철근콘크리트 벽구조의 단면 최적화에 관한 연구

변근주,최홍식,유동우 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1986 논문집 Vol.18 No.1

The objective of this study is to suggest an effective optimization algorithm for the minimum cost design of R.C. wall, using a complete stress-strain relationship. Since strength and steel ratio are usually considered at the preliminary stage in the design of R.C. wall, the strenght constraints and the side constraints (lower limits of steel ratio and other code requirements) are used as design constraints. A cost objective function for the minimum cost design is obtained by considering the cost of concrete, steel bars, and forming. Optimization is achieved by using heuristic method. It has been observed that minimum steel ratio is the optimum steel ratio, for the compression failure wall; and optimum steel ratio is increased with the design moment for the tension failure wall.

수돗물에서 동 배관의 부식특성에 관한 연구

심재주,신동호,최윤석,김정구,유승재 대한금속재료학회 2003 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.41 No.12

The corrosion behavior of copper in neutral aerated synthetic tap water was investigated using electrochemical methods, SEM and XPS. All potentiodynamic polarization curves showed active corrosion behavior, and the corrosion rate was more sensitive to flow velocity than Cl^(-) ion concentration and temperature. The result of potentiostatic test indicated that the current density decreased with increasing time regardless of Cl^(-) ion concentration and temperature in stagnant condition because copper compounds were formed uniformly on the surface. The EIS plot was changed from two time constants to three time constants with the formation of Cu₂O, and the charge transfer resistance (R_(ct)) was very large and increased with increasing immersion time. From all results, copper had good corrosion resistance in this potable water system.

유착성 관절낭염 치료에 있어서 한방 치료와 양방 치료의 임상적 고찰 : 동서협진 모델 개발을 위한 기초 연구를 중심으로

남동우,정인태,김주희,박유선,임사비나,이두익,이재동,이윤호,최도영 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 2006 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2006 No.-

Objectives : To observe the effect of acupuncture treatment and western medical treatment on frozen shoulder patients. Methods : 39 voluntary patients were randomly assigned to the Eastern treatment group(E group, n=22) and the Western treatment group(W group, n=17). The E group received acupuncture treatment on LI15, TE14, GB21 and Master Dong's acupuncture points, Shin-gwan and Gyun-joong, twice a week for 4 weeks. The W group received suprascapular nerve block, subacromial injection and trigger point injection, twice a week for 4 weeks. Both groups were instructed to practice self exercise during their daily lives. Evaluations were made before treatment and after treatment using Constant Shoulder Assessment(CSA), Shoulder Pain and Disability Index(SPADI) and the patient's satisfaction concerning the treatment was measured by Visual Analogue Scale(VAS). The obtained data were analyzed and compared. Results : The E group showed significant improvement(p<0.05) according to the CSA and SPADI. The patient's satisfaction scored 5.67 on a scale of 10. The W group showed significant improvement(p<0.05) according to the CSA and SPADI. The patient's satisfaction scored 7.73. But the difference between the two groups were insignificant according to CSA and SPADI. Conclusion : Both acupuncture and nerve block treatment significantly improved frozen shoulder. But the difference of the two treatments was insignificant.

Regulation of $I{\kappa}B$ Kinase by $G{\beta}L$ through Recruitment of the Protein Phosphatases

You, Dong-Joo,Kim, You-Lim,Park, Cho-Rong,Kim, Dong-Kyu,Yeom, Jeong-Hun,Lee, Cheol-Ju,Ahn, Curie,Seong, Jae-Young,Hwang, Jong-Ik Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2010 Molecules and cells Vol.30 No.6

G protein ${\beta}$-like ($G{\beta}L$) is a member of WD repeat-containing family which are involved in various intracellular signaling events. In our previous report, we demonstrated that $G{\beta}L$ regulates TNF${\alpha}$-stimulated NF-${\kappa}$B signaling by interacting with and inhibiting phosphorylation of $I{\kappa}B$ kinase. However, $G{\beta}L$ itself does not seem to regulate IKK directly, because it contains no functional domains except WD domains. Here, using immunoprecipitation and proteomic analyses, we identified protein phosphatase 4 as a new binding partner of $G{\beta}L$. We also found that $G{\beta}L$ interacts with PP2A and PP6, other members of the same phosphatase family. By interacting with protein phosphatases, which do not directly bind to IKK${\beta}$, $G{\beta}L$ mediates the association of phosphatases with IKK${\beta}$. Overexpression of protein phosphatases inhibited TNF${\kappa}$-induced activation of NF-${\kappa}$B signaling, which is an effect similar to that of $G{\beta}L$ overexpression. Down-regulation of $G{\beta}L$ by small interfering RNA diminished the inhibitory effect of phosphatases, resulting in restoration of NF-${\kappa}$B signaling. Thus, we propose that $G{\beta}L$ functions as a negative regulator of NF-${\kappa}$B signaling by recruiting protein phosphatases to the IKK complex.

