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최군용, 사진원 忠北大學校 法科大學 法學硏究所 2013 法學硏究 Vol.24 No.1
In march of 2012, China's legislature has re-modified the criminal procedure law from eight aspects, including the criminal defense system. After that, in terms of legislation, the status and rights of defense lawyers have great changes so that make China's criminal defense system to a new level. This paper selects four topics in order to summarize, analyse and interpret the new law. Including the status of defense lawyers, the perfection of conditional rights of defense lawyers, the perfection of instrumental rights of defense lawyers, the perfection of Indemnificatory rights of defense lawyers, summarizes, analyses and interprets the new law.
허홍욱,이송진,최금자,허만규 부산대학교 환경문제연구소 2004 環境硏究報 Vol.22 No.-
Plant Population Structure of three areas in Young-do of Busan
Synergistic Effects of Leflunomide and Benazepril in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Nephropathy
Jin, Hua,Piao, Shang Guo,Jin, Ji Zhe,Jin, Ying Shun,Cui, Zhen Hua,Jin, Hai Feng,Zheng, Hai Lan,Li, Jin Ji,Jiang, Yu Ji,Yang, Chul Woo,Li, Can S.Karger 2014 The Nephron Journals Vol.126 No.3
<P>Abstract</P><P><B><I>Background:</I></B> Leflunomide (LEF) and benazepril have renoprotective effects on diabetic nephropathy (DN) through their anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic activities. This study investigated whether combined treatment using LEF and benazepril affords superior protection compared with the respective monotherapies. <B><I>Methods:</I></B> Diabetes was induced with streptozotocin (STZ, 65 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection in male Wistar rats. Two weeks after STZ injection, diabetic rats were treated daily for 12 weeks with LEF (10 mg/kg), benazepril (10 mg/kg), or a combination of both. Basic parameters (body weight, fasting blood glucose level, and 24 h urinary protein excretion), histopathology, inflammatory [inflammatory cell infiltration (ED-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and Toll-like receptor-2 (TLR-2)] and glomerulosclerotic factors [transforming growth factor-β<SUB>1</SUB> (TGF-β<SUB>1</SUB>) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF)], and oxidative stress (8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, 8-OHdG) were studied. <B><I>Results:</I></B> Benazepril or LEF treatment significantly prevented body weight loss and 24 h urinary protein excretion induced by diabetes; combined treatment with LEF and benazepril further improved these parameters compared with giving each drug alone (all p < 0.01). Increased expression of inflammatory (MCP-1 and TLR-2) and glomerulosclerotic (TGF-β<SUB>1</SUB> and CTGF) factors in diabetic rat kidney was reduced by treatment with either LEF or benazepril and was further reduced by the combined administration of the two drugs (p < 0.01). These effects were accompanied by suppression of urinary 8-OHdG excretion. There was no significant between-group difference in blood glucose level. <B><I>Conclusions:</I></B> LEF treatment lessens DN, and combined treatment with LEF and benazepril provides synergistic effects in preventing DN.</P><P>© 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel</P>
Cui, Xiao-Bin,Peng, Hao,Li, Su,Li, Ting-Ting,Liu, Chun-Xia,Zhang, Shu-Mao,Jin, Ting-Ting,Hu, Jian-Ming,Jiang, Jin-Fang,Liang, Wei-Hua,Li, Na,Li, Li,Chen, Yun-Zhao,Li, Feng Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.22
Background: A number of studies have identified a shared susceptibility locus in phospholipase C epsilon 1 (PLCE1) for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and gastric cardia adenocarcinomas (GCA). However, the results of PLCE1 expression in esophageal and gastric cancer remain inconsistent and controversial. Moreover, the effects on clinicopathological features remain undetermined. This study aimed to provide a precise quantification of the association between PLCE1 expression and the risk of ESCC and GCA through meta-analysis. Materials and Methods: Eligible studies were identified from PubMed, Wanfang Data, ISI Web of Science, and the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases. Using RevMan5.2 software, pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were employed to assess the association of PLCE1 expression with clinicopathological features relative to ESCC or GCA. Results: Seven articles were identified, including 761 esophageal and gastric cancer cases and 457 controls. Overall, we determined that PLCE1 expression was associated with tumor progression in both esophageal cancers (pooled OR=5.93; 95%CI=3.86 to 9.11) and gastric cancers (pooled OR=9.73; 95%CI=6.46 to 14.7). Moreover, invasion depth (pooled OR=3.62; 95%CI=2.30 to 5.70) and lymph node metastasis (pooled OR=4.21; 95%CI=2.69 to 6.59) were linked with PLCE1 expression in gastric cancer. However, no significant associations were determined between PLCE1 overexpression and the histologic grade, invasion depth, and lymph node metastasis in esophageal cancer. Conclusions: Our metaanalysis results indicated that upregulated PLCE1 is significantly associated with an increased risk of tumor progression in ESCC and GCA. Therefore, PLCE1 expression can be appropriately regarded as a promising biomarker for ESCC and GCA patients.
