國文學과 謫所關係

趙成桓 群山敎育大學 1974 論文集 Vol.7 No.-

It is quite natural that the nation should precede the political parties and the people should be prior to the king. In Confucianism the king should be for the people and he is also called the God's son because he should administer the people by the Heaven's will. But the principle was not put into practice during 500 years of Yi Dynasty, so that the noble men who looked after only their own interests and didn't care about the nation's security and welfare caused the miserable results with the struggles between the political parties. Consequently the majority of the low class people get poorer and poorer but minority of noblemen who won the political power not only became rich but suppressed the political opponents and banished them to the isolated countries or islets. Among the victims of the four political parties in the Yi Dynasty there were many good scholars and statesmen who had produced great works of art in their lonely isolated life. In the exilic literature most works were lyric poems and Korean classical rhymed verse which had expressed loyalth and filial piety thought of Confucianism and transcendentalism of Taoism by the exiled scholars and statesmen at the isolated places. At the view point of Korean classical literature, such exilic literature left great achievements. Most exilians were once the brilliant leaders, the class of noblemen. And they all believed in Confucianism, the national religion of Yi Dynasty. They indulged in the fundamental thought that “One should first cultivate oneself, keep home, administer the nation, and then rule over the whole world.” Although they were different from the opponents in the political assertion or opinion, they were similar to the main points in their literary thoughts of feelings. Except the feudalistic writers such as Heo Kyun and some pragmatists in Yi Dynasty, almost all writers in exilic literature were same in its theme, symbol and style such as yearning for their master as subjects, escaping from reality and reciting and praising the nature, reading day and night, meditating and writing satirical poems based on the five ethical principles. In this paper I studied chiefly on the excellent poets such as Jeong Songgang, Yun Ko-san, Kim Ku. Of the poems and songs in Yi Dynasty I found out the facts that there were many good works related to the exilic literature not only in quantity but also in quality.

李朝 詩歌의 發生學的 硏究

趙成桓 群山大學校 1982 論文集 Vol.3 No.-

This paper is the study on Si-Ga literature in the age of the Yi-dynasty. I Surveyed concretely how Si-Ga literature had been Created in the Social background and the group of writers of Si-Ga had been Organized in a System of constitution. The Yi-dynasty had waged peace for a long time, but Hideyoshis Invasion of Korea, Im-Gin-Uae-Lan broke out in 1592 and the war continued for 7 years under the region of King Seon-Jo and Soon the War, Byung-Ja-Ho-Lan made us feel national disgrace. The Society though these two great wars in the Yi-dynasty got a fatal blow in the mentality as well as in the materiality and brought us a Social inconsistency of the Aristocratic class and a Self-awakening Spirit of plebeian people. Since the age of Seon-Jo Kingdom, which was a Period of the Strife among the Four Factions, an opposition party was exiled to a Secluded place or an isolated island. They Spent the rest of their lives there writing Si-Ga for controling their resentment. Si-Ga which was written in an exiled-place or in the strife among the Four Factions was called an exile-literature or literature of Four Factions. Making an analysis of these works, we can find firstly the beauty of nature. As a result of the Strife among Four Factions, the retired politicians became hermits living in the isolated islands or mountains and created Si-Ga literature based on the Self-Consolation, renunciation, satire and humour. Secondly, we can find Ga-Sa literature. On this period, the form of verse which was changed into the prose, expressed a delicate human life. Thirdly, we can find the development of positivism. They rejected idle and empty theory and pursued the practical life, scientific and truthful life. Fourthly, we can find the plebeian literature. Through the prose literature described concretely the real human life, they tried to find out unsophisticated and truthful humanity which was emerged from the world of ideality and formality.

韓國 古典文學의 女流作에 關한 硏究 : 許蘭雪軒과 그의 遺作을 中心으로 Chiefly on Mrs.Heo-nan-seol-heon and her Works.

趙成桓 群山敎育大學 1976 論文集 Vol.10 No.-

In this paper I intended to study the women-writers' works in classic literature of Korea. I divicled the classic period into ancient age, three Kingdom Dy-nasty, Koryo Dynasty and Yi Dynasty respectively. Mrs. Heo Nan-seol-heon(1562-1589) was an eminent figure among many women writers, though see died young at the age of 27. She was of noble birth in Yi Dynasty was not able to learn much as her brothers because of the predominance of man over woman. She learned literature for herself from the literary atmosphere of her brothers so that she could manage to understand the Chinese literature only at the age of seven and at last produced the poem such as Kwang-hanjeon-baekhong-lu sang-ryang-mun(廣寒殿白 王樓上樑文) Her works, including Chinese poem, Kyu-wan-ga(閨怨歌), Bong-seon-hwa-ga(鳳仙花 歌) were introduced to China at that time and were highly admired by the famous Chinese writers.

