경주마에서 Naproxen 및 대사산물의 검출

윤효인,박승춘,이관복,김창식 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 1994 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.1 No.-

Naproxen(NPX) was administrered to a throrougbred mare in a single oral does. Plasma and urine samples were collected from 1 hour to 144 hours after administration, at varying intervals. The alkali hydrolysis was used for the seperation of glucuronide from the conjugated naproxen and its metabolite in urine. Naproxen and its metabolite desmethylnaproxen (DesNPX) were extracted at pH 4.0 with DCM/ETHETR/HEXAN(1/1/1, v/v/v) and quantitated by HPLC with diode-array-detector. The wavelength of ultraviolet was 235, 254 and 264 nm. The qulification of NPX and DesNPX was performed by gas-chromatograph-mass spectrometry using DB-1 column. Silylation (BSTFA including 1% TMCS) before the analysis of the extracted residue with GC/MSD was carried out for the detection of this drug and its metabolite. The characteristic ions (m/e) of trimethyl Silyated NPX and DesNPX were 73, 185, 302 and 73, 243, 360, respectively.

Lidocaine, Thrombin, Epinephrine 의 항균효과

김진우,이동건,전혜선,김승준,김석찬,안중현,김치홍,권순석,김영균,김관형,문화식,신완식,송정섭,박성학 대한감염학회 2005 감염과 화학요법 Vol.37 No.6

목적 : 기관지내시경 검사에서 흔히 사용되는 국소마취제인 lidocaine과 내시경시 지혈목적으로 사용되는 thrombin과 epinephrine이 각종 균주에 미치는 항균효과에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 균주는 가톨릭대학교 성모병원에서 2004년 3월부터 2004년 9월까지 임상검체 에서 동정된 S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa 각각 42, 42, 42, 43주를 대상으로 하였다. Lidocaine, thrombin, epinephrine 감수성 검사는 National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS, 2002)의 기준에 따랐다. 결과 : Lidocaine은 S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa에서 MIC_(50), MIC_(90) 모두 20,000 ㎍/mL 이었다. K. pneumoniae는 각각 10,000 ㎍/mL이었다. Thrombin은 S. aureus와 P. aeruginosa에서 MIC50 500 lU/mL 과 MIC_(90) 500 IU/mL 이상이었고, K. pneumoniae에서는 MIC_(50)과 MIC_(90)이 모두 500 lU/mL이상이었으나 S. pneumoniae에서는 MIC_(50)과 MIC_(90)은 125 IU/mL이었다. Epinephrine은 K. pneumoniae, S. pneumoniae에 대한 MIC_(50), MIC_(90)가 모두 >500 ㎍/mL이었고, S. aureus와 P. aeruginosa에 대한 MIC_(50), MIC_(90)가 모두 500 ㎍/mL이었다. 결론 : 기관지 내시경 검사에서 흔히 쓰이는 lidocaine, thrombin, epinephrine 등의 약제들이 호흡기 질환의 흔한 병원균인 S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa 균주들에 대해 항균 효과가 있을 수 있어 세균배양검사에 영향을 미칠 수 있겠다. Background : We performed this stody to find out about antimicrobial effect of lidocaine which is commonly used local anesthetic, and thrombin and epinephrine used for hemostasis during bronchoscopic procedures. Materials and Methods : The microorganisms that were cultured from specimens obtained during bronchoscopy were Staphylococcus aureus (n=42), Streptococcus pneumoniae (n=42), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=42), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=43) collected from St. Mary's Hospital, from March to Sep 2004 were used for susceptibity testing. Susceptibility to lidocaine, thrombin, and epinephrine were tested according to the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Result : MIC_(50) and MIC_(90) of lidocaine for S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa were all 20,000 ㎍/mL and that for K. pneumoniae were 10,000 ㎍/mL. MIC_(50) and MIC_(90) of thrombin for both S. aureus and P. aeruginosa was 500 IU/mL and above 500 IU/mL, respectively; that for K. pneumoniae were all above 500 IU/mL and for S. pneumoniae they were 125 IU/mL, MIC_(50) and MIC_(90) of epinephrine for K. pneumoniae and S. pneumoniae were above 500 ㎍/mL; that for S. aureus and P. aeruginosa were 500 ㎍/mL. Conclusion : We observed possible antimicrobial effect of lidocaine, thrombin, and epinephrine in vitro against pathogens such as S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, which are common respiratory microorganisms. The use of these agants could affect the result of bacterial culture.

