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Immune correlates of protection for dengue: State of the art and research agenda
Katzelnick, Leah C.,Harris, Eva,Baric, Ralph,Coller, Beth-Ann,Coloma, Josefina,Crowe Jr., James E.,Cummings Jr., Derek A.T.,Dean Jr., Hansi,de Silva Jr., Aravinda,Diamond Jr., Michael S.,Durbin Jr., A Elsevier 2017 Vaccine Vol.35 No.36
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Dengue viruses (DENV1-4) are mosquito-borne flaviviruses estimated to cause up to ∼400 million infections and ∼100 million dengue cases each year. Factors that contribute to protection from and risk of dengue and severe dengue disease have been studied extensively but are still not fully understood. Results from Phase 3 vaccine efficacy trials have recently become available for one vaccine candidate, now licensed for use in several countries, and more Phase 2 and 3 studies of additional vaccine candidates are ongoing, making these issues all the more urgent and timely. At the “<I>Summit on Dengue Immune Correlates of Protection</I>”, held in Annecy, France, on March 8–9, 2016, dengue experts from diverse fields came together to discuss the current understanding of the immune response to and protection from DENV infection and disease, identify key unanswered questions, discuss data on immune correlates and plans for comparison of results across assays/consortia, and propose a research agenda for investigation of dengue immune correlates, all in the context of both natural infection studies and vaccine trials.</P>
( Silvio Danese ),( Rupa Banerjee ),( Jr Fraser Cummings ),( Iris Dotan ),( Paulo G Kotze ),( Rupert Wing Loong Leong ),( Kristine Paridaens ),( Laurent Peyrin-biroulet ),( Glyn Scott ),( Gert Van Ass 대한장연구학회 2018 Intestinal Research Vol.16 No.4
Symptomatic ulcerative colitis (UC) can be a chronic, disabling condition. Flares in disease activity are associated with many of the negative impacts of mild-to-moderate UC. Rapid resolution of flares can provide benefits to patients and healthcare systems. i Support Therapy-Access to Rapid Treatment (iSTART) introduces patient-centered care for mild-to-moderate UC. iSTART provides patients with the ability to self-assess symptomology and self-start a short course of second-line treatment when necessary. An international panel of experts produced consensus statements and recommendations. These were informed by evidence from systematic reviews on the epidemiology, mesalazine (5-ASA) treatment, and patient use criteria for second-line therapy in UC. Optimized 5-ASA is the first-line treatment in all clinical guidelines, but may not be sufficient to induce remission in all patients. Corticosteroids should be prescribed as second-line therapy when needed, with budesonide MMX<sup>®</sup> being a preferred steroid option. Active involvement of suitable patients in management of UC flares has the potential to improve therapy, with patients able to show good accuracy for flare self-assessment using validated tools. There is a place in the UC treatment pathway for an approach such as iSTART, which has the potential to provide patient, clinical and economic benefits. (Intest Res 2018;16:522-528)