Long-term Outcomes of Sacral Nerve Stimulation in Pelvic Floor Dysfunctions

David Hernández-Hernández,Bárbara Padilla-Fernández,Milagros Castro Romera,Stephany Hess Medler,David Castro-Díaz 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2021 International Neurourology Journal Vol.25 No.4

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the long-term outcomes of sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) in both idiopathic and neurogenic pelvic floor disorders in patients treated at a referral center. Methods: This retrospective observational study analyzed the records of 106 patients tested at our department from December 1999 to January 2017. The efficacy variables evaluated were the Global Response Assessment (range, 0%–100%) and, according to the clinical indication, other specific variables such International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire- Short Form, number of catheterizations or pads/day, and the numerical pain scale. The safety variables analyzed were complications (pain, migration, infection), reinterventions and explants. Patients’ quality of life (QoL) and satisfaction with the procedure were evaluated through telephone interviews. Results: The clinical indications were overactive bladder (OAB) (n=36), urinary retention (UR) (n=37), bladder pain syndrome/ interstitial cystitis (BPS/IC) (n=19), fecal incontinence (FI) (n=8), and double incontinence (DI) (n=6). The implant rates according to the clinical indication were as follows: OAB, 55.6%; UR, 56.8%; BPS/IC, 63.15%; FI, 87.5%; and DI, 66.7%. Clinical and/or statistically significant improvements in all efficacy variables were observed. Loss of therapeutic effect at 75 months of follow-up was observed in 34% of patients. Device-related pain appeared in 25 patients (39%); in 20 patients, it was resolved by reprogramming and 5 patients required device removal. An overall improvement in QoL and high levels of satisfaction with the procedure were observed. More than 90% of patients would recommend SNS to a friend or relative. Conclusions: SNS is a minimally invasive procedure that offers a real alternative to patients with refractory pelvic floor dysfunction. Its safety profile is very favorable and it provides a long-lasting improvement in symptoms and QoL.

Effect of Oseltamivir on Catecholamines and Select Oxidative Stress Markers in the Presence of Oligoelements in the Rat Brain

David Calderón Guzmán,Ernestina Hernández García,Norma Osnaya Brizuela,Francisca Trujillo Jiménez,Gerardo Barragán Mejía,Daniel Santamaría del Ángel,Elvira Nuñez A,Liliana Carmona Aparicio,Hugo Juárez 대한약학회 2010 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.33 No.10

The effect that osteltamivir has on the metabolism of catecholamines and oxidative damage in the brains of young patients remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to measure the effects of oseltamivir, in the presence of oligoelements, on biogenic amines and select oxidative biomarkers in the brains of uninfected, young rats under normal conditions. The study was conducted using male Wistar rats intraperitoneally treated for three days with either a control dose of 0.9 % NaCl, oseltamivir (50 mg/kg), oligoelements (50 μL/rat), or oseltamivir (50 mg/kg) and oligoelements (50 μL/rat). The brain tissue extracted from the treated rats was used to determine the concentrations of adrenaline, noradrenaline, and dopamine, as well as the levels of GSH, lipid peroxidation, and ATPase activity. An increase in the concentration of adrenaline and noradrenaline and in the level of GSH in the group treated with oligoelements (p < 0.001) was observed, while the group treated with oseltamivir and oligoelements, the levels of dopamine increased (p < 0.001), and in the groups treated with oligoelements alone or combination with oseltamivir a decrease in lipid peroxidation was observed (p < 0.001). The results of this study suggest that the consumption of oseltamivir and oligoelements induce biphasic changes in the metabolism of catecholamines; thereby, inducing a protective mechanism against oxidative damage in the brains of young rats.

