정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

개重湯엑스분의 食品學的 價値에 관한 연구

양승택,류병호,이종철 경성대학교 1983 부산수산대학 논문집 Vol.4 No.2

It is valuable to check food value of liquid extracted from the Korean dog meat(gae so zu) before it is adapted and acepted as health food. To evaluated food value of liquid extracted from Korean dog meat, Acid value, peroxide value, TBA value(2-thiobarbituric acid value) and volatile basic nitrogen were' analyzed. Acid value was higest contents when stored in 2 weeks of storage samples at room temperature. Peroxide value and TBA value was low contents during 4 weeks of each storage samples. But Volatile nitrogen was higest value after 1 week of storage samples. In the conclusion, liquid extracted from dog meat was unsuitable for food after 1 week of storage samples.

자일리톨, 후노란, 제2인산칼슘 및 카제인포스포펩타이드배합껌이 법랑질의 광질재침착에 미치는 영향에 관한 실용실험연구

이병진,배광학,박우철,양준영,황수정,노정,백대일,김종배 대한구강보건학회 2003 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.27 No.4

The object of this study was to investigate caries preventive effect of chewing gum containing xylitol, funoran, calcium hydrogen phosphate and casein phosphopeptide by examining Vickers' hardness and surface roughness with confocal laser microscope. Early caries-like lesions were created using 0.1 M lactic acid-sodium hydroxide buffer(pH 4.0). 8 pieces of 3am diameter bovine enamel specimen with early caries-like lesions were mounted into the recesses of lingual surface of the acrylic mandibular removable appliance. 13 subjects were the appliance for daytime and chewed control and experimental gums 7 times in a day, for 3 days. In order to evaluate the remineralization effect of chewing gum on specimens, we measured vickers' hardness number after chewing gum, 1 day, 2 days, 3 days after and calculated surface roughness immediately after chewing gum. Vickers' hardness number of experimental chewing gum was significantly higher than control in 2 and 3 days after. Surface roughness of experimental chewing gum was significantly lower than control immediately after chewing gum. These results showed that experimental gum has more effective in remineralization of bovine tooth enamel, and it is more effective at immediately after chewing.

Paraquat 투여 백서에서 Cyclophosphamide와 Dexamethasone의 치료 효과

신정철,신양수,유병전,임현성,정태흥,박찬국,오금탁,이병래 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1991 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.16 No.1

Paraquat (N,N'-dimethy 1-4,4'bipyrydinium : Gramoxone^(R), a widely used herbicide, is extremely toxic to all green plants and many eukaryotic organisms. In human, paraquat intoxication leads to multiple organ failure, it preferentially damages the lung, kidney and liver and may result in death. The participation of superoxide in initiating tissue damage by administration of paraquat is well known in which one electron reduction of paraquat leads to the formation of radical species which react with molecular oxygen to give superoxide. This process initiates immunological changes with the activation of neutrophilic leukocytes, which is related to further production of superoxide. In this experiment, therapeutic effects of cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone on blood cell count, malondialdehyde as a indicator of lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzymes levels in the lung, liver and kidney of paraquat intoxicated rats were inbestigated. The WBC count were significantly decreased by combined treatment of cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone in paraquat intoxicated rats at 3 and 5 days but RBC count were not changed. The contents of malondialdehyde were significantly decreased in the lung and Kidney by combined treatment at 10 days after paraquat intoxication. The catalase acitvities were markedly increased in the lung and liver of rats at 10 days after paraquat intoxication, and superoxide dismutase activities showed minimal changes in the lung, liver and kidney of rats by combined treatment. These results suggest that paraquat induced tissue damage in rats can be redeced by combined administration of cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone.

신사구체 경변증을 나타내는 FGS/NgaKist mice 간장에서 사이토크롬 P4501A1/2 단백질 발현

정규식,현병화,이철호,박상준,최양규,류시윤,이차수,민병길 대한해부학회 1997 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.30 No.2

