The Effects of Trust in Food Label Information and Negative Emotions about Food on Safety Behavior among Adult South Korean Consumers

Eugene Song,Hyun Jung Yoo 위기관리 이론과 실천 2016 위기관리 이론과 실천 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.08

Social Support Determines Consumer Performance of Environment-friendly Behaviors

Eugene Song,Seol A Kwon 위기관리 이론과 실천 2020 Journal of Safety and Crisis Management Vol.10 No.3

Environmental degradation is a global problem. In South Korea, despite an increase in environment-friendly attitudes, such behaviors and actions have been declining. This study examines the impact of social support on environment-friendly behaviors and explores potential measures to improve social support. An online questionnaire was conducted with 1,000 participants. The group with high social support showed a higher level of performance in terms of environment-friendly behaviors compared with the group with low social support. In the group with lower social support, higher emotional support and material support were associated with an increase in environment-friendly behaviors. In the group with high social support, all social support variables were significantly high, especially the effect of material support. Based on these results, we conclude that inducing emotional encouragement and support could enhance environment-friendly behaviors among the group with low social support. The group with high social support must be strengthened by providing material support to enhance environment-friendly behaviors.

위험커뮤니케이션 유형에 따른 소비자위험정보 수용 및 반응 척도 개발

Eugene Song,Hyun Jung Yoo 위기관리 이론과 실천 2016 Crisisonomy Vol.12 No.7

현대사회의 위험은 다분히 전문적이기 때문에 소비자들은 매스미디어에서 제공되는 위험커뮤니케이션에 의존할 수밖에 없다. 따라서 매스미디어가 전달하는 위험커뮤니케이션은 과학기술이 발전할수록 더더욱 중요해 진다. 이에 본 연구는 위험커뮤니케이션 유형을 구분하고, 이러한 위험커뮤니케이션 유형에 따른 소비자의 반응을 측정하는 척도를 개발하고자 하였다. 본 연구를 통해 개발된 척도의 요인은 위험인식, 사회적 신뢰, 정보수용도, 불안감, 안전태도, 안전행동의 6개 요인으로 구성되었다. 본 연구를 통해 개발된 척도는 향후에 위험사고가 발생 시에 위험커뮤니케이션에 따른 소비자의 반응을 지속적으로 측정하여 데이터를 축적하고 분석함으로써 소비자들에게 올바른 방법으로 위험정보를 제공하는 전략을 모색하여 소비자는 올바른 정보를 효과적으로 습득하고, 정보원은 소비자들의 신뢰를 회복하며, 시장의 불안요소를 제거하는 등 안정된 사회를 구현하는 데 전략적으로 활용할 수 있을 것이다. Since the risks in a modern society are quite specified, consumers depend on the risk communication provided by mass media. As science and technology advance, the importance of risk communication provided by mass media is growing. This study categorizes the risk communication types and develops the index of measuring consumer responses based on these types. The index consists of six factors: risk perception, social trust, information acceptance, anxiety, safety attitude, and safety behavior. The index is utilized in measuring the consumer responses based on the types of risk communication in the case of a risky accident and the data collected through this index are accumulated and analyzed. We expect that the strategies to help consumers gather the true information about products play a role of building the trust of consumers toward producers and the source of information restore the trust from consumers. In a market, therefore, the unstable factors, hindering social trust will be eliminated in our society.

Factor Influencing Korean Consumers’ Buycott Participation in the Context of COVID-19

Eugene Song,Hyun Jung Yoo 위기관리 이론과 실천 2021 Crisisonomy Vol.17 No.4

COVID-19 is causing huge economic and social damage worldwide. This study identifies factors that affect Korean consumers’ intent to participate in a specific consumer movement aimed at mitigating the economic impacts of the pandemic. An online survey was conducted with 620 adult consumers in Korea over eight days from May 18-25, 2020. The data were analyzed via structural equation modeling using the following factors: social support, social trust, optimism about overcoming the crisis, buycott participation motivation, and buycott participation intent. The results show that social support and social trust have a positive effect on the participation intent for buycotting through optimism about overcoming the crisis. Additionally, reciprocity and self-esteem motives increase buycott participation motivation. People who have been financially impacted by COVID-19 should be supported, and we remain optimistic about overcoming the crisis. We also need to encourage reciprocity and self-esteem motives though public advertising.

