A New Approach Using the SYBR Green-Based Real-Time PCR Method for Detection of Soft Rot Pectobacterium odoriferum Associated with Kimchi Cabbage

Yong Ju Jin(Yong Ju Jin),Dawon Jo(Dawon Jo),Soon-Wo Kwon(Soon-Wo Kwon),Samnyu Jee(Samnyu Jee),Jeong-Seon Kim(Jeong-Seon Kim),Jegadeesh Raman(Jegadeesh Raman ),Soo-Jin Kim(Soo-Jin Kim) 한국식물병리학회 2022 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.38 No.6

Pectobacterium odoriferum is the primary causative agent in Kimchi cabbage soft-rot diseases. The pathogenic bacteria Pectobacterium genera are responsible for significant yield losses in crops. However, P. odoriferum shares a vast range of hosts with P. carotovorum, P. versatile, and P. brasiliense, and has similar biochemical, phenotypic, and genetic characteristics to these species. Therefore, it is essential to develop a P. odoriferumspecific diagnostic method for soft-rot disease because of the complicated diagnostic process and management as described above. Therefore, in this study, to select P. odoriferum-specific genes, species-specific genes were selected using the data of the P. odoriferum JK2.1 whole genome and similar bacterial species registered with NCBI. Thereafter, the specificity of the selected gene was tested through blast analysis. We identified novel species-specific genes to detect and quantify targeted P. odoriferum and designed specific primer sets targeting HAD family hydrolases. It was confirmed that the selected primer set formed a specific amplicon of 360 bp only in the DNA of P. odoriferum using 29 Pectobacterium species and related species. Furthermore, the population density of P. odoriferum can be estimated without genomic DNA extraction through SYBR Green-based real-time quantitative PCR using a primer set in plants. As a result, the newly developed diagnostic method enables rapid and accurate diagnosis and continuous monitoring of soft-rot disease in Kimchi cabbage without additional procedures from the plant tissue.

소나무, 벚나무, 느티나무 단근 후 연고 처리에 따른 발근 비교

박준형,김지연,권시균,김해랑,권준형,이하림,김다원,마지원,김판기,고상현,김기우,Park, Junhyung,Kim, Jiyeon,Kweon, Si-Gyun,Kim, Haerang,Kwon, Junhyung,Lee, Harim,Kim, Dawon,Ma, Jiwon,Kim, Pan-Gi,Koh, Sang-Hyun,Kim, Ki Woo 한국산림과학회 2019 한국산림과학회지 Vol.108 No.2

본 연구에서는 뿌리 수술과 수목 이식 현장에서 단근 부위에 처리하는 뿌리연고에 대한 상처 반응 및 세근 발달을 3종의 수종에서 비교하였다. 2014년 5월부터 2016년 11월까지 경상북도 상주시에 식재된 소나무, 벚나무, 느티나무 성목에서 직경 2~4 cm에 해당하는 뿌리를 절단하고 상처 부위를 바셀린과 유기질 비료로 연고 처리하여 6개월이 경과한 후, 시료를 채취하여 세근 생장량을 조사하였다. 단근 후 세근 발달은 전반적으로 느티나무와 벚나무에서 우수하였지만 소나무에서는 저조하였다. 세근 생장량은 느티나무에서 단근과 유기질 비료 처리구에서 높게 나타났다. 벚나무에서는 처리별로 뚜렷한 효과가 없었다. 이상의 결과는 단근과 상처 처리에 대한 세근 발달이 수종별로 상이하므로 단근 후 수종별로 처리방법의 세분화가 필요함을 시사한다. The aim of our study was to compare the wound responses and fine root development after root cutting and wound dressing among different tree species. The roots (2~4 cm in diameter) of mature Pinus densiflora, Prunus serrulata var. spontanea, and Zelkova serrata grown in Sangju, South Korea, were cut every 6 months from May 2014 to November 2016. The cut roots were subjected to pastes of vaseline and organic fertilizer. Six months after cutting, fine root development in the cut roots was examined. There was a significant increase in the fine root development in P. serrulata and Z. serrata; however, the development was rarely observed in P. densiflora. Zelkova serrata showed the highest fine root development among the three species in both the control and organic paste treatment groups. No significant differences in fine root development were observed in P. serrulata among the treatments. These results indicate that different tree species exhibit different responses to wound dressing after root cutting, which suggests that specific treatments must be applied to specific tree species.