출생 전 스트레스와 감금 스트레스가 흰쥐 편도복합체 별아교세포에 미치는 영향 : I. 별아교세포의 세포체에 미치는 영향

이지용,최병영,김동희,정원석,조병필,양영철 韓國電子顯微鏡學會 2008 Applied microscopy Vol.38 No.3

신경계통의 가소성은 신경세포의 변화에 의해 이루어질 뿐 아니라 신경아교세포의 변화에 의해서도 이루어진다. 신경아교세포 중 별아교세포는 신경세포의 기능을 조절하므로 정상적인 뇌의 기능을 유지하는데 매우 중요하다. 뇌에서 편도복합체는 위험 혹은 유해한 일련의 감각정보를 받아들이는 구역으로 받아들인 일련의 이와 같은 정보를 통합하고 변환시켜 공포라는 감정을 만들어낸다. 이런 과정은 편도복합체 신경세포에서 분비되는 신경전달물질의 균형변화에 의해 이루어지며, 신경전달물질의 조절에 별아교세포가 관여하므로 본 연구에서는 출생 전 스트레스와 성장 후에 받은 스트레스가 편도복합체 별아교세포의 세포체에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 조사하였다. 이를 위해 흰쥐를 스트레스를 받지 않은 대조군 (CON), 성장 후 스트레스를 받은 군(CONR), 출생 전 스트레스를 받은 군(PNS), 출생 전 스트레스와 성장 후 스트레스를 모두 받은 군 (PNSR)으로 구분하였다. 별아교세포는 GFAP 항체를 이용한 면역조직화학 염색을 시행하여 확인하였으며, methylene blue/azure II로 대조 염색하였다. Neurolucida 프로그램을 이용하여 계측한 별아교세포의 세포체는 일부 편도복합체 신경핵에서 출생 전 스트레스를 받은 PNS군이 대조군에 비하여 면적이 증가하였으며, 이런 경향은 출생전 스트레스를 받고 다시 성장 후 스트레스를 받은 PNSR군에서 더욱 증가하였다. 따라서 흰쥐의 편도복합체에 분포하는 별아교세포는 스트레스에 영향을 받아 비대해지는 경향을 보인 것으로 나타났으며, 출생 전 스트레스가 성장 후에도 영향을 미치는것으로 사료된다. The plasticity of nervous system is generated not only due to changes in neurons but also due to changes in neuroglial cells. Astrocyte is important for maintaining the normal brain function and controlling the neuronal functions. The amygdala receives an array of important sensory information of danger signals. This information is further transduced and integrated to produce the highly adaptive emotion, fear. In this study, morphometric changes in the cell bodies of astrocytes in the amygdala, induced by prenatal stress and restraint stress were examined. For this purpose, rats were classified into 4 groups; control group (CON), only restraint-stressed (starting on P90 for 3 days) group (CONR), prenatally-stressed group (PNS), and prenatally and restraint (on P90 for 3 days) stressed group (PNSR). Astrocytes were verified with anti-GFAP immunohistochemistry, counter stained with methylene blue/azure II and were examined using the Neurolucida. Results showed that astrocytes in the amygdala of PNS rats had significantly larger cell bodies than did CON rats and this was enhanced further by restraint stress. Thus this data showed that hypertrophy of the astrocytic cell bodies of amygdala complex is induced by prenatal and restraint stress.

Survival and In Vitro Development of Immature Bovine Oocytes Cryopreserved by Vitrification

Yang, Byoung-Chul,Im, Gi-Sun,Chang, Won-Kyong,Lee, Yun-Keun,Oh, Sung-Jong,Jin, Dong-Il,Im, Kyong-Sun,Lee, Chang-Kyu Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2003 Animal Bioscience Vol.16 No.1

