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      • KCI등재

        Geometric and dosimetric verification of a recurrent neural network algorithm to compensate for respiratory motion using an articulated robotic couch

        Lee Minsik,Cho Min-Seok,Lee Hoyeon,Jeong Chiyoung,Kwak Jungwon,Jung Jinhong,Kim Su Ssan,Yoon Sang Min,Song Si Yeol,Lee Sang-wook,Kim Jong Hoon,Choi Eun Kyung,Cho Seungryong,Cho Byungchul 한국물리학회 2021 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.78 No.1

        The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of a recurrent neural network (RNN)-based prediction algorithm to compensate for respiratory movement using an articulated robotic couch system. A prototype of a real-time respiratory motion compensation couch was built using an optical 3D motion tracking system and a six-degree-of-freedom-articulated robotic system. To compensate for the system latency from motion detection to re-positioning of the system, RNN and double exponential smoothing (ES2) prediction algorithms were applied. Three aspects of performance were evaluated, simulation and experiments for geometric and dosimetric evaluations, using data from three liver and three lung patients who underwent stereotactic body radiotherapy. Overall, the RNN algorithm showed better geometric and dosimetric results than the other approaches. In simulation tests, RNN showed 82% average improvement ratio, compared with non-predicted results. In the geometric evaluation, RNN only showed average FWHM broadening of 1.5 mm, compared with the static case. In the dosimetric evaluation, RNN showed average gamma passing rates of 97.4 ± 1.0%, 89.0 ± 2.4% under the 3%/3 mm, 2%/2 mm respectively. It may be technically feasible to use the RNN prediction algorithm to compensate for respiratory motion with an articulated robotic couch system. The RNN algorithm could be widely used for motion compensation in patients undergoing radiotherapy.

      • KCI등재후보

        U.S. National Strategy and Implications for Domestic Terrorism -Focus on Violent Extremism-

        Chiyoung Lee,Youngseok Lee,Whanbog Bang J-INSTITUTE 2022 International Journal of Terrorism & National Secu Vol.7 No.1

        Purpose: In the case of the U.S., a representative country of the anti-terrorism war, this study focused on the National Strategy for Domestic Terrorism in 2021 published based on various cases and analysis and analyzed its implications and suggested the direction of Korea s anti-terrorism national strategy. Method: Based on the literature analysis, the U.S. predicts the trends and prospects of terrorism through its national strategy and background analysis of terrorism in Korea. In addition, a comparative study was conducted on the PVE policies of the United Nations, the United Kingdom, and Germany. Results: The United States uses information sharing, community utilization, office establishment, violent extremism prevention education, Internet proliferation program development, and a comprehensive approach by experts in various fields. Conclusion: Domestic terrorism should be addressed as a task of establishing legal concepts, sharing information, using local communities and partners, inviting experts in various fields and taking comprehensive and active approaches to resolving various social, cultural and political conflicts.

      • KCI등재후보

        Human Rights Issues in North Korea and the Residents’ Defection: An Analysis of Job Involvement according to the Period of Service of the South Korean Security Police

        Chiyoung Lee,Sunggu Jo,Byeongchan Kim J-INSTITUTE 2022 International Journal of Human & Disaster Vol.7 No.1

        Purpose: The purpose of this study is to validate the difference in the effectiveness of the police on job in-volvement based on their work experiences in order to validate the effectiveness of the security police who directly make contacts with the North Korean defectors as a solution to various problems and conflicts. Method: In this study, among police officers in the security department as of 2020 who had experience in work related North Korean defectors, 100 trainees in the Police Human Resources Development Institute were surveyed via self-administration method. Among the collected survey questionnaires, 91 were selected as valid samples, excluding those whose answers were incomplete or missing. Results: As a result of the study, there was no statistically significant difference demonstrated in terms of the difference in job involvement according to the total length of police service. Furthermore, as a result of the analy-sis performed on the difference in terms of the police’s job involvement according to security and service period, there was no statistically significant difference in total security, service period, and job involvement. Conclusion: It turned out that there was no statistical difference in terms of the perception of job involvement between the total police’s service period, security and service period, which. means that serving for a long time in the police or security department does not affect the responsibility, effort, and voluntary participation in the job. That is, since there is no difference in the perception of job involvement based on experiences, it is apparent that the factors affecting job involvement by various factors including working environment, performance measurement, and fatigue ought to be developed. Furthermore, this study looks forward to the lives of the North Koreans whose freedom and human rights are guaranteed by the collapse of the North Korean dictatorship.

