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Antonisamy, P.,Duraipandiyan, V.,Aravinthan, A.,Al-Dhabi, N.A.,Ignacimuthu, S.,Choi, K.C.,Kim, J.H. North-Holland ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2015 european journal of pharmacology Vol.750 No.-
The current study was aimed to investigate the gastroprotective effects of friedelin isolated from the hexane extract of leaves of Azima tetracantha. Ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model was used to investigate the gastroprotective effects of friedelin. Antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide, gastric vascular permeability, pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis level have been investigated. Ethanol caused severe gastric damage and friedelin pretreatment protected against its deleterious role. Antioxidant enzyme activities, anti-inflammatory cytokines, prostaglandin E<SUB>2</SUB> (PGE<SUB>2</SUB>), constitutive nitric oxide synthase (cNOS) and mucus weight have been increased significantly. However, the vascular permeability, pro-inflammatory cytokines, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), caspase-3 and apoptosis level have significantly been decreased after friedelin ingestion. The present study has clearly demonstrated the anti-ulcer potential of friedelin, these findings suggested that friedelin could be a new useful natural gastroprotective tool against gastric ulcer.
Antonisamy, P.,Dhanasekaran, M.,Ignacimuthu, S.,Duraipandiyan, V.,Balthazar, J.D.,Agastian, P.,Kim, J.H. G. Fischer 2014 Phytomedicine Vol.21 No.7
The present study evaluated the gastroprotective effect of epoxy clerodane diterpene (ECD), isolated from Tinospora cordifolia on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Administration of indomethacin exhibits extreme levels of ulcer index (UI) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. Indomethacin down regulated PGE<SUB>2</SUB>, anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10) and pro-angiogenic factors (VEGF and EGF). The ECD pretreatment considerably increased the levels of PGE<SUB>2</SUB>, anti-inflammatory cytokines and pro-angiogenic factors. The ulcer-healing activity of ECD was inhibited by pre-administration of the specific COX-1 inhibitor (SC560) and nonspecific NOS inhibitor (l-NAME), which indicates the involvement of PGE<SUB>2</SUB> and NOS in ECD induced ulcer healing activity. These findings suggest that ECD exerts its antiulcer activity by reinforcement of defensive elements and diminishing the offensive elements.
Antonisamy, Paulrayer,Kannan, Ponnusamy,Aravinthan, Adithan,Duraipandiyan, Veeramuthu,Valan Arasu, Mariadhas,Ignacimuthu, Savarimuthu,Abdullah Al-Dhabi, Naif,Kim, Jong-Hoon Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2014 The Scientific World Journal Vol.2014 No.-
<P><I>Chromobacterium violaceum</I>, Gram-negative bacteria species found in tropical regions of the world, produces a distinct deep violet-colored pigment called violacein. In the present study, we investigated whether violacein can promote a gastroprotective effect and verified the possible mechanisms involved in this action. For this study, an indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer rat model was used. The roles of biomolecules such as MPO, PGE<SUB>2</SUB>, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, caspase-3, NO, K<SUP>+</SUP>ATP channels, and <I>α</I><SUB>2</SUB>-receptors were investigated. Violacein exhibited significant gastroprotective effect against indomethacin-induced lesions, while pretreatment with L-NAME and glibenclamide (but not with NEM or yohimbine) was able to reverse this action. Pretreatment with violacein also restored cNOS level to normal and led to attenuation of enhanced apoptosis and gastric microvascular permeability. Our results suggest that violacein provides a significant gastroprotective effect in an indomethacin-induced ulcer model through the maintenance of some vital protein molecules, and this effect appears to be mediated, at least in part, by endogenous prostaglandins, NOS, K<SUP>+</SUP>ATP channel opening, and inhibition of apoptosis and gastric microvascular permeability.</P>