A Particle Swarm Optimization-Based Multi-level Processing Parameters Optimization Method for Controlling Microstructures of an Aged Superalloy During Isothermal Forging

Dong‑Dong Chen,Y. C. Lin 대한금속·재료학회 2019 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.25 No.5

To obtain the designed target microstructures of an aged superalloy during isothermal forging, a multi-level processingparameters optimization method is developed based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. In the developedmethod, the accurate material models are used to characterize the microstructural evolution. Based on the designed targetmicrostructures, the global and local optimality criterions are constructed to alternately optimize global and local multi-levelprocessing parameters by the PSO algorithm with a linear decreasing inertia weight strategy. The optimized initial volumefraction of δ phase (δVF), deformation temperature and strain rate are 12.95%, 1000 °C and 0.001 s−1, respectively. Accordingto these optimized parameters, the recrystallization volume fraction, average grain size and δVF are 100%, 11.2 μm and2.1%, respectively, which well agree with the designed targets. Additionally, the processing parameters optimized by thedeveloped method and traditional processing maps are compared. It is found that the developed method is more effective tocontrol microstructures for the studied superalloy.

경피흡수제제의 약동학적 분석 : Ketoprofen 첩포제의 예

장인진,임동석,이우영,신상구 大韓臨床藥理學會 1994 臨床藥理學會誌 Vol.2 No.2

美國急進主義運動의 擡頭와 衰退要因硏究

鄭然植,金慶麟,陳壽美,金東根 慶北大學校 1986 論文集 Vol.42 No.-

The purpose of this study is to explore the unfolding of the radical movement in the United States during the turn of this century. It particularly concerns about the factors determining the uprising of the radicalism at the end of the 19th century and its fall with the World War Ⅰ. The rise of American radical movement can be traced back to the industrializing era after the Civil War. It started as a reaction to the evils resulted from the rapid industrialization. Initially several movements broke out sporadically, however, until the radical ideology from Europe was flowed in. Then, the radical movement was accelerated. During this period, the leading figures who particularly influenced the development of the movement were: De Leon from the Socialist Labor Party; Gompers from the American Federation of Labor; Debs from the Socialist Party; and Haywood from the Industrial Workers of the World, etc. The movement in this era was unfolded the following historical phases: from 1870s to 1880s, the preparation stage of organizing the movement; 1890s, early action stage characterized by the Populist Movement, Pullman Strike, etc.; 1900s, the flourishing phase led by the Socialist Party and IWW; the declining phase was followed since the end of 1910s; after 1920s, American pragmatism again prevailed over radicalism. Factors attributed to the rise of the radical movement are: depravation of entrepreneurship; recurrent economic crises; deterioration of labor conditions; the influence of Marxism; and insensitive attitudes on the part of the capitalists and government. This paper also suggests the factors determining the decline of the movement: the rise of the American patriotism around the World War Ⅰ era; government's strong counteractions; anti-socialism prevailed by the negative impact of the Soviet Revolution; collapse of the movement organizations; economic recovery after the War; and the government's implementations of reforming policies. At conclusion, radicalism in the United States has played the preventive role against the risk of irreversible corruption of the Establishment and its rigidity.

Isolation, Identification, and Performance Studies of a Novel Paraffin-degrading Bacterium of Gordonia amicalis LH3

Dong-Hui Hao,Xin Song,Jian-Qiang Lin,Yu-Jie Su,Yin-Bo Qu,Jian-Qun Lin 한국생물공학회 2008 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.13 No.1

In this study, we describe the isolation and identification of a novel long-chain n-alkane degrading strain, Gordonia amicalis LH3. Under aerobic conditions, it utilized approximately 18.0% of paraffin (2% w/v) after 10 day of incubation, and the paraffin compositions of C18C24 alkalines were utilized preferentially. Under anaerobic conditions, paraffin utilization was approximately 1/8 that seen under aerobic conditions, and the compositions of C34 and C36 alkalines were utilized preferentially. The effects of salinity, temperature, and biosurfactants on paraffin degradation were also evaluated. The strain was also demonstrated to grow on oil, and decreased oil viscosity by 44.7% and degraded oil by 10.4% under aerobic conditions. Our results indicated that G. amicalis LH3 has potential applications in paraffin control, microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR), and the bioremediation of hydrocarbon-polluted environments.

The impacts of urban spatial structure and socio-economic factors on patterns of commuting: a review

Dong Lin,Andrew Allan,Jianqiang Cui 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2015 도시과학국제저널 Vol.19 No.2

Previous studies have reported that urban spatial structure and the spatial relationship between jobs and housing are strongly correlated with commuting patterns. Nevertheless, a number of studies have also supported the concept that the spatial relationship between workplaces and residences cannot be the only reason behind observed commuting behaviour. Some ‘soft’ factors also affect people's commuting patterns. When considering these ‘soft’ factors, urban land development patterns such as urban structure and the spatial relationship between jobs and housing must not be overlooked. In this paper, we first conduct a brief review of the debate about how urban spatial structure and the jobs–housing relationship affect commuting patterns. Then we mainly focus on the ‘soft’ factors related to commuting behaviour. We divided the ‘soft factors’ into city-level factors and individual- and household-level factors. These perspectives will offer insights to identify a set of key factors that could affect the patterns of commuting.

