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무릇 (Scilla scilloides Complex) 4배체와 5배체 재분화 식물에서 염색체의 안정성
김보선,김수영,구달회,방재욱 충남대학교 기초과학연구소 2002 忠南科學硏究誌 Vol.29 No.1
무릇 (Scilla scilloides complex)은 백합과에 속하는 인경 식물로 염색체 조성이 A (x=8)와 B (x=9)의 두가지 게놈의 조합에 의해 다양한 세포유전적 다양성을 보이는 식물이다. 본 연구에서 이들 유형 중 4배체인 ABBB (2n=35)와 BBBB (2n=36+1F+1f), 5배체인 AABBB (2n=43) 등 게놈 유형이 다른 재분화 식물에서 염색체 변이와 함께 A 게놈과 B 게놈의 안정성을 조사한 결과, 염색체 안정성은 ABBB, BBBB 및 AABBB에서 각각 65.9%, 57.0%, 88.3%로 나타나 이질 5배체인 AABBB 유형에서 높은 안정성을 보였으며, BBBB 유형에서 낮게 나타났다. 재분화 식물에서 나타나는 표현형도 세포 유형별로 잎의 개수는 ABBB, BBBB, AABBB에서 각각 1~3, 1~2, 1~2개로 나타났고, 평균 잎의 수는 0.8개, 1.1개, 1.2개로 나타났다. 꽃의 출현은 ABBB, BBBB, AABBB에서 각각 9.6%, 48.6%, 34.9%의 비율로 나타났다. 개화 시기는 AABBB 게놈 재분화 식물체가 8월초에 가장 먼저 개화하였고, ABBB, BBBB 순으로 개화하여 유형별로 차이를 보였다. Plants of scilla scilloides Complex have various cytogenetic types which are composed of two well-differentiated genome, A (x=8) and B (x=9). Chromosome variation in the regenerated plants developed from the types ABBB (2n=35), BBBB (2n=36+1F+lF) and AABBB (2n =43) regenerants were investigated. Considerable variation in chromosome number was found in allotetraploid ABBB and chromosome segments (s) were found. Autosomes were well maintained in allopentaploid AABBB. The elimination of B chromosomes was the common phenomenon in the eutetraploid BBBB regenerants. The mean numbers of leaf were 1.2, 1.1 and 1.1 in ABBB. BBBB and AABBB. respectively. The rate of flowering was 9.6%. 48.6% and 34.9% in ABBB, BBBB and AABBB regenerants.
Koo, Dal-Hoe,Hur, Yoonkang,Bang, Jae-Wook 한국유전학회 2004 Genes & Genomics Vol.26 No.1
Rumex acetosa is a dioecious plant with a XX/SY_(1)Y_(2) sex chromosome system. The molecular cytogenetic organization of the 5S rDNA and 17S rDNA on the chormosomes of male and female plants of R. acetosa was investigated by multi-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (McFISH). Different patterns of the FISH signals were observed between the male and female plants depending on the probes, 5S and 17S rDNA. In the female plants, two distinctive types of signals were observed based on the number of 17S rDNA signals, showing one or two pairs on the somatic metaphase chromosomes. In contrast, the signals in the male plants were observed on one of the homologous chromosomes of between the homologous chromosomes with a different size. One pair of 5S rDNA signals was commonly observed in both the male and female plants. This is the first report to identify the diversity of the rDNA FISH patterns in dioecious plants.
Koo, Dal-Hoe,Jo, Sung-Hwan,Bang, Jae-Wook,Park, Hye-Mi,Lee, Sanghyeob,Choi, Doil The Genetics Society of America 2008 Genetics Vol.179 No.3
<P>We report the integration of the linkage map of tomato chromosome 2 with a high-density bacterial artificial chromosome fluorescence in situ hybridization (BAC-FISH)-based cytogenetic map. The euchromatic block of chromosome 2 resides between 13 and 142 cM and has a physical length of 48.12 microm, with 1 microm equivalent to 540 kb. BAC-FISH resolved a pair of loci that were 3.7-3.9 Mb apart and were not resolved on the linkage map. Most of the regions had crossover densities close to the mean of approximately 200 kb/cM. Relatively hot and cold spots of recombination were unevenly distributed along the chromosome. The distribution of centimorgan/micrometer values was similar to the previously reported recombination nodule distribution along the pachytene chromosome. FISH-based physical maps will play an important role in advanced genomics research for tomato, including map-based cloning of agronomically important traits and whole-genome sequencing.</P>
Bang, Kyong-Hwan,Koo, Dal-Hoe,Kim, Hong-Sig,Song, Beom-Heon,Cho, Yong-Gu,Cho, Joon-Hyeong,Bang, Jae-Wook The Korean Society of Medicinal Crop Science 2003 韓國藥用作物學會誌 Vol.11 No.4
This study was carried out to compare chromosomal characteristics between Atractylodes japonica and A macrocephala. Cytogenetic analysis was conducted based on karyotype analysis and physical mapping using fluorescence in situ hybridization. As a result of karyotype analysis by feulgen staining, somatic chromosome numbers of A. japonica and A. macrocephala were 2n=24. The length. of the mitotic metaphase chromosomes of A. japonica ranged from $0.70\;to\;1.60{\mu}m$ with a total length. of $12.11{\mu}m$ and the homologous chromosome complement comprised six metacentrics, five submetacentrics and one subtelocentrics. On the other hand, the length of the mitotic metaphase chromosomes of A. macrocephala ranged from $0.90\;to\;2.35{\mu}m$ with a total length of $16.58{\mu}m$ and the homologous chromosome complement comprised seven metacentrics and five submetacentrics. The total length of A. japonica chromosomes was shorter than that of A. macrocephala, but A. japonica had one subtelocentrics (chromosomes 4) different from A. macrocepha1a. chromosomes. The F1SH technique using 17S and 5S rDNA was applied to metaphase chromosomes. The signals for 17S rDNA were detected on the telomeric regions of chromosomes 4 and 5 in both A japonica and A. macrocephala. The 5S rDNA signal was found in the short arm of chromosome 1.