Effect of biofertilizers and rhizospheric bacteria on growth and root ultrastucture of lettuce

Montesdeoca-Flores David,Alfayate-Casañas Carmen,Hernández-Bolaños Eduardo,Hernández-González Mercedes,Estupiñan-Afonso Zuleima,Abreu-Acosta Néstor 한국원예학회 2024 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.65 No.1

Biofertilization is a technique that uses plant and animal wastes to add organic matter and nutrients to the soil. It can also use microorganisms that can metabolize these by-products to facilitate their absorption by the plant roots. In this study, we tested the eff ects of rhizospheric bacteria inoculation (T 1 ), a combination of rhizospheric bacteria with liquid fertilizer (T 2 ) and uncombined liquid fertilizer (T 3 ), on the growth, nutritional content, root tissue, and root cells of lettuce plants. The results showed signifi cant positive diff erences in all treatments compared to control plants, in terms of morphologi cal, nutritional, and productivity parameters. The combination of rhizospheric bacteria with liquid SEFEL fertilizer (T 2 ) yielded the best results, showing increased fresh and dry weight, and diameter. There were no diff erences between treat ments for nutritional content, but each treatment outperformed the control by more than 700% for all macronutrients. The best result was phosphorus content for T 1 , with 1272.22% more than control. Regarding root structure and ultrastructure, there was no variation in tissue organization compared to control plants, but increases in root hairs (T 1 ), development of transfer cells (T 2 ), and secondary growth (T 3 ) were observed. Additionally, colonization of roots by rhizospheric bacteria was confi rmed in all three treatments. In conclusion, this study suggests that inoculating with rhizospheric bacteria is a viable and environmentally friendly biofertilization for lettuce plants.

Safety and Biodistribution of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Injected Intrathecally in Non-Obese Diabetic Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Mice: Preclinical Study

Mari Paz Quesada,David García-Bernal,Diego Pastor,Alicia Estirado,Miguel Blanquer,Ana Mª García-Hernández,José M. Moraleda,Salvador Martínez 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2019 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.16 No.6

BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have potent immunomodulatory and neuroprotective properties, and have been tested in neurodegenerative diseases resulting in meaningful clinical improvements. Regulatory guidelines specify the need to perform preclinical studies prior any clinical trial, including biodistribution assays and tumourigenesis exclusion. We conducted a preclinical study of human bone marrow MSCs (hBM-MSCs) injected by intrathecal route in Non-Obese Diabetic Severe Combined Immunodeficiency mice, to explore cellular biodistribution and toxicity as a privileged administration method for cell therapy in Friedreich’s Ataxia. METHODS: For this purpose, 3 9 105 cells were injected by intrathecal route in 12 animals (experimental group) and the same volume of culture media in 6 animals (control group). Blood samples were collected at 24 h (n = 9) or 4 months (n = 9) to assess toxicity, and nine organs were harvested for histology and safety studies. Genomic DNA was isolated from all tissues, and mouse GAPDH and human b2M and b-actin genes were amplified by qPCR to analyze hBM-MSCs biodistribution. RESULTS: There were no deaths nor acute or chronic toxicity. Hematology, biochemistry and body weight were in the range of normal values in all groups. At 24 h hBM-MSCs were detected in 4/6 spinal cords and 1/6 hearts, and at 4 months in 3/6 hearts and 1/6 brains of transplanted mice. No tumours were found. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that intrathecal injection of hBM-MSCs is safe, non toxic and do not produce tumors. These results provide further evidence that hBM-MSCs might be used in a clinical trial in patients with FRDA.

Activated Carbon: A Review of Residual Precursors, Synthesis Processes, Characterization Techniques, and Applications in the Improvement of Biogas

José Aurelio Sosa,José Ramón Laines,David Salvador García,Rafael Hernández,Mark Zappi,Alejandra E. Espinosa de los Monteros 대한환경공학회 2023 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.28 No.3

The energy growing demand and the international environmental policies contribute to the use of renewable energy sources. Among these sources, biogas has acquired great relevance due to its energetic similarity to fuels such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and natural gas (NG). However, biogas needs to be upgraded by removing CO2 and trace gases to obtain biomethane (>85% CH4). This review identifies and classifies seven techniques used in biogas upgrading, reported in academic and scientific publications. A 13-year review period (2008–2021) was considered. Lineal regression was used to analyze the publications number per year. Membranes use represents the largest proportion of publications (33%), while activated carbon (AC) reaches only 22%. However, the use and application of AC obtained the best trend as a publication topic, with a maximum value of R2 = 0.7882. This review documents publish works on obtaining and applying AC in biogas enrichment processes. It includes a review of the characteristics and generation rates of various residual lignocellulosic materials used in the synthesis of AC, the synthesis processes, the characterization techniques, and the final adsorption capacities.