Restricting Factors and Countermeasures of Development in Business Services Industry of Shandong Province

Dong Hua Lin,Wen Xiu Zhai 한국유통과학회 2013 KODISA ICBE (International Conference on Business Vol.2013 No.-

Firstly, this article expounds that business service industry plays an important role in adjusting industrial structure, transforming mode of economic growth, improving people's living standards, enhancing Enterprise's Kernel Competitiveness and promoting the development of service industry. Then it analyzes the development of business services in Shandong from two perspectives. The first perspective, by using methodology for statistical analysis, it will review the development scale, professional level, the number of opening units, quantity of employment, and operating revenue of business services in Shandong. On this basis, the article will summarize its development characteristics, experience and existing shortcomings. The second perspective, by using comparison analysis methodology, to compare the development of Shandong with Jiangsu, Guangdong, Zhejiang and Shanghai’s and found the subjective and objective factors that restrict the development of business service industry in Shandong. In the light of restricting factors, countermeasures have been developed based on the experience at home and abroad. These countermeasures will contribute to promoting the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, improving industrial competitiveness and speeding up the economic development rapidly and stably.

中国大气污染问题和改善方向 : 以甘肃省兰州市为中心

Lin Dong,Jae Eun Lee 위기관리 이론과 실천 2019 Disastronomy Vol.2 No.1

The problem of air pollution in China comes along with the process of industrialization and urbanization, which is mainly caused by human activities. Recently, although China has achieved certain results in the process of air pollution prevention and control, it is mainly an one-way management mode dominated by the government in the process of prevention and control, which tends to cause problems such as low efficiency and unreasonable treatment methods. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is how to effectively prevent and control air pollution. On the one hand, this paper attempts to quote the analysis results of various literatures on China's air pollution control policies. On the other hand, this paper introduces the causes of air pollution and the changes of air pollution control policies in China. This article analyzes the problems that should be reflected in the process of air pollution control in Lanzhou, which was one of the ten most polluted cities in China. Finally, it points out the improvement directions for the prevention and control of air pollution in the future; (1) It is the time for local governments at all levels to strengthen cooperative exchanges and ensure the efficient allocation of various equipments, technologies and other resources. It is a necessary condition for successful control of air pollution. (2) Although the primary source of air pollution is the industrial activities of enterprises, the development of enterprises is also one of the important means to promote regional economic development. So, in the process of air pollution prevention and control, the benefits and costs of enterprises should also be taken into account, and the development obstacles faced by each enterprise should be considered. (3) It is necessary for the government to pay attention to the openness and authenticity of environmental information. It is no doubt that a good and transparent social environment helps to promote the convergence of other forces. (4) The basic right of the public to participate in environmental protection should be guaranteed as far as possible.

Enhancing Natural Disaster Resilience through NGO Participation in China

Dong Lin,Jae Eun Lee,Seol A Kwon,Quan Jin 위기관리 이론과 실천 2020 Crisisonomy Vol.16 No.10

The purpose of this paper is to strengthen natural disaster resilience by providing strategic measures for NGOs to participate in disaster management in China. For the research purpose, this paper used the SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) analysis method to qualitatively analyze the internal and external environmental factors that NGOs face in the disaster management process, in combination with AHP to quantitatively analyze each factor. We suggested strategic measures for NGOs in the disaster management field at the public sector and NGO levels as follows; ① to supplement laws and policies; ② to strengthen supervision and auditing; ③ to emphasize participation enthusiasm; ④ to strengthen promotion; ⑤ to reinforce communication; ⑥ to train professional manpower through various channels; ⑦ to establish cooperative relationships with other actors, and ⑧ to pay attention to the vulnerable.

Sub-centres, socio-economic characteristics and commuting: a case study and its implications

Dong Lin,Andrew Allan,Jianqiang Cui 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2017 도시과학국제저널 Vol.21 No.3

Institutional and economic reforms in China have not only delivered major improvements in people’s living standards but also changed the spatial structure of Chinese cities. In addition, substantially increased commuting times have become a serious problem influencing quality of life in the mega-cities of China. Accordingly, research into the dynamics of urban restructuring in rapidly growing Chinese cities and the impacts on workers’ commuting patterns would provide important evidence in this research field. The results of this case study suggest that polycentric urban development has a significant influence on employees’ commuting times. Promoting local jobs-housing balance in sub-centres would shorten commuting times for workers. The findings also suggest that the locations and types of employment centres are significantly associated with individuals’ choice of housing and workplace locations, and accordingly their commuting behaviour. The effects of decentralization of employment on workers’ commuting times differ depending on the extent of suburbanization of different economic sectors. The findings in this research also suggest that workers’ commuting behaviour is related to individual socio-economic characteristics, such as income and education.

Study on the Effects of Electrodes of EAPap into Vibration Energy Harvesting

Lin Dong Zhai(적림동),Zafar Abas(자파아바스),Heung Soo Kim(김흥수),Joo-Hyong Kim(김주형),Jaehwan Kim(김재환) 한국소음진동공학회 2012 한국소음진동공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2012 No.4