Protective Effects of Probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus IMC501 in Mice Treated with PhIP

( Luca Dominici ),( Milena Villarini ),( Francesca Trotta ),( Ermanno Federici ),( Giovanni Cenci ),( Massimo Moretti ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2014 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.24 No.3

The aim of the present study was to investigate the antigenotoxic properties of the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus IMC501; DNA damage was induced by one representative food mutagen, 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP). Mice were treated orally with suspensions of lactobacilli for 10 days before administration of food mutagen. During the treatment, the abundance of lactobacilli in feces, as assessed by qPCR analysis, increased, whereas β-glucuronidase and N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase activities decreased. The extent of DNA damage was measured in colon and liver cells by comet assay. In colonocytes, diet supplementation with IMC501 resulted in a significant inhibition of DNA damage induced by PhIP. The results obtained in this in vitro study suggest that Lactobacillus rhamnosus IMC501 used as a dietary supplement can provide a useful integration of antimutagen food components of the normal diet, which are generally lower than the protective level.

Associations between Long-Term Exposure to Chemical Constituents of Fine Particulate Matter (PM _2.5 ) and Mortality in Medicare Enrollees in the Eastern United States

Chung, Yeonseung,Dominici, Francesca,Wang, Yun,Coull, Brent A.,Bell, Michelle L. U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Publ 2015 Environmental health perspectives Vol.123 No.5

<P><B>Background:</B></P><P>Several epidemiological studies have reported that long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM<SUB>2.5</SUB>) is associated with higher mortality. Evidence regarding contributions of PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> constituents is inconclusive.</P><P><B>Objectives:</B></P><P>We assembled a data set of 12.5 million Medicare enrollees (≥ 65 years of age) to determine which PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> constituents are <I>a</I>) associated with mortality controlling for previous-year PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> total mass (main effect); and <I>b</I>) elevated in locations exhibiting stronger associations between previous-year PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> and mortality (effect modification).</P><P><B>Methods:</B></P><P>For 518 PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> monitoring locations (eastern United States, 2000–2006), we calculated monthly mortality rates, monthly long-term (previous 1-year average) PM<SUB>2.5</SUB>, and 7-year averages (2000–2006) of major PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> constituents [elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon matter (OCM), sulfate (SO<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>2–</SUP>), silicon (Si), nitrate (NO<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>–</SUP>), and sodium (Na)] and community-level variables. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate location-specific mortality rates associated with previous-year PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> (model level 1) and identify constituents that contributed to the spatial variability of mortality, and constituents that modified associations between previous-year PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> and mortality (model level 2), controlling for community-level confounders.</P><P><B>Results:</B></P><P>One–standard deviation (SD) increases in 7-year average EC, Si, and NO<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>–</SUP> concentrations were associated with 1.3% [95% posterior interval (PI): 0.3, 2.2], 1.4% (95% PI: 0.6, 2.4), and 1.2% (95% PI: 0.4, 2.1) increases in monthly mortality, controlling for previous-year PM<SUB>2.5</SUB>. Associations between previous-year PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> and mortality were stronger in combination with 1-SD increases in SO<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>2–</SUP> and Na.</P><P><B>Conclusions:</B></P><P>Long-term exposures to PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> and several constituents were associated with mortality in the elderly population of the eastern United States. Moreover, some constituents increased the association between long-term exposure to PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> and mortality. These results provide new evidence that chemical composition can partly explain the differential toxicity of PM<SUB>2.5</SUB>.</P><P><B>Citation:</B></P><P>Chung Y, Dominici F, Wang Y, Coull BA, Bell ML. 2015. Associations between long-term exposure to chemical constituents of fine particulate matter (PM<SUB>2.5</SUB>) and mortality in Medicare enrollees in the eastern United States. Environ Health Perspect 123:467–474; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307549</P>

Lasting impacts of breast cancer surgery on quality of life in young women

Laura S. Dominici 대한종양외과학회 2022 대한임상종양학회 학술대회지 Vol.2022 No.2

Young Women with Breast Cancer in the United States and South Korea: Comparison of Demographics, Pathology and Management