Unilateral approach for bilateral clipping of posterior communicating artery aneurysms in a hybrid operating room: A technical note

Juan Luis Gómez-Amador,Pablo David Guerrero-Suárez,Jaime Jesús Martínez-Anda,Jorge Fernando Aragón-Arreola,Andrea Castillo-Matus,Ricardo Marian-Magaña,Marcos V Sangrador-Deitos,Alan Hernández-Hernánde 대한뇌혈관외과학회 2023 Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neuros Vol.25 No.4

Bilateral posterior communicating (pComm) artery aneurysms represent only 2% of mirror intracranial aneurysms. Usually, these are surgically approached through bilateral craniotomies for clipping. We present the case of a 50-year-old female presenting with headache and horizontal diplopia. Neurological examination revealed a left oculomotor palsy, with no other neurological deficits. Imaging studies revealed bilateral aneurysmatic lesions in both internal carotid arteries (ICA). A conventional left pterional approach was planned in order to treat the symptomatic aneurysm, and, if deemed feasible, a contralateral clipping through the same approach. The procedure was performed in a hybrid operating room (HOR), performing an intraoperative digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and roadmapping assistance during dissection and clipping. Transoperatively, a post-fixed optic chiasm was identified, with a wide interoptic space, which allowed us to perform the contralateral clipping through a unilateral approach. This technique for clipping bilateral pComm aneurysms can be performed when the proper anatomical features are met.

The most frequent symptoms of postcholecystectomy syndrome for cholelithiasis patients older than 40 years of age

Leyla Camila Aquije Eyzaguirre,Arturo Daniel Hernández Aparcana,David Rene Rodriguez Diaz,Jully Pahola Calderón Saldaña,Luis Alex Alzamora De Los Godos Urcia 소화기인터벤션의학회 2023 International journal of gastrointestinal interven Vol.12 No.1

Although it has been demonstrated that cholecystectomy is successful in relieving symptoms in 90% of cases, some patients continue to experience gastrointestinal symptoms despite surgical intervention; this is known as postcholecystectomy syndrome. For this reason, we decided to investigate this syndrome and, relying on the article by Desai et al entitled "Foreign bodies in common bile duct in postcholecystectomy state—series of 8 cases: an experience of a single center in western India," delve into the different symptoms that appear in the syndrome. Based on an extensive review of articles published about the syndrome, the most common symptoms are dyspepsia, pain in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen, abdominal distension, and gastrointestinal issues. Consequently, it is critical to take these symptoms into consideration because, even though it may not seem like postcholecystectomy syndrome occurs frequently, one needs to be familiar with its clinical picture.

Cinnamomum cassia on Arterial Stiffness and Endothelial Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Outcomes of a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

Jesús S. Delgadillo-Centeno,Fernando Grover-Páez,Sandra O. Hernández-González,María G. Ramos-Zavala,David Cardona-Müller,Alicia López-Castro,Sara Pascoe-González 한국식품영양과학회 2023 Journal of medicinal food Vol.26 No.6

Cinnamomum cassia is a medicinal plant whose use has demonstrated benefits on body weight, blood pressure, glucose, and lipids. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of C. cassia on arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction (ED) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was carried out in 18 subjects aged 40–65 years, with a diagnosis of T2DM of one year or less since diagnosis and treated with Metformin 850 mg daily. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either C. cassia or a placebo in 1000 mg capsules, thrice a day, before each meal for 12 weeks. At baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and Flow Mediated Dilation were measured, as well as body weight, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), fasting glucose (FG), glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol, respectively, triglycerides, creatinine, and transaminases. The Mann–Whitney U test for differences between groups and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for intragroup differences were used, and a P ≤ .05 was considered statistically significant. After C. cassia administration, statistically significant reductions in body weight (81.4 ± 10.4 kg vs. 79.9 ± 9.0 kg, P = .037), BMI (30.6 ± 4.2 kg/m2 vs. 30.1 ± 4.2 kg/m2, P = .018), and HbA1c (53 ± 5.4 mmol/mol vs. 45 ± 2.1 mmol/mol, P = .036) were observed. No changes statistically significant on arterial stiffness, ED, FG, BP, and lipids were observed. C. cassia administration decreases body weight, BMI, and HbA1c without statistically significant changes on arterial stiffness, ED, FG, BP, and lipids. CTR Number: NCT04259606

