Smoking, drinking, and physical activity among Korean adults before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a special report of the 2020 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Sunhye Choi,Jinwook Bahk,Suyeon Park,Kyungwon Oh,Kyunghee Jung-Choi 한국역학회 2022 Epidemiology and Health Vol.44 No.-

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to describe trends in health behaviours between 2011 and 2020 and compare the changes in these behaviours between the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic and previous periods according to socio-demographic variables. METHODS: This study used data from the 2011 to 2020 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Current cigarette smoking, high-risk drinking, and inadequate physical activity levels were used as health behaviour indicators. The age-standardized prevalence, differences in prevalence between the periods, and the annual percentage change (APC) were calculated. RESULTS: Current cigarette smoking showed a decreasing trend (APC, -2.6), high-risk drinking remained unchanged, and inadequate physical activity levels increased (APC, 3.5) during 2011-2020. There were significant differences in high-risk drinking (3.1%p; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.3 to 5.9) and inadequate physical activity levels (4.3%p; 95% CI, 0.4 to 8.1) between 2019 and 2020 in men. Among men, increased high-risk drinking was found in those aged 40-49 years, non-single households, urban residents, and the middle and highest income groups between 2019 and 2020. The low educational group and manual workers among men aged 30-59 years also showed an increased proportion of high-risk drinking. Inadequate physical activity levels also increased among men between 2019 and 2020 in those aged 30-39 years, non-single households, urban residents, and the upper-middle-income group. CONCLUSIONS: In the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, Korean men’s high-risk drinking and inadequate physical activity levels increased. In addition to social efforts to reduce the spread of infectious diseases, active measures to positively change health behaviour are needed.

Tobacco Use Among Students Aged 13-15 Years in South Korea: The 2013 Global Youth Tobacco Survey

Choi, Sunhye,Kim, Yoonjung,Lee, Jihye,Kashiwabara, Mina,Oh, Kyungwon The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine 2017 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.50 No.1

Objectives: We examined the prevalence of tobacco use and exposure to secondhand smoke among middle-school students in Korea using the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) in 2013. Methods: The GYTS in Korea was conducted between July and August 2013 by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Data were collected using a self-administered anonymous questionnaire from a nationally representative sample of middle-school students aged 13-15 years in sampled classrooms. Results: The GYTS in Korea was completed by 4235 students aged 13-15 years in 43 middle schools. Approximately one in five of the students (17.8%) reported that they had tried cigarettes in the past, while 5.2% reported currently being cigarette smokers. Current cigarette smoking was higher in boys (7.5%) than in girls (2.6%). Of the students, 29.7% had been exposed to secondhand smoke at home, 47.4% inside enclosed public places, and 53.9% in outdoor public places. Of the current cigarette smokers, 25.7% bought their cigarettes from a store despite a law prohibiting this. Additionally, 58.0% of students noticed point-of-sale tobacco advertisements or promotions, 66.8% of current cigarette smokers wanted to stop smoking, and 70.9% of students had been taught about the dangers of tobacco use in school. Conclusions: These findings provide an opportunity to develop, implement, and evaluate a comprehensive tobacco control policy. The results suggest that youth have relatively easy access to cigarettes and are regularly exposed to secondhand smoke in public places, as well as to point-of-sale tobacco advertisements and promotions. Strict enforcement of the ban on tobacco sales to youth, expanding smoke-free areas, and advertising bans are needed to reduce tobacco use among youth.