Effect of engineered barriers on the leach rate of cesium from spent PWR fuel

Kwan Sik Chun,Seung Soo Kim,Jong-won Choi 한국방사성폐기물학회 2005 방사성폐기물학회지 Vol.3 No.4

모의지하수중에서 가압경수로형 사용후핵연료로부터 세슘의 침출률에 미치는 공학적 방벽 영향을 규명하기 위하여 지난 약 6년간 벤토나이트 또는 금속시편등의 존재여부에 따라 침출시험을 수행하였다. 침출률은 시간이 경과함에 따라 지수함수적으로 감소하는 경향을 나타내었으며, 적정시간이 경과한 다음부터는 일정한 값에 수렴하는 경향을 나타내었다. 벤토나이트 또는 금속시편이 있을 경우 세슘의 누적누출분률은 선형적으로 증가하였으나, 이들이 없는 경우의 누적분률은 급격히 증가한 다음 서서히 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 이 누적분률에서 갭에 존재하는 세슘의 재고량을 제한 값은 공학적 방벽이 존재하는 경우의 누적분률에 거의 근접하였다. 이러한 결과들은 사용후핵연료 중 세슘의 초기누출분률은 갭 중 세슘의 재고량에 의존하지만, 세슘의 장기침출률은 공학적 방벽에 거의 영향을 받지 않음을 암시해 주고 있다. 그러나 세슘의 초기침출률은 공학적 방벽의 지연효과로 감소될 수 있을 것이다. 그리고 처분장에서 사용후핵연료 중 세슘의 장기침출률은 를 넘지않는 범위 내에서 일정한 값을 가질 것이다. To identify the effect of engineered barriers on the leach rate of cesium from spent PWR fuel under a synthetic granitic groundwater, the related leach tests with and without bentonite or metals have been performed up to about 6 years. The leach rates were decreased as a function of leaching time and then became a constant after a certain period. The period in a bare spent fuel was much longer than that with bentonite or metal sheets. The cumulative fraction of cesium released from the spent fuel with bentonite or with copper and stainless steel sheets was steadily increased, but the fraction from bare fuel was rapidly and then sluggishly increased. However, the values deducted its gap inventory from the cumulative fraction of cesium released from the bare fuel was almost very close to the others. These suggest that the initial release of cesium from bare fuel might be dependant on its gap inventory and the effect of engineered barriers on the long-term leach rate of cesium would be insignificant but the rate with engineered barriers could be reduced in the initial transient period due to their retardation effect. And the long-term leach rate of cesium from spent fuel in a repository would be approached to a constant rate of

Comparative Analysis of Terminology Definitions for Spent Nuclear Fuel Disposal in Domestic Regulations With Related Foreign Definitions

Kwan Sik Chun,Sang Hoon Park,Kyong Won Han 한국방사성폐기물학회 2023 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.21 No.2

As part of the preparation of a glossary of terminologies related to the disposal of spent nuclear fuel, definitions of potentially issuable terminologies used in domestic regulations were inferred from relevant regulations or comparatively analyzed with foreign definitions. These terminologies are safety assessment and performance assessment, safety function and safety performance, disposal containers and package, isolation and containment, and so on. Their concise and easy-to-understand definitions have been proposed in order to obtain these opinions of stakeholders.

Long-term leach rates of simulated borosilicate waste glasses under a repository condition

Kwan-Sik Chun,Seong-Soo Kim,Jongwon Choi 한국방사성폐기물학회 2003 방사성폐기물학회지 Vol.1 No.1

심부 처분환경조건에서 붕규산유리고화체의 장기침출거동을 규명하기 위하여 3종의 모의붕규산유리고화체에 대한 장기침출실험이 1997년에 착수되었다. 5년간의 침출결과는 붕소가 본 붕규산유리고화체의 장기침출지표물질로 사용될 수 있음을 확인시켜 주었고, 비록 고화체들의 조성은 약간씩 다르지만, 초기 1년여 기간동안의 침출률을 제외한 장기침출률은 S/V에도 무관하게 0.03g/-day 에 근접하는 경향을 보여주고 있다. To understand the long-term leach behavior of a borosilicate Waste glass in a repository, the leaching experiment with three kinds of simulated borosilicate waste glasses has been carried out since the middle of 1997. The five years results indicate that a boron would be applied as an indicator of a long-term leaching of their borosilicate waste glasses and that their long-term leach rates have a tendency to be close to about 0.03g/-day even though their compositions and their ratios of the surface area to the volume of leachate are different.