Gender and Attitude to Fair Trade : Examination of the Mediation Effect by Consumer Social Mindedness

Eugene Song 한국마케팅과학회 2011 마케팅과학연구 Vol.21 No.1

公平交易是一?可??商?模式,其特点于“生?商和?家之?的直接交易,?生?商??更价格相?更高更公平,是?家和生?者之?的?期保?,依?于信用?系,更高的???准,而且更?保(Golding,2010)。??始是?了?小?富差距(主要是北半球的消?者?南半球的小?模??和??者之?),因?在??市??系中,?人?法提高生活?量。据美?Transfair?道,??的??豆?民?出3美元拿?只能?利2美分(公平交易?盟,2010)。 其基本思路是,生?者?至少??生?成本,?且?使价格高于市?价格,?家也?支付。?有中?商就?保了??“高于正常市?价格”也就是所?的公平价格,不??高。例如,根据公平交易????的?准,??公平交易保????民每公斤??豆最高可?取的价格的百分之十(公平交易?盟,2010). 最近,?着全球?量和消?者?公平交易的??的快速上升,理解的消?者??公平交易?品?得更加重要。以往硏究主要??了?洲和北美消?者?公平交易?品的???机,以及他?的人口特征。有趣的是,消?者人口???量,如性?,?公平交易?品消?的影?好??半。一些硏究表明,女性消?者?公平交易?品更感?趣,?且?点和在其他地方硏究中得出的有?道德消?(e.g.,Kwong,Yau,Lee,Sin,and Tse 2003)和商??境中的道德抉?(e.g.,Bampton and Maclagan 2009)基本一致。然而,其他硏究指出,在公平交易无性?差?(Doran 2009)。 ?于性?影?好??半的其中一?解?也?是消?者性?和性??同之?的差?。通常情?下,社?科?中,sex是指生物?上男性和女性的??,gender?更多?心理范?有?((Fischer and Arnold, 1994)。普遍??,消?硏究采用性??同作??量比默?性?更容易解?(Fischer and Arnold,1994)。具??施方法之一是使用消?者男性/女性的价?取向,其??人成?所?的文化有?,可能?生物性?一致但也可能不然(Hofstede,2001)。?然?有直接聚焦于女性交易,Doran硏究的消?者的价??和他??公平交易消?的影?表明,公平交易?品的消?者往往表??更多?注他人利益,也就是,公平交易的?民。因此,建?更在乎他人利益的女性消?者,更加?注???家?困?民的利益。因此,提出假?1如下: 假? 1a:女性消?者在公平交易中更??。 假? 1b:?人价?取向上偏女性化的男性消?者在公平文易中?(否)更??。 如前所述,一些公平交易的硏究表明,消?者人口???据的影?好??半。?于??差?,有人??,和其他更主要的?量相比,消?者和非消?者的人口???差??得微不足道(Doran,2009,2010)。Doran(2010)指出,价?普遍性?公平交易消?有?。?一?硏究也表明,道德消?水平影?消?者?公平交易的?度(Kim et al., 2009)。?些硏究?明,一些高??量?影?消?者的社??任行?,比如?公平交易更加??的?度。 此外,? Currently many research reported that more and more consumers consider ethical factors as one of the more critical cues in their decision making (Bray, Johns, and Kilburn 2011). This study is interested in one particular area of ethical consumption, purchasing fair trade products. Fair trade is an alternative business model which is characterized by “direct trade between producers and buyers, relatively higher and fair price for producers, long-term commitment between buyers and producers, reliance on credit system, higher labor standards, and upholding environmental concerns (Golding, 2010). It started as an effort to narrow the gap between the haves (mainly consumers of the northern hemisphere) and the have-nots (small scale farmers and laborers of the southern hemisphere) who have little chance of improving the quality of life in the conventional marketing system. According to Transfair USA, conventional coffee bean farmers receive only two cents from the sale of $3 latte (Fair Trade Federation, 2010). The basic idea is that producers should earn at least the cost of production and buyers should pay as much even though the price is higher than the market price. Having few middlemen ensures this higher-than-regular market price, which is called the fair price, not very high. For example, typically fair trade certified coffee farmers can earn ten cent premium on top of the per kilo price of coffee beans, according to Fairtrade Labeling Organization standards (Fair Trade Federation, 2010). As the global sales volume and consumers’ awareness of fair trade is increasing rapidly recently, understanding consumers who buy fair trade products gets more important. Previous research which mainly performed in Europe and North America has investigated consumers’ purchasing motivation of fair trade products, as well as their demographic characteristics. It is interesting that the effect of consumers’ demographic variables, such as gender on the consumption of fair trade products has been mixed. Some research suggested that female consumers were more interested in fair trade products in general and that was in line with the result from the research on other venues of ethical consumption (e.g., Kwong, Yau, Lee, Sin, and Tse 2003) and ethical decision making in business settings (e.g., Bampton and Maclagan, 2009). However, other studies pointed out that there were no gender differences in fair trade consumption (Doran, 2009). One possible explanation for the mixed results of gender effects might lie with the difference between sex and gender identity of consumers. Typically, in social sciences sex refers to biologically based distinction of male and female, and gender is more about the psychological aspects related to sex (Fischer and Arnold, 1994). It has been argued that gender identity has more explanatory power than sex and should be used in consumer research instead of the default sex as a variable (Fischer and Arnold, 1994). One way to operationalize gender is using consumers’ masculine/feminine value orientation, which individuals internalized growing up in their culture and might or might not be consistent with ones’ biological sex (Hofstede, 2001). While not directly deals with the focal topic of femininity, Doran’s study of consumer values and their influence on fair trade consumption indicated that consumers of fair trade products tend to exhibit higher concerns of the welfare of out-group members, that is, fair trade farmers. Thus, it is suggested that consumers with higher level of femininity, who care more about other people’s welfare, will be more interested in welfare of poor farmers in faraway countries. Thus, hypothesis 1 is proposed as below. H1a. Female consumers will show more positive attitude toward fair trade. H1b. Consumers who are more feminine (masculine) in their personal value orientation will show more (less) positive attitude toward fair trade.