Smoking, drinking, and physical activity among Korean adults before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a special report of the 2020 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Choi Sunhye,Bahk Jinwook,Park Suyeon,Oh Kyungwon,Jung-Choi Kyunghee 한국역학회 2022 Epidemiology and Health Vol.44 No.-

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to describe trends in health behaviours between 2011 and 2020 and compare the changes in these behaviours between the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic and previous periods according to socio-demographic variables.METHODS: This study used data from the 2011 to 2020 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Current cigarette smoking, high-risk drinking, and inadequate physical activity levels were used as health behaviour indicators. The age-standardized prevalence, differences in prevalence between the periods, and the annual percentage change (APC) were calculated.RESULTS: Current cigarette smoking showed a decreasing trend (APC, -2.6), high-risk drinking remained unchanged, and inadequate physical activity levels increased (APC, 3.5) during 2011-2020. There were significant differences in high-risk drinking (3.1%p; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.3 to 5.9) and inadequate physical activity levels (4.3%p; 95% CI, 0.4 to 8.1) between 2019 and 2020 in men. Among men, increased high-risk drinking was found in those aged 40-49 years, non-single households, urban residents, and the middle and highest income groups between 2019 and 2020. The low educational group and manual workers among men aged 30-59 years also showed an increased proportion of high-risk drinking. Inadequate physical activity levels also increased among men between 2019 and 2020 in those aged 30-39 years, non-single households, urban residents, and the upper-middle-income group.CONCLUSIONS: In the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, Korean men’s high-risk drinking and inadequate physical activity levels increased. In addition to social efforts to reduce the spread of infectious diseases, active measures to positively change health behaviour are needed.

SCAMPER 기법을 활용한 종이접기 수업이 아동의 창의성과 공간능력에 미치는 효과

최선혜(Choi, Sunhye),모화숙(Mo, Hwasook),하대현(Ha, Daehyun) 한국열린교육학회 2014 열린교육연구 Vol.22 No.1

본 연구는 창의성 교육의 중요성에 입각하여 SCAMPER 기법을 활용한 종이접기 수업을 초등학생에게 실시하고 그 수업이 아동의 창의성과 공간능력을 향상시키는지 여부를 경험적으로 검증하고자 하였다. 초등학생 22명을 실험집단과 통제집단으로 나누어, 실험집단 아동에게 12주 동안 SCAMPER 기법을 활용한 종이접기 수업을 실시한 후 사전-사후 통제집단 실험설계에 따라 종이접기 수업이 창의성과 공간능력에 미치는 효과성을 검증하였다. SCAMPER 기법을 활용한 종이접기 수업은 창의적 산물의 경우 측정시기에 따른 평균 차이에 대한 분석결과 유의하게 향상되는 것으로 나타났으며, 창의적 능력과 창의적 인성점수도 실험집단이 통제집단보다 사후검사 평균 점수가 유의하게 높았다. 반면 공간능력에서는 실험집단과 통제집단의 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 이 연구는 순서와 규칙에 따라 정확하게 접는 것을 중요시 하는 기존의 종이접기 수업과 달리 다양한 아이디어의 발상을 돕는 SCAMPER 기법을 적용한 종이접기 수업이 아동의 창의성을 능력, 인성, 산물 평가 측면에서 모두 향상시킨다는 것을 경험적으로 밝혔다는 점과 그 수업 내용과 방법을 구체적으로 명시했다는 점에서 교육적으로 중요한 의의가 있다. This experimental research aims to verify if the SCAMPER technique used in origami class will improve the creativity and spatial ability in children. The main focus of this experiment is to show the importance of implementing creative education, which is increasing in popularity. For this purpose, an origami class was organized and taught using the SCAMPER technique to help to generate various new ideas, unlike the existing origami classes, which stresses the accuracy of folding according to the rules provided. Moreover, the performance assessment of the created products was conducted along with a psychometric assessment to see whether the teachings of the origami class were still present for one to two months after the experiment. As a result, the origami class using the SCAMPER technique was effective in improving the creativity in children. According to the origami class product evaluation, there were positive changes during the experimental period. The effect lasted even longer than one or two months than previously predicted. In addition, it showed significant improvements of scores in not only the Torrance tests of creative thinking, but also in the creative personality tests. However, according to the scores of the RAVEN test, which measures spatial ability, there were no significant improvements. Based on the final results, this study suggests that the SCAMPER technique positively affects the creativity in children, but not their spatial ability.

