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        Glioblastoma Multiforme with Subcutaneous Metastases, Case Report and Literature Review

        Guo, Liemei,Qiu, Yongming,Ge, Jianwei,Zhou, Dongxue The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2012 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.52 No.5

        Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor and the most malignant astrocytoma in adults, with rare extra-cranial metastases, especially for subcutaneous metastases. It could be easily misdiagnosed as primary subcutaneous tumor. In this report, we describe a patient with pontine GBM who developed a subcutaneous swelling at the ipsilateral posterior cervical region 8 months after operation, and the pathological and immunocytochemical examination carry the same characteristics as the primary intracranial GBM cells, which defined it as subcutaneous metastasis. GBM with subcutaneous metastasis is extremely rare, and knowledge of a prior intracranial GBM, pathological examinations and immunocytochemical tests with markers typically expressed by GBM are of vital importance for the diagnosis of GBM metastasis. Surgical resection of subcutaneous swelling, followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy, could be the best strategy of treatment for the patients with GBM subcutaneous metastasis.

      • Reliability Analysis of Relay Protection Based on the Fuzzy-Markov Model

        Ganggang Hao,Huanxin Guan,Dongxue Qiu,Wei Du 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.8 No.10

        Relay protection and safety device are regarded as the sentry of safe and reliable operation of the power grid. It plays a very important role in the power grid, and can determine whether the normal operation of the power system. This article considers the influence of the fuzzy uncertainty of relay protection failure rate to power system on the basis of Markov model, and researches the dynamic fault tree analysis method in the case of fuzzy failure parameter. A dynamic fault model has been built. The triangular fuzzy numbers are used to express the failure rate of the components and system, after which the fuzzy Markov model has been established based on the dynamic fault tree model obtained before. The fuzzy reliability curve and fuzzy failure probability on given degree of membership could be obtained. Finally, the fuzzy Markov model based dynamic fault tree analysis method is used for reliability modeling and analysis of relay protection. The results show that this method can conduct reliability modeling and quantitative assessment effectively for systems which have dynamic failure characteristics and uncertainty of failure rate.

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        A short-type peptidoglycan recognition protein from Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée) exhibits antibacterial activity, and regulates the expression of antimicrobial peptides

        Qiao Peitong,Mei Xianghan,Li Ruixiang,Zhao Qiaoling,Xia Dingguo,Qiu Zhiyong,Shen Dongxu 한국응용곤충학회 2022 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.25 No.4

        Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) discriminate and bind peptidoglycans by acting as pattern recog nition receptors (PRRs) in insects, and function pivotal roles in innate immune response. In the present study, we cloned a full-length PGRP gene designed as OfPGRP8 from the Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée). Its mRNA exhibited the highest abundance in fat body, and its expression level upregulated dramatically after bacterial challenges. Purified recombinant OfPGRP8 exhibited intensive binding capacity to peptidoglycans from Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus luteus. Additionally, recombinant OfPGRP8 could inhibit the growth of S. aureus, M. luteus. However, recombinant OfPGRP8 could not cause agglutination of S. aureus, M. luteus or Escherichia coli. Furthermore, we also demonstrated that OfPGRP8 may be involved in modulating the signaling pathway of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) synthesis. In sum, our results provided evidence that OfPGRP8 dis criminates peptidoglycans from microbes and acts as a PRR to initiate downstream immune signaling pathways.

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