Biodegradable charged polyester-based vectors (BCPVs) as an efficient non-viral transfection nanoagent for gene knockdown of the BCR-ABL hybrid oncogene in a human chronic myeloid leukemia cell line

Yang, Chengbin,Panwar, Nishtha,Wang, Yucheng,Zhang, Butian,Liu, Maixian,Toh, Huiting,Yoon, Ho Sup,Tjin, Swee Chuan,Chong, Peter Han Joo,Law, Wing-Cheung,Chen, Chih-Kuang,Yong, Ken-Tye The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Nanoscale Vol.8 No.17

<P>First-line therapy of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) has always involved the use of BCR-ABL tyrosine-kinase inhibitors which is associated with an abnormal chromosome called Philadelphia chromosome. Although the overall survival rate has been improved by the current therapeutic regime, the presence of resistance has resulted in limited efficacy. In this study, an RNA interference (RNAi)-based therapeutic regime is proposed with the aim to knockdown the BCR-ABL hybrid oncogene using small interfering RNA (siRNA). The siRNA transfection rates have usually been limited due to the declining contact probability among polyplexes and the non-adherent nature of leukemic cells. Our work aims at addressing this limitation by using a biodegradable charged polyester-based vector (BCPV) as a nano-carrier for the delivery of BCR-ABL-specific siRNA to the suspension culture of a K562 CML cell line. BCR-ABL siRNAs were encapsulated in the BCPVs by electrostatic force. Cell internalization was facilitated by the BCPV and assessed by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. The regulation of the BCR-ABL level in K562 cells as a result of RNAi was analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). We observed that BCPV was able to form stable nanoplexes with siRNA molecules, even in the presence of fetal bovine serum (FBS), and successfully assisted in vitro siRNA transfection in the non-adherent K562 cells. As a consequence of downregulation of BCR-ABL, BCPV-siRNA nanoplexes inhibited cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis. All results were compared with a commercial transfection reagent, Lipofectamine2000 (TM), which served as a positive control. More importantly, this class of non-viral vector exhibits biodegradable features and negligible cytotoxicity, thus providing a versatile platform to deliver siRNA to non-adherent leukemia cells with high transfection efficiency by effectively overcoming extra-and intra-cellular barriers. Due to the excellent in vitro transfection results from BCPV-siRNA, a newly developed biodegradable transfection agent, BCPV, is being probed for transfection performance in an animal model.</P>

Effect of Melting Rate of Electroslag Rapid Remelting on the Microstructure and Carbides in a Hot Work Tool Steel

Chengbin Shi,Xin Zheng,Zhanbing Yang,Peng Lan,Jing Li,Fang Jiang 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.9

The microstructure and primary carbides in the steel billets produced by an industrial-scale electroslag rapid remelting(ESRR) at different melting rates were studied. The amount and size of primary carbides MC and M2Cat the center of theremelted ingots is larger than that at the mid-radius of the remelted ingots. The amount of primary carbides and secondarydendrite arm spacing of the ingot increase with the increase in the melting rates of ESRR, caused by the increase inthe local solidification time. The microsegregation of Mo in the remelted ingots after annealing is most serious among thecarbide-forming elements. The microsegregation of Mo and Cr increases linearly with increasing the melting rate, and themicrosegregation of V keeps nearly constant with further increasing the melting rate from 400 to 500 kg/h. Increasing themelting rate of ESRR do not change the types of primary carbides until 500 kg/h, at which another type of primary carbideM7C3is formed. The amount of the primary carbides and the microsegregation degree of Mo, V and Cr in the ESRR billetsat the melting rate of 400 kg/h is nearly same as that produced by same-scale conventional ESR.

Graphene embedded form stable phase change materials for drawing the thermo-electric energy harvesting

Yu, ChengBin,Yang, Sei Hyun,Pak, Seong Yeol,Youn, Jae Ryoun,Song, Young Seok Elsevier 2018 Energy conversion and management Vol.169 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We introduce a reusable energy harvesting system that can recover discarded thermal energy by utilizing temperature variation of the environment. The system consists of two different phase change materials (PCMs); poly ethylene glycol (PEG) and 1-tetradecanol (1-TD), and a cell of N and P type semiconductor. Since a large amount of heat energy is absorbed during phase transition, PCMS are generally utilized to maintain isothermal temperature on the opposite sides of the N and P type semiconductor as long as possible. The resulting temperature difference between two sides of semiconductor induces an electric current during the heating and cooling process. It is important for the phase change material (PCM) to possess a good shape stability without significant loss of latent heat. A 3D porous graphene aerogel is selected for the pure phase change material to infiltrate into the aerogel and to increase the shape stability and thermal conductivity of the PCM composite. The thermal conductivity of PEG and 1-TD composites is significantly increased to 0.4268 W/m∙K, and 0.3408 W/m∙K, respectively. Thermal and electrical analyses are performed to predict the energy harvested by the device. The electrical energy is generated in the harvesting system due to the Seebeck effect. The maximum value of the electric current reaches 10 mA in both heating and cooling processes and an LED lamp was turned on successfully. Additionally, the energy harvesting system is modelled by using the finite element method (FEM) and the numerical prediction is in good agreement with the experimental results.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The PCM composites sustain the solid state over the melting temperature. </LI> <LI> Thermal conductivity of the PCM composite is increased significantly. </LI> <LI> Both PCMs experience nearly isothermal conditions during the phase transition. </LI> <LI> Temperature difference between N P type surfaces generates the electrical current. </LI> <LI> Numerical simulation has similar results to the measured electric current. </LI> </UL> </P>

In Vitro Evaluation and Monitoring of the Expression Level and Localization of Aldose Reductase Using Functionalized Quantum Dots and EGFP