1930年代 韓國 純粹文學에 關한 硏究

趙成桓 群山敎育大學 1977 論文集 Vol.11 No.-

"Polite Literature" in Korea in 1930s formed by reaction to Proletarian literature marked a remarkable turning-point in our literary history. This period contributed to the literary achievements, in the seperate role as a pure literary area throngh the dark age of the national culture, in reassessing its value, and in raising the literary level. In this research I studied the writers' works and their activities related to polite literature, chiefly to the literary magazine [Poetry] and the literary group, [The Nine Members]. They emphasised on the pure creation in the literary activities far from the "engagement" in literature. Above all things they only hoped to have fine works and despised the impure works disorderly published as in poems of KAPF literature. They copld not make a single poem without deliberate and sincere revisions. In this paper, studying and analizing the works and writers of polite literature, I surveyed the general background of the 1930s in literature.

麗代의 歌詞 硏究 : 作品에 나타난 女性像을 中心으로 Centering on the Image of Women Appearing in Works

趙成桓 群山大學校 1981 論文集 Vol.2 No.-

This thesis deals with Si-ga Literature produced at the era of Ko-ryo. Generally people call this Si-ga Literature Sok-yo, Go-sokga, Jang-ga, Ga-yo, Ga-sa and Byel-gok Chae etc, but writer is willing to term it Ga-sa because of regarding special environment and the nuance of literature and art of the era of Ko-ryo. Thinking at historical point of view, the Ga-sa of Ko-ryo succeeding to the Hyang-ga Literature of Silla really plays an important role in the development of our national literature. The Si-ga Literature getting known at this time is the thing the people of high society did not create, but the people of low society. This is that frankly expressed the phases of uncertain social life socially and domestically when the Society of Ko-ryo confronted civil wars and outside foes. Nowadays in the historical fact that achieved our national inherent literature, the true expression of low people in the era of Ko-ryo which there wasn't the national letters accomplished the source of the development in our national literature. At the same time, it formed a lot of Korea classical literature, Also the spreading Ga-sa in this time excludes the mystical nature and the mystic effect of the spell which Hyang-ga of Silla has. On the other hand, really it is concerned with the life of mankind and then is expressing various kinds of popular nature. In the Sok-yo of Ko-ryo containing those contents, writer sorted out the type of a pure heart, the type of devoting to one's parents, the type of loneliness and the type of ruined women etc. centering on the image of women appearing in works. As a result of analyzing these works, we can catch the phases of social life and real life and real life at that time though the songs expressed with tender and courteous appeal unrevealing on the surface and the songs mixed with ironies as a metaphor being full of talent and wit just as it is all finds of grudges in mind, an excellent virtue of Korean women.

神經回路網을 利用한 765[kV] 送電線路의 單相 自動再閉路 技法에 관한 硏究

조성빈,김철환 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 2000 論文集 Vol.51 No.2

With the conventional single pole auto-reclosure(SPAR), unsuccessful reclosure using a fixed dead time in the case of the transient fault, or reclosure onto a permanent fault, may aggravate the potential damage to the system and equipment. In this respect, the research is needed to implement SPAR effectively. In this paper, we present the wavelet transform and the short-time fourier transform approachs to detection between the transient fault and the permanent fault in transmission lines. To discriminate between the transient fault and the permanent fault in transmission lines, We use Neural Networks. Neural Networks are well-suited for solving a difficult signal processing and a pattern recognition problem. This paper presents the application of artificial neural networks for electrical power systems. In this paper, detection of faults in the transmission line is performed using the voltages in the transmission lines. Test results show that Neural Networks discriminate between the transient fault and the permanent fault accurately in transmission lines.

