopower, Immunity: Racialized Bodies in Robinson Crusoe

( Eugene Pae ) 21세기영어영문학회 2020 영어영문학21 Vol.33 No.1

This paper employs theories of biopolitics to examine the narrator’s rise to sovereign power and his exercise of biopower upon racialized bodies in Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe. I argue that race is a crucial factor that not only enables but further complicates Crusoe’s exertion of sovereign authority. Drawing upon the narrative’s conflicted division between, or occasional conflation of, zoe and bios, key terms through which Giorgio Agamben explicates conditions of human life, this paper seeks to create an intervention in existing scholarly discussions by examining the complex nature of Crusoe’s sovereign power and sovereign exception. By closely examining scenes where Crusoe interacts with cannibals and his slave/companion Friday, with a particular focus on the narrator’s initial reluctance in, and ultimate enforcement of, punishing cannibals for their barbarity, this paper explores configurations of race in Defoe’s early novel. The analysis mainly focuses on how different characters’ racial identities serve as impacting factors in Crusoe’s sovereign decision. Crusoe’s sovereign power becomes a hybridized version of governing, in which elements of absolute sovereignty and disciplinary training merge. Roberto Esposito’s logic of immunization anchors the reading of Crusoe’s incorporation of the racialized Other into his sovereignty, in which his initial desire to establish a protective boundary between himself and foreign, threatening elements becomes altered. I read Crusoe’s education of Friday as a process of dilution that takes place in advance of immunization via vaccination. Tracing the theoretical discussions of governmentality and sovereignty in biopolitical theory through Defoe’s early novel, this paper seeks to examine how race serves as a biopolitical factor in Crusoe’s attempt to establish his sovereign power on the island.

JAPAN'S QUEST FOR GLOBAL LEADERSHIP

EUGENE LEE 통일연구원 1993 International journal of korean unification studie Vol.2 No.-

Legal Frameworks of Property Reclamation and Reconciliation: The Case of Kum Kang Mountain Resorts

Eugene Y. Roh,변우희,Timothy Jeonglyeol Lee 한국관광학회 2014 International Journal of Tourism Sciences Vol.14 No.1

The purpose of the study is to predict the future of Kum Kang Mountain (KKM) resort from the perspective of international property law with a particular emphasis on legal frameworks of property rights. The recent political movement in North Korea signals the expropriation of private property rights and an intention to nationalize capital and facilities. The prediction utilizes an analysis of various property expropriation cases as models. In particular, the case of Cyprus demonstrates specific areas of interest such as politics, sociocultural affairs, property disputes and tourism collaboration comparable with the KKM resort. Cases of war, migration, property expropriation and reconciliation, and attempted restoration of property are examined. The study also provides fundamental principles and rules of international property rights as they relate to the legality of expropriation. Preventive mechanisms and proactive ways to cope with expropriation risks are investigated. An evaluation of the current nature of the KKM resort shows that there are reasons to be optimistic about recovery for the property rather than pessimistic. However, the problems faced by the KKM resort must not be viewed solely from the perspective of tourism or the economy of North Korea. The recovery of the resort ought to be considered as a preliminary step in achieving the future unification of the Korean peninsula.

용도에 맞는 건조시설의 선택

Eugene M. Wengert,Fred M. Lamb 한국가구학회 1991 한국가구학회지 Vol.2 No.1