Identification of a Long Y-Chromosome Enriched Repetitive Sequence in Rumex acetosa L.
Park, Ji-Young,Koo, Dal-Hoe,Jin, Dong-Chung,Bang, Jae-Wook,Hur, Yoonkang 한국유전학회 2004 Genes & Genomics Vol.26 No.2
Rumex acetosa L. is a dioecious flowering plant with a well developed sex chromosome system: 2n = 12 + XX in the female plants and 2n = 12 + XY1Y2 in the male plants. To isolate and characterize sex-linked DNA, we used the RAPD (randomly amplified polymorphic DNA) method, Southern blot analysis, and FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization). As a result of the RAPD analysis, one male-specific DNA segment was identified and was designated as RAY-1.5 (R. acetosa Y chromosome enriched 1.5 k bp sequence). RAY-1.5 consists of two tandemly repeated sequences in the 5´-region and has an identical sequence to the Y chromosome specific and male enriched sequences. Southern blot analysis and FISH supported the assumption that RAY-1.5 is a male-specific, Y chromosome enriched repetitive DNA. Although RAY-1.5 has similarities to known male specific or enriched sequences, it was discovered to be a new sex-related DNA in R. acetosa.
Kyong-Hwan Bang,Dal-Hoe Koo,Hong-Sig Kim,Beom-Heon Song,Yong-Gu Cho,Joon-Hyeong Cho,Jae-Wook Bang 한국약용작물학회 2003 한국약용작물학회지 Vol.11 No.4
This study was carried out to compare chromosomal characteristics between Atractylodes japonica and A macrocephala. Cytogenetic analysis was conducted based on karyotype analysis and physical mapping using fluorescence in situ hybridization. As a result of karyotype analysis by feulgen staining, somatic chromosome numbers of A. japonica and A. macrocephala were 2n=24. The length. of the mitotic metaphase chromosomes of A. japonica ranged from 0.70 to 1.60μm with a total length. of 12.11μm and the homologous chromosome complement comprised six metacentrics, five submetacentrics and one subtelocentrics. On the other hand, the length of the mitotic metaphase chromosomes of A. macrocephala ranged from 0.90 to 2.35μm with a total length of 16.58μm and the homologous chromosome complement comprised seven metacentrics and five submetacentrics. The total length of A. japonica chromosomes was shorter than that of A. macrocephala, but A. japonica had one subtelocentrics (chromosomes 4) different from A. macrocepha1a. chromosomes. The F1SH technique using 17S and 5S rDNA was applied to metaphase chromosomes. The signals for 17S rDNA were detected on the telomeric regions of chromosomes 4 and 5 in both A japonica and A. macrocephala. The 5S rDNA signal was found in the short arm of chromosome 1.
Bang, Kyong Hwan,Koo, Dal Hoe,Huh, Man Kyu,Seong, Nak Sul,Bang, Jae Wook 한국유전학회 2004 Genes & Genomics Vol.26 No.1
This study examined the chromosomal characteristics of Atractylodes japonical and A. macrocephala. Cytogenetic analysis based on the physical mapping of the species-specific RAPD fragments and the telomere sequence repeats was performed using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Physical mapping using FISH showed that the signals for the species-specific RAPD fragments, AjR1 and AmR1, were distributed over the entire chromosome and exhibited species-specific characteristics. Therefore, these two markers can be used for the chromosomal identification of A. japonica and A. macrocephala. Strong signals for the telomere sequences repeats were detected at the ends of each chromatid in both plants. However, one pair of chromosomes (chromosomes 2) in A. macrocephala did not show this telomeric signal. In conclusion, telomere sequence repeats can be used as an efficient chromosomal marker for discriminating between A. japonica and A. macrocephala.