Long-term Dissolution Behavior of Cesium from Spent PWR Fuel in Contact with Compacted Bentonite under Synthetic Granitic Groundwater

Kwan Sik Chun,Seung Soo Kim,Seong Jea Bak,Jongwon Choi 한국방사성폐기물학회 2004 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.2 No.1

Absorption of NOx in Packed Column (Ⅰ) : Mathematical Modelling

Chun, Kwan Sik,Park, Hyun Soo,Lee, Hoo Kun,Cho, Jong Hyun 한국화학공학회 1990 NICE Vol.8 No.1

A mathematical model for an absorption of nitrogen oxides into water in packed column was developed based on the mass-transfer coefficient in packed column and the chemical reaction accompanying NO_x absorption produces HNO₃ and HNO₂ in the liquid phase. The subsequent dissociation of HNO₂ in the liquid-phase results in the formation of HNO₃ and NO gas, and then this NO gas follows to be oxidized by O₂ in air. The important factors influenced on the absorption of NO_x are the oxidation state of NO gas and the partial pressure of nitrogen oxides in the gas. The efficiency of NO_x absorption increases with the increase of the partial pressure of NO_x. The most critical value for using the model is the constant of (√DK₃/H)_(N₂O₄). The selection of 11 x l0^(-4)kg·mol/ atm·㎡·sec for (√DK₃/H)_(N₂O₄) is resonable for this model.

Vitrification of Highly Active Liquid Waste(I) (Thermal Decomposition of Nitrates and Additives for Glass-making)

Chun, Kwan-Sik,Lee, Sang-Hoon Korean Nuclear Society 1977 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.9 No.4

The decomposition of all the individual chemicals used in the Harwell inactive vitrification pilot plant has been studied by means of a thermal balance. Weight loss curves to 110$0^{\circ}C$ have been obtained. The four materials (sodium nitrate, cesium nitrate, lithium nitrate and ruthenium nitroso-nitrate solution) showed a greater weight loss than that based on an oxide yield, and hence these compounds of their products of decomposition are volatile below 110$0^{\circ}C$. The remaining materials suffered a weight loss no more than that corresponding to a full yield of the oxide, and hence they were not volatile below 110$0^{\circ}C$. Most of chemicals begin to decompose at less than 75$^{\circ}C$ but the nitrates of cesium, strontium, barium and sodium not until 295$^{\circ}C$ to 59$0^{\circ}C$. The results obtained can be used in the analysis of process conditions in the vitrification and calcination of highly radioactive wastes and also of the thermal decomposition behaviour of mixtures containing those materials.

Long-term apparent diffusivity of cesium in compacted bentonite with synthetic granitic groundwater

Kwan Sik Chun,Seung Soo Kim,Jongwon Choi 한국방사성폐기물학회 2004 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.2 No.2

Process Analysis on the Decontamination of Internal Surface of UF6 Cylinder

Kwan Sik Chun,Sung Hyun Yoo,Young June Cho,Jang Pyo Hong,Wook Jin Han,Beong Soon Choi,Pil Sang Kang,Suk Ju Cho 한국방사성폐기물학회 2009 방사성폐기물학회지 Vol.7 No.3

핵연료 운반용 실린더의 재사용을 위한 용기세척공장의 제염공정에 대한 성능을 평가하기 위하여 Na2CO3 + H2O2 혼합용액의 조합을 약간 달리한 2회의 시험을 실행하였다. 각 시험은 모두 일련의 5 단계에 걸쳐 실시되었다. 우라늄 제염의 주 화학종은 Na4UO2(CO3)3 로 식별되었다. 그리고 첫 단계에서의 세척액은 물이었으며, 이 단계에서 50% 이상의 우라늄이 제염되었다. 그 이후로는 단계가 더해 갈수록 우라늄의 제염양은 지수함수적으로 감소하는 경향을 나타내었으며, 화학양론적으로 제거된 우라늄에 비하여 투여된 Na2CO3 의 양은 과다함을 나타내었다. 이러한 결과들에 의하면, 공정최적화를 통하여 Na2CO3 의 투여량 감축, 세척폐액의 감량, 제염단계 축소 등을 꾀할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.