Son, Byung Ho,Dominici, Laura S,Aydogan, Fatih,Shulman, Lawrence N,Ahn, Sei Hyn,Cho, Ja Young,Coopey, Suzanne B,Kim, Sung Bae,Min, H Elise,Valero, Monica,Wang, Jiping,Caragacianu, Diana,Gong, Gyung-yu Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.6

Background: Breast cancer diagnosed in young women may be more aggressive, with higher rates of local and distant recurrence compared to the disease in older women. Epidemiologic evidence suggests that Korean women have a lower incidence of breast cancer than women in the United States, but that they present at a younger age than their American counterparts. We sought to compare risk factors and management of young women with breast cancer in Boston, Massachusetts (US) with those in Seoul, South Korea (KR). Materials and Methods: A retrospective review was performed of consecutive patients less than 35 years old with a diagnosis of breast cancer at academic cancer centers in the US and KR from 2000-2005. Patient data were obtained by chart review. Demographic, tumor and treatment characteristics were compared utilizing Pearson's chisquare or Wilcoxon rank-sum tests where appropriate. All differences were assessed as significant at the 0.05 level. Results: 205 patients from the US and 309 from KR were analyzed. Patients in US were more likely to have hormone receptor positive breast cancer, while patients in KR had a higher rate of triple negative lesions. Patients in US had a higher mean body mass index and more often reported use of birth control pills, while those in the KR were less likely to have a sentinel node procedure performed or to receive post mastectomy radiation. Conclusions: Patients under 35 diagnosed with breast cancer in the US and KR differ with respect to demographics, tumor characteristics and management. Although rates of breast conservation and mastectomy were similar, US patients were more likely to receive post mastectomy radiation. The lower use of sentinel node biopsy is explained by the later adoption of the technique in KR. Further evaluation is necessary to evaluate recurrence rates and survival in the setting of differing disease subtypes in these patients.

ENEA Activities in the Field of Laser Spectroscopic Techniques for Environmental Trace Analysis with Perspectives of Applications to Nuclear Safeguards

Antonio Palucci,F. Colao,G. Giubileo,L. Fiorani,L. De Dominicis,R. Fantoni,V. Lazic 한국물리학회 2007 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.51 No.I

The ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and the Environment) laser spectroscopic activities carried on at the Laser Application Section of the Frascati Research Center are presented with main emphasis given to the additional capabilities of environmental monitoring of hidden nuclear activities or possible nuclear disasters. High resolution linear spectroscopies based on photo-acoustic or multipass detection techniques, together with nonlinear in-situ and remote sensing stand-off instruments are reviewed. The current results have been presented upon invitation at the IAEA Safeguards Technical Meeting\cite{R1}.

Development of Compatibilized Polyamide 1010/Coconut Fibers Composites by Reactive Extrusion with Modified Linseed Oil and Multi-functional Petroleum Derived Compatibilizers

L. Quiles-Carrillo,R. Balart,T. Boronat,S. Torres-Giner,D. Puglia,F. Dominici,L. Torre 한국섬유공학회 2021 Fibers and polymers Vol.22 No.3

This work reports the preparation and characterization of fully bio-based polymer composites with coconut fibers(CFs) as an alternative to wood-plastic composites (WPCs), typically based on petroleum derived materials. Polyamide 1010(PA1010) was melt-extruded with 20 wt% of CFs and, after that, shaped into pieces by injection molding. Four differentmulti-functionalized compatibilizers were tested to increase the polymer-fiber interactions with the subsequent improvementon toughness. These consisted of two chemically modified vegetable oils, namely maleinized and epoxidized linseed oil (MLOand ELO) respectively, and two commercial additives derived from petroleum and based on glycidyl functionality, that is,low-functionality epoxy-based styrene-acrylic oligomer (ESAO) and polystyrene-glycidyl methacrylate random copolymer(PS-GMA). The addition of all four compatibilizers improved both the mechanical and thermomechanical properties of thecomposites, thus resulting in high-performance composite materials with relatively low water uptake. Furthermore, themorphology of the obtained composites revealed an extraordinary embedment of the fibers into the biopolymer matrix, whichplays a crucial role in improving toughness. Among all the tested compatibilizers, those derived from vegetable oils can beconsidered the most interesting ones due to they offer a more sustainable solution.