Direct and Indirect Targeting of PP2A by Conserved Bacterial Type-III Effector Proteins

Jin, Lin,Ham, Jong Hyun,Hage, Rosemary,Zhao, Wanying,Soto-Herná,ndez, Jaricelis,Lee, Sang Yeol,Paek, Seung-Mann,Kim, Min Gab,Boone, Charles,Coplin, David L.,Mackey, David Public Library of Science 2016 PLoS pathogens Vol.12 No.5

<▼1><P>Bacterial AvrE-family Type-III effector proteins (T3Es) contribute significantly to the virulence of plant-pathogenic species of <I>Pseudomonas</I>, <I>Pantoea</I>, <I>Ralstonia</I>, <I>Erwinia</I>, <I>Dickeya</I> and <I>Pectobacterium</I>, with hosts ranging from monocots to dicots. However, the mode of action of AvrE-family T3Es remains enigmatic, due in large part to their toxicity when expressed in plant or yeast cells. To search for targets of WtsE, an AvrE-family T3E from the maize pathogen <I>Pantoea stewartii</I> subsp. <I>stewartii</I>, we employed a yeast-two-hybrid screen with non-lethal fragments of WtsE and a synthetic genetic array with full-length WtsE. Together these screens indicate that WtsE targets maize protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) heterotrimeric enzyme complexes via direct interaction with B’ regulatory subunits. AvrE1, another AvrE-family T3E from <I>Pseudomonas syringae</I> pv. tomato strain DC3000 (<I>Pto</I> DC3000), associates with specific PP2A B’ subunit proteins from its susceptible host Arabidopsis that are homologous to the maize B’ subunits shown to interact with WtsE. Additionally, AvrE1 was observed to associate with the WtsE-interacting maize proteins, indicating that PP2A B’ subunits are likely conserved targets of AvrE-family T3Es. Notably, the ability of AvrE1 to promote bacterial growth and/or suppress callose deposition was compromised in Arabidopsis plants with mutations of PP2A genes. Also, chemical inhibition of PP2A activity blocked the virulence activity of both WtsE and AvrE1 <I>in planta</I>. The function of HopM1, a <I>Pto</I> DC3000 T3E that is functionally redundant to AvrE1, was also impaired in specific PP2A mutant lines, although no direct interaction with B’ subunits was observed. These results indicate that sub-component specific PP2A complexes are targeted by bacterial T3Es, including direct targeting by members of the widely conserved AvrE-family.</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Author Summary</B></P><P>Gram-negative bacterial pathogens employ type-III effector (T3E) proteins to suppress host immunity and promote disease symptoms. AvrE-family T3Es, which are widely distributed among plant-pathogenic bacteria, suppress host defense responses and also contribute to water-soaking, which is perhaps the most common symptom of bacterial diseases and likely results in the release of nutrients from host cells to promote pathogen growth. Despite the central virulence functions of AvrE-family T3Es, their mode of action remains enigmatic largely due to their cell toxicity. We report here that two AvrE-family T3Es, WtsE from the maize pathogen <I>Pantoea stewartii</I> subsp. <I>stewartii</I> and AvrE1 from the tomato and Arabidopsis pathogen <I>Pseudomonas syringae</I> pv. tomato, each target protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) complexes in susceptible hosts via direct interaction/association with specific B’ regulatory subunits. Chemical inhibitors were used to demonstrate that PP2A activity is required for the virulence functions of WtsE and AvrE1. PP2A isoform specificity was also tested using mutants of Arabidopsis. More generally, PP2A subunits regulate, both positively and negatively, rapid pattern-triggered immune responses in Arabidopsis. Thus, bacterial T3Es target sub-component specific PP2A complexes to manipulate host immunity and cause disease symptoms during infection.</P></▼2>