Tree Diversity, Distribution and Population Structure of a Riparian Forest from Certain Zones along the Dikhu River in Nagaland, India

Devlin Leishangthem,Maibam Romeo Singh 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2018 Journal of Forest Science Vol.34 No.1

At present the biodiversity of the riparian forest is under threat due to various anthropogenic pressures. Hence study was conducted along the three unprotected zones of riparian forest in Dikhu river, Nagaland, north-east India in order to compared the diversity, distribution and population structure of riparian trees. In each zone 100×100 m2 plot were marked and subdivided into 20 plots of 10×10 m2. 10 plots on each side of the river were taken randomly covering 0.02 ha. Only tree with dbh ≥10 cm and dbh above 1.5 m above ground level were recorded as individual species. A total of 29 tree species belonging to 18 families were recorded from the three zones of the river. Tree species richness was highest at the middle zone (19) followed by upper (14) and lower zone (7). The most abundant species and family recorded at upper, middle and lower zones were Melia azaderach of Euphorbiaceae (380 stems ha-1), Terminalia chebula of Euphorbiaceae (432.5 stems ha-1) and Duabanga grandiflora of Lythraceae (365 stems ha-1) respectively. The ranges of diversity indices observed in the three zones were: Shannon-Wiener index (1.25-0.73), Simpson diversity index (0.42-0.93), Evenness index (0.47-0.37) and Index of co-dominance (0.75-0.94). Rest of other indices were also estimated and compared. Distribution of trees shows the contagious pattern common in the upper and middle zones and regular in the lower zone. The girth size class analysis demonstrated that the riparian forest is in less mature succession stage. This study emphasize the need for management and conservation of riparian forest by developing policy to declare the riparian zone as protected area to prevent further degradation and loss of biodiversity from these unregulated zones along the river.

Planning and technological innovation: the governance challenges faced by English local authorities in adopting planning technologies

Ciaran Devlin,Jon Coaffee 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2023 도시과학국제저널 Vol.27 No.-

The term ‘smart city’ has become synonymous with a technologically cultivated utopia, where urban problems can be solved computationally. This approach to urban development has been promoted as a method of enabling city administrations to become more proactive when dealing with issues including pollution, traffic flow and congestion, public safety, energy use, and urban planning. This trend towards using technology in urban management and planning has sparked research and development initiatives across the planet. In the UK, the #PlanTech trend is a governmental initiative that aims to improve engagement between various actors in the planning system, including local authorities and central government, with tech start-ups and digital entrepreneurs who can design solutions to the problems currently experienced by planners, developers, and citizens alike. Despite the significant opportunities that technologies offer city council planning departments in terms of productivity, existing governance models can be shown to represent a significant obstacle to implementation. This paper uses case study research conducted at two English city councils – Coventry and Leeds – to examine the implications of planning reforms and digital transformation of public services on urban planning governance. Utilizing the information gained from a combination of semi-structured interviews and stakeholder engagement exercises, it examines the growing emphasis on technology in planning practice within the public sector and discusses the potential implications that it may have for current governance arrangements. Finally, it suggests what a framework for future urban planning governance within an English political context, in the era of the smart city might require. The paper overall offers a critical view of how current urban planning practice and governance procedures are being quickly subsumed by digital technologies which offer novel and effective methods for professional planners yet are undermined, or are inhibited, by current governance arrangements.

Tree Diversity, Distribution and Population Structure of a Riparian Forest from Certain Zones along the Dikhu River in Nagaland, India

Leishangthem, Devlin,Singh, Maibam Romeo Institute of Forest Science 2018 Journal of Forest Science Vol.34 No.1