The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of PVP concentration and exposure temperature to vitrification solution on the post-thaw survival, in vitro maturation and development of immature bovine oocytes (germinal vesicle stage). The vitrification solution (VS) consisted of 40% ethylene glycol (EG)+0.5 M sucrose (S)+10% FBS. PVP was added to VS: 0%, 5% or 10%. The cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were diluted in VS as one step, after 2 min the COCs were loaded in straw and vitrified by direct immersion into liquid nitrogen. For thawing, the straws were plunged into $30^{\circ}C$ water bath for 10s. After thawing, the oocytes were diluted in 0.5 M (in DPBS with 10% FBS) sucrose solution for 5 min. The survival rate (FDA-test and trypan blue) of immature bovine oocytes was measured. The survival rate was higher in 5% PVP (91.5%) than in 0% (64.2%) or in 10% PVP (79.7%). The proportion of metaphase II formation was 69.35% in control (no vitrified COCs), 9.3% in 40% EG+0.5 M S+0% PVP and 21.05% in 40% EG+0.5 M S+5% PVP (p<0.05). The effect of room temperature ($25^{\circ}C$ for 10 min) and cold temperature ($4^{\circ}C$ for 10 min) on COCs were determined in this study. After IVF, the cleavage and blastocysts rate of oocytes exposed to room temperature and cold temperature in VS+5% PVP was significantly different (2 cell: 63.20% vs 37.97%, blastocysts: 18.40% vs 2.53%). The cleavage rates of frozen-thawed oocytes were 20.53% with PVP and 22.13% without PVP (p>0.05). Two out of 151 oocytes (1.32%) developed to blastocyst stage after frozen-thawed with 5% PVP (p>0.05). Development of oocytes after frozen-thawing to the 2 cell were not significantly affected with or without PVP following IVF. However, the vitrification of immature bovine oocytes with PVP maintained the ability to develop to the blastocyst stage after IVM-IVF and IVC, while no blastocysts were obtained from oocytes vitrified without PVP. These results suggested that PVP has a protective role for vitrification of immature bovine oocytes as far as survival is concerned, however, the protection was not sufficient enough to support blastocyst formation.

Analysis of the Characteristics Epididymal sperm Collected from Korean Native Bull(Hanwoo) Before and After Puberty

Byoung-Chul Yang,Sung-Sik Kang,Ui-Hyung Kim,Seok-Dong Lee,Kim Hyeong-Cheol,Chung Ki-Yong,Jang Sun-Sik,Si-Dong Kim,Myoung-Sook Lee,Sang-Rae Cho 한국수정란이식학회 2016 한국수정란이식학회 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.10

Sperm recovery from epididymis in animals considered as important tools to preserve high-value or endangered species. However, there are no appropriate castrating indicators of timing for recovery of sperm which can be available to artificial reproduction technologies such as artificial insemination (AI) and in vitro fertilization (IVF), particularly in young Hanwoo bull. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate semen volume, morphology and motility of sperm in epididymis of young Hanwoo bulls at 8, 13, 14, and 15 months of age. About 2 cm of the epididymal tail only was cut and minced using blades. Minced epididymal tail tissues were mixed with semen extender (OptixCell, France, IMV technologies) and sperm were recovered with a cell strainer (100 μm nylon mesh). The number of sperm at 8 months of age was lower than that at 13, 14, 15 months of age in bulls after collection (33.6±27.2 vs. 352.4±39.2, 320.4±113.6 and 422.8±252.4×107cells respectively; P<0.05). After the frozen-thawed sperm the the percentage of abnormal head, tail and dead damaged acrosome did not differ between the ages 13, 14 and 15 months of age in bulls (P>0.05), however, the dead sperm with intact acrosome (DIA), the numbers showed that more than 15 months in 8, 13, 14 months (8.7±4.1 vs. 47.3±12.2, 34.8±14.0, 28.8±8.5, P<0.05). In addition, frozen-thawed sperm at 8 months of age showed low total motile sperm compared to those at 13, 14 and 15 months of age (26.4±8.2 vs. 45.7±29.5, 62.3±41.0, 70.4±15.9%, respectively; P<0.05). In conclusion, sperm derived from epididymal tail at 8 months of age in Hanwoo bulls showed high abnormal morphology and poor motility, which is not adequate for artificial insemination(AI) and in vitro fertilization(IVF). On the other hand, sperm derived from epididymal tail at 13, 14, 15 months of age in bull showed high normal morphology and motility, which may be available for AI and IVF. Epididymal sperm collected from bulls over 13 months is needed for further study whether to use the actual in vitro fertilization.

Analysis of the Characteristics Epididymal sperm Collected from Korean Native Bull(Hanwoo) Before and After Puberty

Byoung-Chul Yang,Sung-Sik Kang,Ui-Hyung Kim,Seok-Dong Lee,Kim Hyeong-Cheol,Chung Ki-Yong,Jang Sun-Sik,Si-Dong Kim 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2016 발생공학 국제심포지엄 및 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.10

Development of hFSH Transgenic Embryo by Gene Transfected Bovine Fetal Fibroblasts

Byoung-Chul Yang,DongHoon Kim,GiSun 1m,HyoSuk Park,SeWoong Kim,JinSung Seo,InSun Hwang,BoSuk Yang,WonKyong Chang 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2004 Reproductive & Developmental Biology(Supplement) Vol.28 No.2s