A Splicing Variant of NME1 Negatively Regulates NF-κB Signaling and Inhibits Cancer Metastasis by Interacting with IKKβ

You, Dong-Joo,Park, Cho Rong,Lee, Hyun Bok,Moon, Mi Jin,Kang, Ju-Hee,Lee, Cheolju,Oh, Seong-Hyun,Ahn, Curie,Seong, Jae Young,Hwang, Jong-Ik American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bi 2014 The Journal of biological chemistry Vol.289 No.25

<P>IKKβ functions as a principal upstream activator of the canonical NF-κB pathway by phosphorylating IκB, leading to its proteasomal degradation. Because IKKβ is considered a therapeutic target, understanding its regulation may facilitate the design of efficient regulators of this molecule. Here, we report a novel IKKβ-interacting molecule, NME1L, a splicing variant of the NME1 protein. NME1 has attracted attention in cancer research because of its antimetastatic activity and reduced expression in multiple aggressive types of cancer. However, the effect was just moderate but not dramatic in anti-cancer activities. We found that only NME1L interacts with IKKβ. Exogenous expression of NME1L resulted in a potent decrease in TNFα-stimulated NF-κB activation, whereas knockdown of NME1/NME1L with shRNA enhanced activity of NF-κB. NME1L down-regulates IKKβ signaling by blocking IKKβ-mediated IκB degradation. When NME1L was introduced into highly metastatic HT1080 cells, the mobility was efficiently inhibited. Furthermore, in a metastasis assay, NME1L-expressing cells did not colonize the lung. Based on these results, NME1L is a potent antimetastatic protein and may be a useful weapon in the fight against cancers.</P>

Characterization of Functional Domains in NME1L Regulation of NF-κB Signaling

You, Dong-Joo,Park, Cho Rong,Mander, Sunam,Ahn, Curie,Seong, Jae Young,Hwang, Jong-Ik Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2016 Molecules and cells Vol.39 No.5

NME1 is a well-known metastasis suppressor which has been reported to be downregulated in some highly aggressive cancer cells. Although most studies have focused on NME1, the NME1 gene also encodes the protein (NME1L) containing N-terminal 25 extra amino acids by alternative splicing. According to previous studies, NME1L has potent anti-metastatic activity, in comparison with NME1, by interacting with $IKK{\beta}$ and regulating its activity. In the present study, we tried to define the role of the N-terminal 25 amino acids of NME1L in $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation signaling. Unfortunately, the sequence itself did not interact with $IKK{\beta}$, suggesting that it may be not enough to constitute the functional structure. Further construction of NME1L fragments and biochemical analysis revealed that N-terminal 84 residues constitute minimal structure for homodimerization, $IKK{\beta}$ interaction and regulation of $NF-{\kappa}B$ signaling. The inhibitory effect of the fragment on cancer cell migration and $NF-{\kappa}B$-stimulated gene expression was equivalent to that of whole NME1L. The data suggest that the N-terminal 84 residues may be a core region for the anti-metastatic activity of NME1L. Based on this result, further structural analysis of the binding between NME1L and $IKK{\beta}$ may help in understanding the anti-metastatic activity of NME1L and provide direction to NME1L and $IKK{\beta}$-related anti-cancer drug design.

Regulation of IκB Kinase by GβL through Recruitment of the Protein Phosphatases

Dong-Joo You,You Lim Kim,Cho Rong Park,Dong-Kyu Kim,Jeonghun Yeom,이철주,Curie Ahn,Jae Young Seong,Jong-Ik Hwang 한국분자세포생물학회 2010 Molecules and cells Vol.30 No.6

protein β-like (GβL) is a member of WD repeat-containing family which are involved in various intracellular signaling events. In our previous report, we demonstrated that GβL regulates TNFα-stimulated NF-κB signaling by interacting with and inhibiting phosphorylation of IκB kinase. However, GβL itself does not seem to regulate IKK directly, because it contains no functional domains except WD domains. Here, using immunoprecipitation and proteomic analyses, we identified protein phosphatase 4 as a new binding partner of GβL. We also found that GβL interacts with PP2A and PP6, other members of the same phosphatase family. By interacting with protein phosphatases,which do not directly bind to IKKβ, GβL mediates the association of phosphatases with IKKβ. Overexpression of protein phosphatases inhibited TNFκ-induced activation of NF-κB signaling, which is an effect similar to that of GβL overexpression. Down-regulation of GβL by small interfering RNA diminished the inhibitory effect of phosphatases, resulting in restoration of NF-κB signaling. Thus, we propose that GβL functions as a negative regulator of NF-κB signaling by recruiting protein phosphatases to the IKK complex.

