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Study on Estimation of the Instantaneous Disturbance Values of EMS
Tetsuzo Sakamoto,Chiharu Furuta,Toyokazu Hanamoto,Yoshinobu Kubo 제어로봇시스템학회 2009 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.8
This paper presents a novel methodology of estimating the instantaneous values of disturbance force of electromagnetic suspension system, which is controlled by twin electromagnets to manage upward and downward disturbance forces. We have employed neural network system with backpropagation to learn the relationship between the system variables and the disturbance force as the output. The simulation results show satisfactory estimation with the function of generating the instantaneous values, which agree well with the applied disturbance. The paper also demonstrates a nonlinear control system working stably for a wide range of gaps of the electromagnets.
Ambroxol inhibits rhinovirus infection in primary cultures of human tracheal epithelial cells
Mutsuo Yamaya,Hidekazu Nishimura,Lusamba Kalonji Nadine,Chiharu Ota,Hiroshi Kubo,Ryoichi Nagatomi 대한약학회 2014 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.37 No.4
The mucolytic drug ambroxol hydrochloridereduces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines andthe frequency of exacerbation in patients with chronicobstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, theinhibitory effects of ambroxol on rhinovirus infection, themajor cause of COPD exacerbations, have not been studied. We examined the effects of ambroxol on type 14rhinovirus (RV14) infection, a major RV group, in primarycultures of human tracheal epithelial cells. RV14 infectionincreased virus titers and cytokine content in the supernatantsand RV14 RNA in the cells. Ambroxol (100 nM)reduced RV14 titers and cytokine concentrations of interleukin(IL)-1b, IL-6 and IL-8 in the supernatants and RV14RNA in the cells after RV14 infection, in addition toreducing susceptibility to RV14 infection. Ambroxol alsoreduced the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), the receptor for RV14, and the number ofacidic endosomes from which RV14 RNA enters thecytoplasm. In addition, ambroxol reduced the activation ofthe transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-jB) inthe nucleus. These results suggest that ambroxol inhibitsRV14 infection partly by reducing ICAM-1 and acidicendosomes via the inhibition of NF-jB activation. Ambroxol may modulate airway inflammation by reducingthe production of cytokines in rhinovirus infection.
Ambroxol inhibits rhinovirus infection in primary cultures of human tracheal epithelial cells
Yamaya, Mutsuo,Nishimura, Hidekazu,Nadine, Lusamba Kalonji,Ota, Chiharu,Kubo, Hiroshi,Nagatomi, Ryoichi 대한약학회 2014 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.37 No.4
The mucolytic drug ambroxol hydrochloride reduces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the frequency of exacerbation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the inhibitory effects of ambroxol on rhinovirus infection, the major cause of COPD exacerbations, have not been studied. We examined the effects of ambroxol on type 14 rhinovirus (RV14) infection, a major RV group, in primary cultures of human tracheal epithelial cells. RV14 infection increased virus titers and cytokine content in the supernatants and RV14 RNA in the cells. Ambroxol (100 nM) reduced RV14 titers and cytokine concentrations of interleukin (IL)-$1{\beta}$, IL-6 and IL-8 in the supernatants and RV14 RNA in the cells after RV14 infection, in addition to reducing susceptibility to RV14 infection. Ambroxol also reduced the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), the receptor for RV14, and the number of acidic endosomes from which RV14 RNA enters the cytoplasm. In addition, ambroxol reduced the activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-${\kappa}B$) in the nucleus. These results suggest that ambroxol inhibits RV14 infection partly by reducing ICAM-1 and acidic endosomes via the inhibition of NF-${\kappa}B$ activation. Ambroxol may modulate airway inflammation by reducing the production of cytokines in rhinovirus infection.