      • KCI등재후보

        Regulation of North Korean Defectors: Validation of the Differences in Perception according to the Total Period of Service as Police and the Security and Service Period of the South Korean Security Police

        Chiyoung Lee,Byeongchan Kim,Sunggu Jo J-INSTITUTE 2022 Regulations Vol.7 No.1

        Purpose: The purpose of this study is to validate the difference in the perception of North Korean defectors by focusing on variables according to the period of service of the security police and the police’s total period of ser-vice, which can provide a high accessibility and experience based results for the North Korean defectors. Method: In this study, 100 South Korean police officers in 2020 were surveyed among the police officers of the security department who had work experiences related to the North Korean defectors, and among the trainees of the Police Human Resources Development Institute, the police institute of education in South Korea. The survey was conducted by the self-administration method, and 91 people’s questionnaires were used as valid samples, excluding the data with insincere responses or missing part of the survey information. Results: In terms of the difference in the perception of North Korean defectors according to the period of police service, the analysis demonstrated that there was a significant difference for the Q-22 question at the level of 5%. That is, it turned out that the longer the total police service period, the more the North Korean defectors had the perception to receive legal support for the purposes of visiting the police station. Furthermore, as for the difference in the perception of the North Korean defectors according to the period of the security police service, the analysis demonstrated a significant difference in the Q-24, Q-34, and Q-38 ques-tions at the 5% level. That is, it turned out that the security police perceived the problems of the North Korean defectors to be personal safety and understanding of the South Korean society, and perceived that the average monthly economic income of the North Korean defectors is stable. Conclusion: As the conclusion of this study, while the police generally perceive the work involving the North Korean defectors as a legal support and a business processing, the longer the service period of the security police, the difference in their perception turned out such that, the more problems with the personal safety of the North Korean defectors and their understanding of the South Korean society. Furthermore, in terms of the security police who are directly in charge of the North Korean defectors, they have a common perception about the North Korean society, such as problem solving through violence, awareness of and avoidance of damages according to the compliance of law, and the justification of individual sacrifice by groups. Hence, it may be interpreted as a result of recognizing it as a result of a lack of personal protection against violent crimes and a lack of understanding of the South Korean society.

      • Spatially mineralized self-assembled polymeric nanocarriers with enhanced robustness and controlled drug-releasing property

        Lee, Hong Jae,Kim, Sung Eun,Kwon, Il Keun,Park, Chiyoung,Kim, Chulhee,Yang, Jaemoon,Lee, Sang Cheon Royal Society of Chemistry 2010 Chemical communications Vol.46 No.3

        <P>Polymer micelles with bioabsorbable mineralized calcium phosphate nanoshells have been synthesized and demonstrated to be robust nanocarriers for efficient intracellular drug delivery.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Formation of CaP nanoshells greatly enhanced the robustness of polymer micelles, and the dissolution of CaP nanoshells in lysosomal environments facilitated the release of entrapped anticancer drugs. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=b913732g'> </P>

      • KCI등재후보

        Analysis of the Use of Defense Techniques of Korean JUDO Athletes According to their Gender and Grade

        Chiyoung Lee,Jaeho Kim,Sunggu Jo J-INSTITUTE 2021 International Journal of Martial Arts Vol.6 No.4