Significance of CD133 as a cancer stem cell markers focusing on the tumorigenicity of pancreatic cancer cell lines

Hyun Joo Lee,Dong Do You,Dong Wook Choi,Young Sil Choi,Seong Joo Kim,Yong Sung Won,Hyoun Jong Moon 대한외과학회 2011 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.81 No.4

Purpose: The cancer stem cell hypothesis states that the capacity of a cancer to grow and propagate is dependent on a small subset of cells. To determine the significances of the cancer stem cell markers CD133, CD44, and CD24 using a comparative analysis with a focus on tumorigenicity. Methods: Four pancreatic cancer cell lines, Capan-1, Mia-PACA-2, Panc-1, and SNU-410 were analyzed for the expressions of CD133, CD44, and CD24 by flow cytometry. The tumorigenicity was compared using tumor volumes and numbers of tumors formed/numbers of injection in nonobese diabetic severe combined deficiency mice. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis was used to confirm that xenograft explants originated from human pancreatic cancer cells. Results: CD133 was positive in only Capan-1, CD44 positive in all, CD24 partially positive in Panc-1. After injecting 2 × 106 cells, all mice administered Capan-1 or Mia-Paca-2 developed tumors, 3 of 5 administered Panc-1 developed tumors, but no mouse administered SNU-410 developed any tumors. The volumes of Capan-1 tumors were seven times larger than those of Mia-Paca-2 tumors. When 2 × 105 or 2 × 104 of Capan-1 or Mia-Paca-2 was injected, tumors developed in all Capan-1 treated mice, but not in Mia-Paca-2 treated mice. Furthermore, xenograft explants of Capan-1 expressed CD133+CD44+ and Capan-1 injected mice developed lung metastasis. FACS analysis showed that xenograft explants originated from human pancreatic cancer cell lines. Conclusion: CD133 positive cells have higher tumorigenic and metastatic potential than CD44 and CD24 positive cells, which suggests that CD133 might be a meaningful cell surface marker of pancreatic cancer stem cells.

FCT 3 : Two cases of adverse effects after Long pulse Nd:YAG Laser treatment

( You Jin Lee ),( Jae Ho Lee ),( Jong Yoon Chung ),( Jae Hyung Lee ),( Hae Young Park ),( Jong Hee Lee ),( Dong Yoon Lee ),( Joo Heung Lee ),( Jun Mo Yang ) 대한피부과학회 2014 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.66 No.1

Since 1064nm Nd:YAG laser was invented in early 2000s, it has been widely used for particular vascular lesion such as leg vein or refractory nasal telangiectasia which hardly treated with conventional laser. 1064nm is not well absorbed in hemoglobin but the absorption coefficient is 10 times higher than that of water, making it appropriate for the treatment of vascular lesion while minimizing demage to surround tissue(selective photothermolysis). With not only deep penetrating property but also less scattering and the low absorption of other molecules, it uniformly heat the vessel wall and brings effective homogenous coagulation. However due to the lower absorption coefficient, it requires use of relatively very high energy(300J/cm2 or higher) to achieve effective coagulation. Especially in small vascular lesion with a number of RBCs, one should dose up the influences and there are greater risk of unwanted collateral damage like ulcer, burn, post inflammatory hyperpigmentation. Hereby, we present two cases of complication after Nd-YAG laser treatment at local non- dermatologist clinic. Exact information of laser parameter or devices is unclear, However every clinicians should fully aware of associated complications of Nd-YAG laser before beginning treatment.

P258 : Clinicohistopathological study of 60 cases of subungual melanoma

( You Jin Lee ),( Jun Hwan Kim ),( Jae Hyung Lee ),( Hyun Tae Shin ),( Ji Ho Park ),( Jong Hee Lee ),( Dong Youn Lee ),( Joo Heung Lee ),( Jun Mo Yang ) 대한피부과학회 2013 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.65 No.2

Background: Subungual melanoma(SUM) is an uncommon variant of melanoma which has poor prognosis. It is more common in Asians than in Caucasians - 2% in Western, 10% in Japan, 25% in Chinese. Objectives: To evaluate clinical and histopathological characteristic features of SUM in Korea Methods: Retrospective chart review of histologically confirmed SUM cases Results: Mean age was 59 years, sexual ratio M:F = 1: 1.2(27:34). Among 20 digits, Thumb (36%) is most frequently occurring site and Great toe(34%) follows. In Breslow depth staging, StageⅠ19%, Stage Ⅱ12%, Stage Ⅲ 6%, Stage Ⅳ 4%, Stage Ⅴ15%. AJCC staging, Stage 0 25%, Stage 1 27%, Stage 2 21%, Stage 3 5%, Stage 4 20% Conclusion: To our knowledge, it is the largest study on the clinicohistopathological feature of SUM in korea. We hope this result will be helpful in understanding SUM`s nature. Both early and late stage took higher proportion in comparison with western study. But it is unclear whether survival rate is lower than western. Further study will be needed.