휴리스틱 - 체계적 정보처리 단서가 온라인 중고거래에서의 지각된 위험과 거래의도에 미치는 영향

송유진(Song, Eugene) 한국소비자원 2020 消費者問題硏究 Vol.51 No.1

텍스트 마이닝과 언어네트워크분석을 이용한 일본제품 불매운동의 특징과 의의 탐색

송유진(Song, Eugene) 한국소비문화학회 2020 소비문화연구 Vol.23 No.1

In 2019, the No Japan movement spread around the nation as a pan-national consumer movement. This study set out to investigate the characteristics and significance of the No Japan movement through text mining and semantic network analysis. Analyzed in the study were 3,075 comments for online postings about the No Japan movement and opinions about the movement from 1,000 adult consumers. Based on the analysis, the study identified four characteristics of the No Japan movement: participation in the No Japan movement by small enterprises as well as consumers, support for the No Japan movement between corporations and consumers, the No Japan movement as a patriotic act, and the attitude of mutual respect. The study then arranged the significance of the No Japan movement. From a social aspect, the No Japan movement is significant in that the market subjects are aware of their roles as subjects of social reform. One of the major features of the No Japan movement is the expansion of participating subjects. Consumers and corporations, who have been in opposite positions in the market, try to solve the social issues independently as a community in pursuit of common goals on international issues between two nations. In the economic aspect, the No Japan movement is accepted as a chance for self-reliance and a leap forward. Today, consumers of South Korea show a futureoriented attitude by proposing the directions of taking a leap into the future during a crisis. The No Japan movement is significant as an act of self-expression for individual consumers. They are no longer limited by the criticism of boycott based on results and expand to express their belief and faith and cultivate their self-consciousness in the process of participating in the No Japan movement, which adds further significance to the No Japan movement. 2019년 일본제품 불매운동이 범국민적 소비자운동으로 확대되었다. 이에 본 연구는 텍스트 마이닝과 언어네트 워크분석을 활용하여 일본제품 불매운동의 특성과 의의를 탐색하였다. 일본제품 불매운동에 관한 온라인 게시글의 댓글 3,075개와 성인소비자 1,000명의 일본제품 불매운동에 대한 의견을 분석자료로 활용하였다. 분석결과를 토대로 일본제품 불매운동의 네 가지 특징으로 소비자를 비롯한 소상공인의 불매운동 참여, 기업과 소비자의 상호지지, 애국적 행위로써 불매운동, 상호존중의 태도가 도출되었다. 일본제품 불매운동의 의의를 정리한 결과는 다음과 같다. 사회적 측면의 의의는 시장주체들이 사회개혁의 주체로써의 역할을 인식하고 있다는 것이다. 이번 불매운동의 주요 특징은 참여주체가 확대되었다는 점이다. 시장에서 서로 상반된 위치에서 경쟁해오던 소비자와 기업이 공동의 목표를 추구하는 운명공동체로써 주체적으로 사회문제를 해결하려는 태도를 보이고 있다. 경제적 측면에서 의의는 불매운동을 자립과 도약의 기회로 받아들이고 있다는 것이다. 현대의 국내 소비자들은 위기 속에서 미래 도약의 방향을 제시하는 등 미래지향적 태도를 보이고 있다. 소비자 측면에서 불매운동은 자기표현적 행위로써의 의의가 있다. 불매운동이 더 이상 결과론적 입장에 국한되지 않고 불매운동 참여과정에서 자신의 소신과 신념을 표현하고 자아의식을 고양하는 과정으로 확대되고 있다.