李栗谷 文學 硏究 : Chiefly about Gosangugogga '高山九曲歌'를 中心으로

趙成桓 群山大學校 1983 論文集 Vol.5 No.-

Yi Yi, Yul-Gog, was a great scholar of the King Seon-Jo era in the middle of Yi Dynasty. Yi Yul-Gog whose mother was Sin Sa Im Dang, a literary woman was born at Gang Reung of Gang Weon Do. His feature was so fine and his talent for writings was so excellent that his parents loved him dearly and his neighbours were surprised at him. In the other hand Sa Im Dang was a virtuous model for all Korean women because she was possessed of the fundamental culture and good character which women needed to be equipped with, resulting from the strict household training. Yul-Gog, fostered under the care of this mother, understood the chinese characters at the age of three and he began to read the ancient writings with the guidance of his mother at the age of seven. When he became a great scholar later, he made a recommendation to the King that they should train a hundred thousand soldiers because he anticipated Hideyoshi's invasion of Korea. Therefore he was called the saint of the Orient and he formed Gi Ho Hag Pa with his students. Yul-Gog, who was as great as Yi Hwang in the world of Confucianism had a great effect on the later literary field. Yul-Gog wrote Gyeog Mong To Gyeol and many other writings, one of which was Gosangugogga, a Korean ode that is the object of my literary study. This ode consisting of ten stanzas was written when he lived at Go San in Hwang Hae Do after he resigned his office at the age of forty-two. Yul-Gog admired Ju Ja, a great scholar in Chinese Nam Song so much that he enjoyed reading Muyigugogga contained in Ju Ja Dae Jeon. Stimulated with Muyigugogga, Yul-Gog built a monastery in Hae Ju and he made efforts with a view to adoring Ju Ja, and to learning, and to teaching, with the result that he wrote this Gosangugogga. Accordingly Gosangugogga, which was an ode celebrating the scenic beauty of the four seasons of Go San in Hae Ju, was written in harmony with the four seasons. This ode consists of ten stanzas: the beginning stanza is an introduction, the first part is about Gwan Arm, the second part is about Hwa Arm, the third part is about Chi Byeong, the fourth part is about Song Ae, the fifty part is about Eun Byeong, the sixth part is about Jo Hyeob, the seventh part is about Pung Arm, the eighth part about Geum Tarn, and the ninth part is about Mun San. The places describing their scenic beauty precisely were named to represent their respective characteristics. Gosangugogga was so well-known that the great scholars to adore Yul-Gog translated it into many kinds of Han Si Jo which have come down through today's various books. It had a great effect on the Yi Jo literature. Finally Gosangugogga is a good literary work for the polishment of both mind and body and it is a Korean traditional literary work which bestowed a favourable instruction on learning as well. This thesis researched into the background under which Gosangugogga was produced, by means of the contrastive method to Muyigugogga. I think it enough materials for my fellow scholars of Korean literature.

정상인에서 전기 및 자기 자극을 이용한 설 근육의 전기생리학적 평가

조은미,류종현,안성환,조경원,임건한,김진호,김후원 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2006 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.31 No.1

Background: Abnormality of lingual muscles is clinically common. But its exact clinical assessment is quite difficult. Evaluation of motor power of the lingual muscles and their neural pathway is limited because of anatomical inaccessibility and individual variation of subjective symptoms. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the human motor cortex is a non-invasive tool to assess the functional integrity of the fast conducting central motor pathways and electrical stimulation of lingual nerve is a conventional method of peripheral nerve conduction. Therefore both study will be helpful to understanding of pathophysiology of lingual abnormality. Until now there is no such report in Korea. This study was conducted to acquire the easier method and normal control values of Korean subjects. Method: We recorded the motor responses from the lingual muscles of 32 healthy subjects (22 men, 10 women) by focal cortical TMS with a circular coil. Motor potentials were recorded by means of surface electrodes applied on the both side of the tongue, following TMS several centimeters lateral from the vertex and parietooccipital cortex and peripheral electrical stimulation of the 12th cranial nerve at the lateral 1/3 point of the line between the midline and angle of mandible. Results: During moderate motor activation, majority of maximal motor response were obtained 4-6cm lateral to the vertex with similar latencies. And the responses from magnetic stimulation of the intracranial segment of hypoglossal nerve were discarded because of difficulty to obtain and unsatisfactory reproducibility. The latency of motor evoked potentials in right cortical stimulation was 10.08 ± 1.17 msec and in left stimulation 10.04 ± 1.32 msec. The amplitudes in right 2.15 ± 1.02, left 2.09 ± 1.11 mV. The latencies electric hypoglossal nerve stimulation were 2.42 ± 0.34 in right, 2.49 ± 0.35 msec in left side. The amplitudes were 2.90 ± 2.37 in right, 2.43 ± 1.86 mV in left side. Central conduction times as calculated by subtracting the response latencies obtained by magnetic and electric stimulation are right 7.65 ± 1.19, left 7.55 ± 1.35 msec. There was no significant difference between man and woman, Conclusion: The method may be efficient, noninvasive, painless, and easy reproduced. With more extensive application to various neurological disorders, it comes close to being an ideal clinical conduction study technique for this cranial nerve.