Xiaomin Liu,Chengbin Yang,Jing Liu,Jianwei Liu,Rui Hu,Hongwei Lian,Guimiao Lin,Liwei Liu,Ken-Tye Yong,Ling Ye 한국생물공학회 2015 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.20 No.4

The optimization of aldose reductase (AR) expression levels and tracking of the AR expression sites within the cell is an essential step in developing a platform for the effective production of aldose reductase inhibitors (ARIs). In this study, we have demonstrated the use of both immunocytochemistry and quantum dots-based immunofluorescence techniques for observing and detecting the expression level and localization of AR in the cytoplasm and cell membrane of a eukaryotic cell model with high levels of AR protein expression. Our results show that high expression levels of human AR can be achieved using the eukaryotic cell model that we have developed. The overexpressed AR can be used for translational studies of hAR and the screening of ARIs. More importantly, the use of the established quantum dots-based immunofluorescence technique in the intracellular labeling of AR allows the determination of the expression and distribution of the AR gene. Overall, the use of the interdisciplinary approach of both genetic engineering and quantum dot-based immunofluorescence allows not only the effective production of a desired protein, but also the determination of the cellular localization of such an expressed protein.

Identification of loci affecting teat number by genome-wide association studies on three pig populations

Tang, Jianhong,Zhang, Zhiyan,Yang, Bin,Guo, Yuanmei,Ai, Huashui,Long, Yi,Su, Ying,Cui, Leilei,Zhou, Liyu,Wang, Xiaopeng,Zhang, Hui,Wang, Chengbin,Ren, Jun,Huang, Lusheng,Ding, Nengshui Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.1

Objective: Three genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and a meta-analysis of GWAS were conducted to explore the genetic mechanisms underlying variation in pig teat number. Methods: We performed three GWAS and a meta-analysis for teat number on three pig populations, including a White Duroc${\times}$Erhualian $F_2$ resource population (n = 1,743), a Chinese Erhualian pig population (n = 320) and a Chinese Sutai pig population (n = 383). Results: We detected 24 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that surpassed the genome-wide significant level on Sus Scrofa chromosomes (SSC) 1, 7, and 12 in the $F_2$ resource population, corresponding to four loci for pig teat number. We highlighted vertnin (VRTN) and lysine demethylase 6B (KDM6B) as two interesting candidate genes at the loci on SSC7 and SSC12. No significant associated SNPs were identified in the meta-analysis of GWAS. Conclusion: The results verified the complex genetic architecture of pig teat number. The causative variants for teat number may be different in the three populations

Preparation and properties of coated silica/aluminum cermet materials via powder metallurgy method

Jieguang Song,Yue Liu,Chunxiao Wu,Xueqing Yang,Huihui Luo,Chunyan He,Chengbin Li,Haizhen Yang 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2020 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.21 No.2

Cermet is a combination of metal and ceramic, it exhibits some special properties, so it is one of the most widely usedengineering materials. In this paper, the properties of encapsulated SiO2/Al cermet were prepared by powder metallurgymethod. Results showed that the density of SiO2/Al cermet is increased with an increasing Al content. When the Al contentis high, and the high temperature is sintered, the liquid phase can fully bond the surrounding SiO2 particles to form a relativelycontinuous and dense structure, thereby obtaining a high microstructure density. When the SiO2:Al ratio is increased from 1:1to 1:3, the hardness is gradually increased. The hardness and density of the sample are gradually increased with an increasingmolding pressure. The surface hardness of the cermet is increased first and then decreased with an increasing sinteringtemperature. When the SiO2:Al ratio is 1:3, the holding time is 10 min under molding pressure of 15 MPa, and the sinteringtemperature is 900 °C for 1 h, the surface hardness of the obtained coated SiO2/Al cermet is high, the value is 175.2 HV.

SYNTAX Score and SYNTAX Score II Can Predict the Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Left Main and/or 3-Vessel Disease Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in the Contemporary Cobalt-Chromium Everolimus-Eluting Stent Era

Jeehoon Kang,Jung-Kyu Han,Do-Yoon Kang,Chengbin Zheng,Han-Mo Yang,Kyung Woo Park,Hyun-Jae Kang,Bon-Kwon Koo,Hyo-Soo Kim 대한심장학회 2020 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.50 No.1

Background and Objectives: The impact of SYNergy between percutaneous coronary intervention with TAXus and cardiac surgery score (SS) and SS II in patients who receive percutaneous coronary intervention with second-generation everolimus-eluting stents (EES) has not been fully validated. Methods: The SS, SS II were calculated in 1,248 patients with left main and/or 3-vessel disease treated with EES. Patient-oriented composite endpoint (POCE; all-cause death, any myocardial infarction (MI), any revascularization) and target lesion failure (TLF: cardiac death, target-vessel MI, target lesion revascularization) were analyzed. Results: The mean SS was 21.1±9.6. Three-year POCE increased according to the SS group (15.2% vs. 19.9% vs. 27.4% for low (≤22), intermediate (≥23, ≤32), high (≥33) SS groups, p<0.001). By multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis, SS group was an independent predictor of 3-year POCE (hazard ratio, 1.324; 95% confidence interval, 1.095–1.601; p=0.004). The receiver operating characteristic curves revealed that the SS II was superior to the SS for 3-year POCE prediction (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.611 vs. 0.669 for SS vs. SS II, p=0.019), but not for 3-year TLF (AUC: 0.631 vs. 0.660 for SS vs. SS II, p=0.996). In subgroup analysis, SS II was superior to SS in patients with cardiovascular clinical risk factors, and in those presenting as stable angina. Conclusions: The usefulness of SS and SS II was still valid in patients with left main and/or 3-vessel disease. SS II was superior to SS for the prediction of patient-oriented outcomes, but not for lesion-oriented outcomes.