친환경 소비 이슈 변화에 관한 연구 - LDA 토픽모델링 분석을 적용하여 -

송유진(Eugene Song),권설아(Seol-A Kwon) 한국콘텐츠학회 2022 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.22 No.6

본 연구는 ‘친환경 소비’라는 단어를 포함하고 있는 온라인 미디어 게시글을 분석함으로써 ‘친환경 소비’ 이슈를 탐색하고, 이슈의 변화 양상을 규명하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 2005년부터 2020년까지 5년 간격으로 기간을 정하고 ‘친환경 소비’, ‘친환경 생활’이라는 단어를 포함하고 있는 네이버 블로그 게시글 6,812개를 수집하여 분석하였다. 연구결과 2005년에는 환경문제 발생원인의 진단이 주요한 이슈였으나 점차 ‘친환경 소비’에 가치를 부여하고 올바른 친환경 소비를 위한 기준과 대안을 마련하는 방향으로 소비이슈가 확대 · 발전 되고 있었다. 2020년에는 친환경 소비가치와 바람직한 소비실천이 사회운동으로 확산 되는 움직임이 포착되었다. 그러나 상대적으로 절제와 검소한 소비생활에 대한 논의는 드러나고 있지 않아 향후에는 친환경 소비의 방향성을 보다 고차원적 관점에서 절제와 검소한 삶에 대한 의제를 깊이 검토하고 이슈화 시킬 필요가 있다. This study explores the issues of “eco-friendly consumption” through online media posts, and aims to identify changes in it. Total 6,812 blog posts on Naver, that included the words “eco-friendly consumption” and “eco-friendly lifestyle,” published between 2005 and 2020, in five-year intervals, were analyzed. The results illustrated that consumption issues began with the identification of the causes of environmental problems however, “eco-friendly consumption” gradually gained importance, until it developed into preparing standards and alternatives for proper “eco-friendly consumption.” In 2020, “eco-friendly consumption” values and ideal consumption practices were expanded into social movements. However, there is relatively little discussion on controlled and modest spending. Therefore, for the future direction of “eco-friendly consumption,” it is necessary to thoroughly examine and highlight the agenda of controlled and modest living from a higher perspective.

소비자의 환경체감도와 환경문제인식, 친환경 행동의도의 변화에 관한 연구

송유진 ( Song Eugene ),유현정 ( Yoo Hyun-jung ) 동의대학교 지방자치연구소 2021 공공정책연구 Vol.38 No.3

본 연구는 소비자의 친환경 소비생활 활성화 방안을 마련하기 위하여 2016년, 2018년, 2020년의 소비자들의 환경체감도와 환경문제인식, 환경변화 평가 및 예측, 친환경 실천행동의 변화양상을 비교분석하였다. 주요 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 환경체감도와 환경문제인식, 환경변화 평가 및 예측, 친환경 실천행동이 기간별로 유의미한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 친환경 실천행동에 영향을 미치는 요인의 경로값이 기간별로 상이한 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 미래체감환경은 환경체감도가 친환경 행동의도에 미치는 영향력을 긍정적으로 조절하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 변화하는 소비자의 환경 가치관과 인식 고려해야 하여 정책의 방향을 모색해야 할 것이며, 친환경 실천행동에 대한 사명감과 태도 함양에 초점을 두고 친환경 소비자교육 제도를 마련해야 할 것이다. This study set out to investigate the changes to consumers’ feelings about the environment, awareness of environmental issues, and environment-friendly behavioral intention in changing social environments by period to understand each variable and analyze differences in the effects of these feelings about the environment and the awareness of environmental issues on environment-friendly behavioral intention according to period. The findings show some noteworthy points: first, consumers’ awareness of environmental issues had a significant decrease from 2016 to 2020, which may reflect their numbness to environmental issues as they take these issues for granted due to the spread of information about their severity for approximately 50 years since the 1970s; secondly, the average score for consumers’ public environment-friendly behavioral intention has increased over time, and their private environment-friendly behavioral intention scored the highest overall points in 2020, which shows no pattern of increasing according to period; third, feelings about the environment and the awareness of environmental issues had positive effects on public or private environment-friendly behavioral intentions; finally, if the consumers had positive evaluations of the future environment, it would actually have greater effects on their public or private environment-friendly behavioral intention. Based on these findings, the study made the following proposals for an environment-friendly system: first, the consumers’ values and trends of the concerned period should be taken into consideration to make environment-friendly consumption policies; secondly, the focus of education should be on a sense of mission to implement environment-friendly practices or environment-friendly consumption attitudes.

Arthritis on temporomandibular joint in rabbit by collagenase injection (초)

( Dong Seok Song ),( Ki Hyun Kim ),( Jae Yeol Lee ),( Eugene Jung ),( Sang Wook Ahn ),( Jin Woo Song ),( Chul Hun Kim ),( Sang Hun Shin ),( In Kyo Chung ) 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2010 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.32 No.2s