RFID 국내외 표준화 동향 분석을 통한 향후 추진 방향 연구

최선혜(Sunhye Choi),김수학(Soohak Kim),김대중(Daejung Kim) 한국통신학회 2005 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2005 No.6

Rapid Induction of Osteogenic Markers in Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction Cells

Choi, Jung-Won,Shin, Sunhye,Lee, Chang Youn,Lee, Jiyun,Seo, Hyang-Hee,Lim, Soyeon,Lee, Seahyoung,Kim, Il-Kwon,Lee, Hoon-Bum,Kim, Sang Woo,Hwang, Ki-Chul S. KARGER AG 2017 CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY Vol.44 No.1

<P>Background/Aims: Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells are a mixed cell population, and their regenerative capacity has been validated in various therapeutic models. The purpose of this study was to investigate the regenerative mechanisms utilized by implanted SVF cells. Using an in vitro co-culture system, we sought to determine whether SVF implantation into impaired tissue affects endogenous mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation; MSCs can differentiate into a variety of cell types, and they have a strong regenerative capacity despite their low numbers in impaired tissue. Methods: Adipose-derived SVF cells obtained from four donors were co-cultured with bone marrow-derived MSCs, and the differential expression of osteogenic markers and osteogenic differentiation inducers over time was analyzed in mono-cultured MSCs and MSCs co-cultured with SVF cells. Results: The co-cultivation of MSCs with SVF cells significantly and mutually induced the expression of osteogenic-specific markers via paracrine and/or autocrine regulation but did not induce adipocyte, chondrocyte or myoblast marker expression. More surprisingly, subsequent osteogenesis and/or comparable effects were rapidly induced within 48 h. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in which osteogenesis and/or comparable effects were rapidly induced in bone marrow-derived MSCs and adipose-derived SVF cells through co-cultivation. Our findings suggest that the positive effects of SVF implantation into impaired bone may be attributed to the rapid induction of MSC osteogenesis, and the transplantation of co-cultured and preconditioned SVF cells and/or MSCs may be more effective than the transplantation of untreated cells for the treatment of bone defects. (c) 2017 The Author(s) Published by S. Karger AG, Basel</P>

Enhanced specific capacitance of modified needle cokes by controlling oxidation treatment

Yang, Sunhye,Kim, Ick-Jun,Choi, In-Sik,Soo Kim, Hyun,Tack Kim, Yu Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences 2010 Physica scripta Vol.2010 No.t139

<P>The electric double-layer performance of needle cokes can be affected by the morphology of structures. Hence, we introduce modified needle cokes by using simple oxidation treatment. The degree of graphitization with high specific capacitance is controlled by acid and heat treatment. The active sites of cokes are increased with increasing oxidation time. Dilute nitric acid (HNO<SUB>3</SUB>) and sodium chlorate (NaClO<SUB>3</SUB>) are used for the activation of cokes. In this case, the interlayer distance is dramatically increased from 3.5 to 8.9 Å. The specific capacitances are 33 F g<SUP>−1</SUP> and 30 F ml<SUP>−1</SUP>, respectively, on a two-electrode system with a potential range of 0–2.5 V. The behaviors of double-layer capacitance are demonstrated by the charge–discharge process and the morphologies of modified needle cokes are analyzed by XRD, FE-SEM, BET and elemental analysis.</P>

Influence of electrolytes (TEABF4 and TEMABF4) on electrochemical performance of graphite oxide derived from needle coke.