Plasma Folate and Vitamin B <sub>12</sub> Levels in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Cui, Lian-Hua,Quan, Zhen-Yu,Piao, Jin-Mei,Zhang, Ting-Ting,Jiang, Meng-Hui,Shin, Min-Ho,Choi, Jin-Su MDPI 2016 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.17 No.7
<P>Folate and vitamin B<SUB>12</SUB> involved in the one-carbon metabolism may play a key role in carcinogenesis and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through influencing DNA integrity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the association of plasma folate and vitamin B12 levels with HCC in a case-control study on 312 HCC patients and 325 cancer-free controls. Plasma concentrations of folate and vitamin B<SUB>12</SUB> in all the subjects were measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Meanwhile, the information of HCC patients’ clinical characteristics including tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, tumor size and tumor markers were collected. The patients of HCC had significantly lower folate levels than those of controls; there was no significant difference in the mean of plasma vitamin B<SUB>12</SUB> levels. We also observed an inverse association between the levels of plasma folate and HCC: the adjusted odds ratios (OR) (95% confidence intervals (CI)) of HCC from the highest to lowest quartile of folate were 0.30 (0.15–0.60), 0.33 (0.17–0.65), and 0.19 (0.09–0.38). Compared to the subjects in the lowest quartile of plasma vitamin B<SUB>12</SUB>, only the subjects in the highest quartile of vitamin B<SUB>12</SUB> exhibited a significant positive relationship with HCC, the adjusted OR was 2.01 (95% CI, 1.02–3.98). HCC patients with Stage III and IV or bigger tumor size had lower folate and higher vitamin B<SUB>12</SUB> levels. There was no significant difference in the mean plasma folate levels of the HCC cases in tumor markers status (AFP, CEA and CA19-9 levels), whereas patients with higher CEA or CA19-9 levels retained significantly more plasma vitamin B<SUB>12</SUB> than those with normal-CEA or CA19-9 level. In conclusion, plasma folate and vitamin B<SUB>12</SUB> levels could be associated with HCC, and might be used as predictors of clinical characteristics of HCC patients. However, further prospective studies are essential to confirm the observed results.</P>
Jin ChangShan,Cui Xiao-Yu 조선대학교 국제문화연구원 2015 국제문화연구 Vol.8 No.1
한 민족어의 의미 체계 속에는 어떤 객체를 표현하는 개념 의미 외에도 해당민족의 역사 문화, 풍속 습관, 민족 정서, 지리 환경등을 표현하는 다양한 문화 상징적 의미도 포함되어 있다. 이런 민족어를 국속(.俗)어휘라고 한다. 한 민족어의 개념의미에 더 첨가된 그 민족만이 갖고 있는 문화 상징적 의미를 국속의미라 하며 이런 국속의미를 연구하는 언어학의 한 분과를 국속의미론이라 한다. 넓은 의미로 말하자면 단어, 성, 속담, 전고 등이 모두 국속어휘에 속한다. 한국어 국속어휘는 한중 문화 교류에서 많이 쓰이고 있으므로 국속어휘의 번역은 단순히 개념의 전환뿐만 아니라 어휘의 은유적인 의미의 다른 문화 간의 전환이라고도 할 수 있어 자못 중요하다. 본 논문의 텍스트 『한국의 명수필』에는 여러 가지 유형의 국속어휘가 씌였는데 그중 단어형 국속어휘가 매우 특징적이다. 단어형 국속어휘는 고유어형 국속어휘와 한자어형 국속어휘 두 가지가 있다. 국속어휘를 온 전하게 번역하면 원문의 뜻을 올바르게 전달할수 있을 뿐만 아니라 독자들의 시야를 넓힐 수도 있다. 본 논문은 『한국의 명수필』에 나타난 단 어형 국속어휘를 대상으로 국속의미론을 적용하여 그 중국어 번역 방법을 모색해 보고자 하였다. 키워드: 국속의미론 국속어휘 중국어 번역