At present the biodiversity of the riparian forest is under threat due to various anthropogenic pressures. Hence study was conducted along the three unprotected zones of riparian forest in Dikhu river, Nagaland, north-east India in order to compared the diversity, distribution and population structure of riparian trees. In each zone $100{\times}100m^2$ plot were marked and subdivided into 20 plots of $10{\times}10m^2$. 10 plots on each side of the river were taken randomly covering 0.02 ha. Only tree with dbh ${\geq}10cm$ and dbh above 1.5 m above ground level were recorded as individual species. A total of 29 tree species belonging to 18 families were recorded from the three zones of the river. Tree species richness was highest at the middle zone (19) followed by upper (14) and lower zone (7). The most abundant species and family recorded at upper, middle and lower zones were Melia azaderach of Euphorbiaceae ($380\;stems\;ha^{-1}$), Terminalia chebula of Euphorbiaceae ($432.5\;stems\;ha^{-1}$) and Duabanga grandiflora of Lythraceae ($365\;stems\;ha^{-1}$) respectively. The ranges of diversity indices observed in the three zones were: Shannon-Wiener index (1.25-0.73), Simpson diversity index (0.42-0.93), Evenness index (0.47-0.37) and Index of co-dominance (0.75-0.94). Rest of other indices were also estimated and compared. Distribution of trees shows the contagious pattern common in the upper and middle zones and regular in the lower zone. The girth size class analysis demonstrated that the riparian forest is in less mature succession stage. This study emphasize the need for management and conservation of riparian forest by developing policy to declare the riparian zone as protected area to prevent further degradation and loss of biodiversity from these unregulated zones along the river.

From Apple to Omega: an analysis of brand placement in 2010 top-earning films

Michael Devlin,Justin Combs 한국마케팅과학회 2015 마케팅과학연구 Vol.25 No.1

This study utilized a content analysis to measure brand placements in the top 25 filmsreleased in 2010 and compared results to a similar population of top-earning filmsreleased in 1991. The content analysis measured the frequency and modality of eachplacement, character interaction, visual placement and visual prominence, andaccounted for the valence of each scene containing a product placement in terms ofpositive or negative hedonic values. Findings revealed there were substantially morebrand placements and more prevalent use of prominent placement and characterinteraction in the 2010 films, compared with those in 1991. The study’s findingsprovide rationale for future studies exploring the effectiveness of product placementsand set a comparable benchmark for future analysis examining product placementtrends.

도덕과 형법

패트릭데블린(Patrick Devlin),안준홍(역) 한국법철학회 2010 법철학연구 Vol.13 No.3

Korean Students` Perceptions of the Importance of Being Able to Explain Their Culture in English in the World of Today

Kyle Philip Devlin 미래영어영문학회 2012 미래영어영문학회 학술대회 자료집 Vol.2012 No.12

This paper’s purpose is to bring to light the views of Korean university students about the importance of being able to explain their culture in this new, globalized world of 2012. This research looks at the views of Korean undergraduate students at a university in Korea by using a questionnaire. The research showed that the ability to explain Korean culture in English was viewed as highly important in the world of today. The ability to explain Korean culture was seen as something that was frustratingly lacking when interacting with non-Koreans; many of which, according to the students’ responses, knew very little about Korea. The ability to explain Korean culture in English was also considered important in that it was a way a way of promoting Korea as a country to those around the world.

Effects of 3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine () on Growth of GR-transgenic Coho Salmon, Oncorhynchus Kitsutch

Kang, Duk-Young,Robert H. Devlin 한국수정란이식학회 2002 한국수정란이식학회 학술대회 Vol.2002 No.1

GH-transgenic coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kitsutch) juveniles in tGH*Tand tGH*PTU were fed with the diets containing 1 ug/g fish of 3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine (T) and 30 ug/g fish of 6-n-propyl-2- thiouracil (PTU), respectively, to assess the effect of these drugs on the change of physiological activity, growth and survival rate in comparison with normal transgenic (tGH*C) and nontransgenic coho salmon (Wild) for 90 days. Although the daily food intakes of all transgenic (tGH)-groups were higher than Wild, the amount was reduced by exogenous PTU supply. The fred efficiencies of tGH-groups were lower than Wild, but the efficiency was reduced both by Tand PTU. The survival rate of tGH-group was significantly higher than that of Wild, but there was no significant difference among tGH-groups. Although the growth of tGH-coho salmon was faster than Wild. the growth rate of transgenic salmon was increased by exogenous T, but was reduced by PTU Plasma TTlevels of tGH-groups was approximately 2-fold higher relative to Wild, but there were no difference of plasma TTlevels among tGH-groups. plasma TTlevel or tGH-coho salmon was increased by exogenous Tadministration, but was reduced by exogenous PTU. In addition, although plasma GH levels of all tGH-groups were higher than that of Wild, the GH level in plasma of transgenic coho salmon was increased by exogenous Tand reduced by exogenous PTU. In the meantime, the transgenic fishes also displayed head, jaw and opercular abnormalities typical of the offsets of this gene construct in coho salmon, indicating that some imbalance in growth processes has been induced. However, the abnormalities of transgenic coho salmon was reduced following exogenous PTU administration.