水稻의 穗發芽性에 關한 硏究 (Ⅱ) 栽培時期 移動에 따른 穗發芽性

趙東三,孫錫龍,金鍾煥,尹太,朴成圭,權圭七 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1988 農業科學硏究 Vol.6 No.1

This study was conducted in 1987 to investigate the viviparous germination in rice. Six varieties, i. e., Daeseongbyeo, Sangpungbyeo Hwaseongbyeo, Taebagbyeo, Chilseongbyeo and Samgangbyeo were used for this experiment. Seedlings were transplanted on May 25 and dune 5 and panicles were harvested 5 times with 5 days interval beginning 25 days after heading. Panicles were incubated at normal temperature right after harvest to observe the germination. Rate of viviparous germination of Japonica type was higher than that of Indica type. The early varieties such as Daeseongbyeo, showed high viviparous germination. Rate of viviparous germination of May 25 transplanting was higher than that of June 5 transplanting. Viviparous germination rate of Japonica type appeared to be increased as the harvesting was postponed. On the other hand, Indica type didn't show viviparous germinate. Based on this study the optimum harvesting time of tested varieties appeared to be between 40 to 45 days after heading.

1920年代 韓國 浪漫主義 文學의 特性 : 「白潮」派를 中心으로

趙成桓 군산대학교 1980 論文集 Vol.1 No.-

This essay treats with the creative writing acclivity of the Baik-Jo(白潮)coterie who had led the Korean literary world during the first half of the 1920s.The Baik-Jo, which was published as a pure literary magazine of a medium octavo size by Korea publishing company, lasted a short life of only three issues between 1922~1923. In that magazine the so-called Baik-Jo coterie expressed as frankly as possible their sentiments about the social situation of those days after the 1919 Independence Movement in a various literal genre like poet, novel, essay, etc. As it is known, the 1919 Indepeadence Movement, which marked an unprecedented epoque in the Korean national history, was our people's upraisal against the long-lasted Japanese exploitation and pressure after the imperial Japanese seizure by force of our nation's independence.This nation-wide upraisal fallen into failure, all our people, in despair and discouragement, became the sacrifices to the Japanese imperialism, and so many patriots were imprisoned, or fled the land that the tragedy of our nation seemed to be unable to stop. Under this circumstance, the Baik-Jo coterie who were gathered to meet the needs of the time, were susceptible as young men to the trend of the late 18th century Europe Romanticism, and moreover with the strong national consciousness they produced abundant of various literary works and published them in the Baik-Jo, or the Pae-Hu(廢墟)magazine, which reflected or symbolized the gloomy reality of a colony of that time through grievious lamentation, elegy or sorrowful love song. If we review the contents of the literary works in those days they reveals talc major role of the Baik-Jo coterie in the formation of Korena modern literarute.Especially along with the Pae-Hu and the Chang-Mi-Chon(薔薇村)coterie, the Baik-Jo coterie was the nucleus and efflorescence of the Korean Romanticism in the history of the trend of literature. Namely, the national consciousness intensely exprcssed in the poets or novels of the Baik-Jo coterie, which made the love of nation, though in an grievious way, the theme of their literary works, became much appreciated for its role in the formation of a trend of literature like Romanticism. But such literary characteristic reveals itself not only in the Romanticism of Baik-Jo, coterie but in the literary works of the latter part of 1920s, and continued to be the hotbeds of Naturalism and Realism in this country, also exerted its enfluence on the birth of the Anti-Conventional School of Korean literature. A careful examination of the sphere of action of the Baik-Jo coterie enables us to understand the leaping process of Korean literature to the contemporary, and their achievements in the leiterature makes us well perceive the background of Korean Romanticism in 1920s.