Aquaporin 4 expression is downregulated in large bovine ovarian follicles

Kim, Chang-Woon,Choi, Eun-Ju,Kim, Eun-Jin,Siregar, Adrian S.,Han, Jaehee,Kang, Dawon The Korean Society of Animal Reproduction and Biot 2020 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.35 No.4

Aquaporin channels (AQPs) are known to play an important role in the development of ovarian follicles through their function in water transport pathways. Compared to other AQPs, research on the role of AQP4 in female reproductive physiology, particularly in cattle, remains limited. In our previous study, gene chip microarray data showed a downregulation of AQP4 in bovine cystic follicles. This study was performed to validate the AQP4 expression level at the protein level in bovine follicles using immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and immunoprecipitation assays. Immunostaining data showed that AQP4 was expressed in granulosa and theca cells of bovine ovarian follicles. The ovarian follicles were classified according to size as small (< 10 mm) or large (> 25 mm) in diameter. Consistent with earlier microarray data, semi-quantitative PCR data showed a decrease in AQP4 mRNA expression in large follicles. Western blot analysis showed a downregulation of the AQP4 protein in large follicles. In addition, AQP4 was immunoprecipitated and blotted with anti-AQP4 antibody in small and large follicles. Accordingly, AQP4 exhibited a low expression in large follicles. These results show that AQP4 is downregulated in bovine ovarian large follicles, suggesting that the downregulation of AQP4 expression may interfere with follicular water transport, leading to bovine follicular cysts.

TRPV1 activation induces cell death of TM3 mouse Leydig cells

Kim, Eun-Jin,Dang, Long Cao,Nyiramana, Marie Merci,Siregar, Adrian S.,Woo, Min-Seok,Kim, Chang-Woon,Kang, Dawon The Korean Society of Animal Reproduction and Biot 2021 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.36 No.3

The role of transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor-1 (TRPV1) has been primarily investigated in pain sensory neurons. Relatively, little research has been performed in testicular cells. TRPV1 is abundantly expressed in Leydig cells of young adult mice. This study was conducted to determine the role of the TRPV1 channel in Leydig cells. TRPV1 modulators and testosterone were treated to the mouse Leydig cell line TM3 cells for 24 h. Capsaicin, a TRPV1 activator, dose-dependently induced cell death, whereas capsazepine, a TRPV1 inhibitor, inhibited capsaicin-induced cell death. Testosterone treatment reduced capsaicin-induced cell death. High concentrations of testosterone decreased TRPV1 mRNA and protein expression levels. However, TRPV1 modulators did not affect testosterone production. These results showed that capsaicin induced cell death of Leydig cells and that testosterone reduced capsaicin-induced cell death. Our findings suggest that testosterone may regulate the survival of Leydig cells in young adult mice by decreasing the expression level of TRPV1.

Analysis of reduced-dose administration of oxaliplatin as adjuvant FOLFOX chemotherapy for colorectal cancer

Dawon Park,Se-Jin Baek,Jung-Myun Kwak,Jin Kim,Seon-Hahn Kim 대한외과학회 2018 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.94 No.4

Purpose: An oxaliplatin-based regimen is the most common adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with stage II/III colorectal cancer, but many patients experience dose reduction or early termination of chemotherapy due to side effects. We conducted this study to verify the range of reduction with oncologic safety. Methods: Patients with stage II/III colorectal cancer who received adjuvant FOLFOX chemotherapy were enrolled in this study. The total amount of oxaliplatin administered per patient was calculated as a percentile based on 12 cycles of fulldose FOLFOX as a standard dose. The cutoff values showing significant differences in survival were calculated, and the clinicopathologic outcomes of patient groups classified by the value were compared. Results: Among a total of 611 patients, there were 107 stage II patients, and 504 stage III patients. At 60% of the standard dose of oxaliplatin, the patients in the dose reduction group were older (62 years vs. 58 years, P = 0.003), had lower body mass index (BMI) (23.1 kg/m2 vs. 24.0 kg/m2, P = 0.005), and were more exposed to neoadjuvant treatment (18.0% vs. 9.1%, P = 0.003) in comparison to the standard group. At 60% of the standard dose, there were no significant differences in 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) between the 2 groups (5-year DFS: 73.5% vs. 74.2%, P = 0.519; 5-year OS: 71.9% vs. 81.5%, P = 0.256, respectively). Conclusion: Patients with old age, low BMI, and more frequent exposure to neoadjuvant treatment tended to show lower compliance with chemotherapy. More than 60% dose should be administered to patients with stage II/III colorectal cancer as adjuvant chemotherapy to achieve acceptable oncologic outcomes.