Disease resistance and health parameters of growth-hormone transgenic and wild-type coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch

Kim, J.H.,Balfry, S.,Devlin, R.H. Academic Press 2013 Fish & shellfish immunology Vol.34 No.6

To extend previous findings regarding fish health and disease susceptibility of growth-enhanced fish, hematological and immunological parameters have been compared between growth hormone (GH) transgenic and wild-type non-transgenic coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). Compared to non-transgenic coho salmon, transgenic fish had significantly higher hematocrit (Hct), hemoglobin (Hb), mean cellular hemoglobin (MCH), mean cellular volume (MCV), and erythrocyte numbers, and lower white cell numbers. In addition, resistance to the bacterial pathogen Aeromonas salmonicida (causal agent of furunculosis) has been assessed between the strains. Higher susceptibility of transgenic fish to this disease challenge was observed in two separate year classes of fish. The present findings provide fundamental knowledge of the disease resistance on GH enhanced transgenic coho salmon, which is of importance for assessing the fitness of transgenic strains for environmental risk assessments, and for improving our understanding effects of growth modification on basic immune functions.

Effect of growth hormone overexpression on gastric evacuation rate in coho salmon

Kim, Jin-Hyoung,Chatchaiphan, Satid,Crown, Michelle T.,White, Samantha L.,Devlin, Robert H. Springer-Verlag 2018 Fish physiology and biochemistry Vol.44 No.1

<P>Growth hormone (GH) transgenic (T) coho salmon consistently show remarkably enhanced growth associated with increased appetite and food consumption compared to non-transgenic wild-type (NT) coho salmon. To improve understanding of the mechanism by which GH overexpression mediates food intake and digestion in T fish, feed intake and gastric evacuation rate (over 7 days) were measured in size-matched T and NT coho salmon. T fish displayed greatly enhanced feed intake levels (similar to 2.5-fold), and more than 3-fold increase in gastric evacuation rates relative to NT coho salmon. Despite the differences in feed intake, no differences were noted in the time taken from first ingestion of food to stomach evacuation between genotypes. These results indicate that enhanced feed intake is coupled with an overall increased processing rate to enhance energy intake by T fish. To further investigate the molecular basis of these responses, we examined the messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of several genes in appetite- and gastric-regulation pathways (Agrp1, Bbs, Cart, Cck, Glp, Ghrelin, Grp, Leptin, Mc4r, Npy, and Pomc) by qPCR analyses in the brain (hypothalamus, preoptic area) and pituitary, and in peripheral tissues associated with digestion (liver, stomach, intestine, and adipose tissue). Significant increases in mRNA levels were found for Agrp1 in the preoptic area (POA) of the brain, and Grp and Pomc in pituitary for T coho salmon relative to NT. Mch and Npy showed significantly lower mRNA levels than NT fish in all brain tissues examined across all time-points after feeding. Mc4r and Cart for T showed significantly lower mRNA levels than NT in the POA and hypothalamus, respectively. In the case of peripheral tissues, T fish had lower mRNA levels of Glp and Leptin than NT fish in the intestine and adipose tissue, respectively. Grp, Cck, Bbs, Glp, and Leptin in stomach, adipose tissue, and/or intestine showed significant differences across the time-points after feeding, but Ghrelin showed no significant difference between T and NT fish in all tested tissues.</P>

<i>AKARI</i>AND BLAST OBSERVATIONS OF THE CASSIOPEIA A SUPERNOVA REMNANT AND SURROUNDING INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM

Sibthorpe, B.,Ade, P. A. R.,Bock, J. J.,Chapin, E. L.,Devlin, M. J.,Dicker, S.,Griffin, M.,Gundersen, J. O.,Halpern, M.,Hargrave, P. C.,Hughes, D. H.,Jeong, W.-S.,Kaneda, H.,Klein, J.,Koo, B.-C.,Lee, IOP Publishing 2010 The Astrophysical journal Vol.719 No.2