        Purpose: This study aims to prepare academic foundations and evidence for judo and explore changes in judo technique use according to middle school, high school, and college judo athletes winning experience and experi-ence of being selected as representative athletes. Method: In order to achieve the purpose of this study, frequency analysis was conducted to identify the gen-eral characteristics of the study subjects, and Cronbach s α coefficient was calculated to obtain the reliability value of the survey. In addition, t-test and One Way ANOVA were conducted to find out the difference in defense techniques according to the player s gender and grade. Results: As a result of the study, there was no difference in gender in judo defense techniques, and there was a significant difference in hand technique, hip technique, foot technique, and defense technique according to the player s grade. Conclusion: As a result of this study, considering the difference in judo defense technique according to grade, hand technique and hip technique are evenly distributed in grade, and in the case of foot technique, the higher the grade, the difference in perception of defense technique appeared.

      • KCI등재후보

        An Analysis of the Utilization of Offensive and Defensive Techniques According to the JUDO Athlete s Career

        Chiyoung Lee,Bongjun Choi,Sunggu Jo J-INSTITUTE 2021 Kinesiology Vol.6 No.3

        Purpose: For a study related the utilization of various techniques for Judo athletes of middle schools, high schools, and colleges and universities in their process of growth, this study seeks to explore changes in the utiliza-tion of Judo techniques according to the winning careers of the Judo athletes of middle schools, high schools, and colleges and universities and their experience of being selected to represent their schools and organizations. Method: To achieve the purpose of this study, the frequency analysis was performed to examine and under-stand the general characteristics of the research subjects, and the Cronbach s α coefficient was calculated to vali-date the reliability of the survey questionnaire. Furthermore, the one-way ANOVA was conducted to examine the differences between the offensive techniques and defensive techniques according to the athletes’ career. Results: As a result of the study, it turned out that there were significant differences across hand techniques, waist techniques, foot techniques, offensive techniques, and defensive techniques. Examining the techniques, it turned out that there were significant differences in offensive techniques among the hand techniques, pull and throw, throw or destroy with shoulder, and grab a single color and throw, and all techniques among the defensive techniques had significant differences. Conclusion: As a result of this study, it turned out that the greater the career, the higher the utilization of hand techniques and foot techniques among the offensive techniques, and the less the experiences, the higher the utili-zation of waist techniques. As for the defensive techniques, the greater the career, the utilization of hand tech-niques, waist techniques, and foot techniques all turned out to be high. However, among the waist techniques, hold belt, lift and throw over with waist and counter attack using opponent s techniques turned out to be high, the less the career.

      • Layer-by-layer assembled charge-trap memory devices with adjustable electronic properties

        Lee, Jang-Sik,Cho, Jinhan,Lee, Chiyoung,Kim, Inpyo,Park, Jeongju,Kim, Yong-Mu,Shin, Hyunjung,Lee, Jaegab,Caruso, Frank Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2007 Nature nanotechnology Vol.2 No.12

        <P>We describe a versatile approach for preparing flash memory devices composed of polyelectrolyte/gold nanoparticle multilayer films. Anionic gold nanoparticles were used as the charge storage elements, and poly(allylamine)/poly(styrenesulfonate) multilayers deposited onto hafnium oxide (HfO2)-coated silicon substrates formed the insulating layers. The top contact was formed by depositing HfO2 and platinum. In this study, we investigated the effect of increasing the number of polyelectrolyte and gold nanoparticle layers on memory performance, including the size of the memory window (the critical voltage difference between the 'programmed' and 'erased' states of the devices) and programming speed. We observed a maximum memory window of about 1.8 V, with a stored electron density of 4.2 x 1012 cm-2 in the gold nanoparticle layers, when the devices consist of three polyelectrolyte/gold nanoparticle layers. The reported approach offers new opportunities to prepare nanostructured polyelectrolyte/gold nanoparticle-based memory devices with tailored performance.</P>

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