H₂O₂-induced up-regulation of CatSper3 in mouse brain

Kim, Chang-Woon,Tak, Hyun-Min,Kim, Gyu-Tae,Mun, Yun-Ja,Jeon, Byeong Tak,Kim, Hyun Joon,Roh, Gu Seob,Han, Jaehee,Kang, Dawon Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2010 Molecular reproduction and development Vol.77 No.8

Structural geometry of the Busan metamorphic complex, Korea

Dawon Kim,Changyeob Kim,Jungrae Noh,Sanghoon Kwon 대한지질학회 2022 대한지질학회 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.10

Method for Screening and Confirming Meldonium in Human Urine by High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry and Identification of Endogenous Interferences for Anti-Doping Testing

Kim, Yongseok,Jeong, Dawon,Min, Hophil,Sung, Changmin,Park, Ju-hyung,Son, Junghyun,Lee, Kang Mi,Kim, Ho Jun,Lee, Jaeick,Kwon, Oh-Seung,Kim, Ki Hun Korean Society for Mass Spectrometry 2017 Mass spectrometry letters Vol.2 No.4

Meldonium is a drug for treating ischemia by expanding the arteries but it can also enhance the performance of sports players. The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) has included it in the list of prohibited substances since 2016. Meldonium is one of the challenging substances for anti-doping testing because it is difficult to recover by general liquid-liquid or solid phase extraction due to its permanent charge and high polarity. Therefore, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is currently used by injecting a diluted urine sample (known as the "dilute-and-shoot" strategy). There is no loss of target compounds in the extraction/cleanup procedure but its high matrix effect could interfere in their separation or detection from the endogenous urinary compounds. We report a single method using high-resolution mass spectrometry that can be used for both screening and confirmation, which follows the "dilute-and-shoot" strategy. In this method, the endogenous compounds' interfering peaks in the mass spectrum are separated at a high resolution of FWHM 140,000, and the results are suitable for substance detection following the WADA guidelines. The interferences in the obtained mass spectrum of the urine matrix are identified as acetylcholine, lysine, and glutamine by further analysis and database searching. Validation of the method is performed in routine anti-doping testing, and the limit of detection is 50 ng/mL. This method uses simple sample preparation and a general reverse phase HPLC column, and it can be easily applied to other substances.

Trends in Intraoperative Neuromonitoring for Thyroid Surgery: A Point-Prevalence Survey in Korea

Dawon Park,Young Jun Chai,Hoon Yub Kim,Woong Youn Chung,Kang Dae Lee,Kwang-Yoon Jung,Jeong Soo Kim 대한신경모니터링학회 2021 Journal of Neuromonitoring & Neurophysiology Vol.1 No.1

Background and Objectives To determine the trends in the use of intraoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) monitoring during thyroid surgery in Korea. Materials and Methods A web-based anonymous survey was sent to 594 members of the Korean Intraoperative Neural Monitoring Society (KINMoS), who perform thyroid surgeries in Korea. Topics included in the survey covered the demographics, practice setting, surgical volume, access and familiarity with intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) technology, use of IONM, perceived advantages or disadvantages, and qualitative and quantitative descriptions of IONM usage. The χ² test was used to examine associations between the use of IONM and dependent variables. Results A total of 78 (13.1%) people completed the survey. Of the respondents, 78.1% answered that they use IONM in at least some thyroid cases: 28% answered that they always use it and 50% used it occasionally. The most common reason for using IONM was because “it is helpful in special cases,” while “cost” was the most common reason for not using IONM. Among the study population, surgeons in tertiary hospitals and those with high surgical volumes used IONM frequently. Surgeons using IONM were often involved in medical education and were more likely to recommend the use of IONM. Statistical correlation was also confirmed between laryngeal examination and IONM utilization. Conclusion IONM is used for thyroid surgeries at a relatively high rate in Korea. Its use is associated with training, hospital setting of the current surgical practice, annual number of surgeries, involvement in medical training/education, familiarity with IONM, and device availability.

Effects of modulators of AMP-activated protein kinase on TASK-1/3 and intracellular Ca(2+) concentration in rat carotid body glomus cells.

Kim, Donghee,Kang, Dawon,Martin, Elizabeth A,Kim, Insook,Carroll, John L Elsevier Science 2014 Respiratory physiology & neurobiology Vol.195 No.-

<P>Acute hypoxia depolarizes carotid body chemoreceptor (glomus) cells and elevates intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i). Recent studies suggest that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) mediates these effects of hypoxia by inhibiting the background K(+) channels such as TASK. Here we studied the effects of modulators of AMPK on TASK activity in cell-attached patches. Activators of AMPK (1mM AICAR and 0.1-0.5mM A769662) did not inhibit TASK activity or cause depolarization during acute (10min) or prolonged (2-3h) exposure. Hypoxia inhibited TASK activity by 70% in cells pretreated with AICAR or A769662. Both AICAR and A769662 (15-40min) failed to increase [Ca(2+)]i in glomus cells. Compound C (40μM), an inhibitor of AMPK, showed no effect on hypoxia-induced inhibition of TASK. AICAR and A769662 phosphorylated AMPKα in PC12 cells, and Compound C blocked the phosphorylation. Our results suggest that AMPK does not affect TASK activity and is not involved in hypoxia-induced elevation of intracellular [Ca(2+)] in isolated rat carotid body glomus cells.</P>