Yang, Sunhye,Kim, Ick-Jun,Choi, In-Sik,Bae, Mi-Kyeong,Kim, Hyun-Soo American Scientific Publishers 2013 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.13 No.5

<P>The structure of needle coke was changed to graphite oxide structure after oxidation treatment with 70 wt.% of nitric acid and sodium chlorate (NaClO3), and the inter-layer distance of the oxidized needle coke was expanded to 6.9 angstroms. The first charge profile of the oxidized needle coke-cell with 1.2 M TEMABF4/acetonitrile solution displayed that the intercalation of electrolyte ions into the inter-layer occurred at 1.0 V, which value is lower than 1.3 V of the oxidized needle coke-cell with 1.2 M TEABF4/acetonitrile solution. After first charge/discharge, the cell using TEMABF4 electrolyte exhibited smaller electrode resistance of 0.05 omega, and larger specific volume capacitance of 25.5 F/ml at the two-electrode system in the potential range 0-2.5 V than those of the cell using TEABF4 electrolyte. Compared to the TEABF4 electrolyte, better electrochemical performance of the TEMABF4 electrolyte in the oxidized needle coke may be caused by the smaller cation (TEMA+) size and better ion mobility in the nanopores between inter-layers.</P>

Trends in health behaviors over 20 years: findings from the 1998-2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Soyeon Kim,Sunhye Choi,Jihee Kim,Suyeon Park,Youngtaek Kim,Ok Park,Kyungwon Oh 한국역학회 2021 Epidemiology and Health Vol.43 No.-

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to examine the trends in health behaviors in Korean population using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). METHODS: The subjects were 96,408 adults aged 19 years or older who participated in the first (1998) through seventh (2016-2018) KNHANES health interview. The prevalence of health behaviors (cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, and physical activity) and annual percent change (APC) were estimated using SAS and the Joinpoint program. RESULTS: The prevalence of current cigarette smoking in men decreased by 2.8%p (APC=-2.8, p<0.001) annually over the 20-year period, and the prevalence of exposure to secondhand smoke at home substantially decreased compared to 2005 (APC=-8.8, p<0.001). Compared to 2005, the prevalence of current alcohol drinking in women, but not men, increased (APC=2.0, p<0.001), and the prevalence of binge drinking decreased in men (APC=-0.7, p<0.001) and increased in women (APC=2.4, p<0.001). The prevalence of aerobic physical activity decreased from 2014 in both gendersd (p<0.001). The prevalence of healthy behaviors practice (non-smoking, alcohol abstinence, and aerobic physical activity) was down-trending (APC=-5.3, p<0.001), especially among women (APC=-6.4, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Over the past 20 years, smoking behaviors improved. However, drinking behavior was unchanged and physical activity indicators markedly decreased. More active programs are necessary for improving health behaviors, which are major risk factors linked to chronic diseases.

Effects of donor age on human adipose-derived adherent stromal cells under oxidative stress conditions

Kim, Sang Woo,Choi, Jung-Won,Lee, Chang Youn,Lee, Jiyun,Shin, Sunhye,Lim, Soyeon,Lee, Seahyoung,Kim, Il-Kwon,Lee, Hoon-Bum,Hwang, Ki-Chul Cambridge Medical Publications Ltd 2018 The Journal of international medical research Vol.46 No.3

<P><B>Objective</B></P><P>Adipose-derived stromal vascular fractions (SVFs) are heterogeneous complex populations of cells with therapeutic efficacy for tissue generation and vascular stabilization. SVFs have cardiomyogenic potential, and many researchers have examined the possibility of SVF transplantation for heart disease. In cell-based therapies, donor age affects the regenerative capability, cell yield, and differentiation potential of adult tissues; however, opposing or controversial results have been found in humans. We examined whether SVF transplantation into impaired heart tissue shows differential effects according to donor age.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>We investigated differences in protein expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) co-cultured with adipose-derived adherent stromal cells (ADASs) from donors of different ages [>40-year-olds (40s group) and >60-year-olds (60s group)] under oxidative stress conditions.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Although co-culturing HUVECs with ADASs ameliorated inflammation due to increased oxidative stress conditions, few differences were observed between the ADASs from the 40s and 60s groups. Moreover, the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery classification tool revealed differentially expressed genes in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway associated with cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction in response to ADASs.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>Protein expression profiles were unchanged in HUVECs induced by isolated ADASs from donors of different ages under oxidative stress conditions.</P>