Biosynthesis of 3-Hydroxy-5-Methyl-O-Methyltyrosine in the Saframycin/Safracin Biosynthetic Pathway

Cheng Yu Fu,Man Cheng Tang,Chao Peng,Lei Li,Yan Ling He,Wen Liu,Gong Li Tang 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2009 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.19 No.5

Removal of chlorinated organic solvents from hydraulic fracturing wastewater by bare and entrapped nanoscale zero-valent iron

Lei, Cheng,Sun, Yuqing,Khan, Eakalak,Chen, Season S.,Tsang, Daniel C.W.,Graham, Nigel J.D.,Ok, Yong Sik,Yang, Xin,Lin, Daohui,Feng, Yujie,Li, Xiang-Dong Elsevier 2018 CHEMOSPHERE - Vol.196 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>With the increasing application of hydraulic fracturing, it is urgent to develop an effective and economically feasible method to treat the large volumes of fracturing wastewater. In this study, bare and entrapped nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) were introduced for the removal of carbon tetrachloride (CT) and 1,1,2-trichloroethane (TCA) in model high-salinity fracturing wastewater. With increasing ionic strength (<I>I</I>) from Day-1 (<I>I</I> = 0.35 M) to Day-90 (<I>I</I> = 4.10 M) wastewaters, bare nZVI presented significantly lower removal efficiency of CT (from 53.5% to 38.7%) and 1,1,2-TCA (from 71.1% to 21.7%) and underwent more serious Fe dissolution from 1.31 ± 1.19% in Day-1 to 5.79 ± 0.32% in Day-90 wastewater. Particle aggregation induced by high ionic strength was primarily responsible for the lowered performance of nZVI due to less available reactive sites on nZVI surface. The immobilization of nZVI in alginate with/without polyvinyl alcohol provided resistance to particle aggregation and contributed to the superior performance of entrapped nZVI in Day-90 wastewater for 1,1,2-TCA removal (62.6–72.3%), which also mitigated Fe dissolution (4.00–4.69%). Both adsorption (by polymer matrix) and reduction (by immobilized nZVI) were involved in the 1,1,2-TCA removal by entrapped nZVI. However, after 1-month immersion in synthetic fracturing wastewater, a marked drop in the reactivity of entrapped nZVI for 1,1,2-TCA removal from Day-90 wastewater was observed with significant release of Na and total organic carbon. In summary, bare nZVI was sensitive to the nature of the fracturing wastewater, while the use of environmentally benign entrapped nZVI was more promising for wastewater treatment.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Increasing ionic strength decreased nZVI reactivity and increased Fe dissolution. </LI> <LI> Entrapping nZVI in polymer matrix improved reactivity and limited Fe dissolution. </LI> <LI> Entrapped nZVI removed model chlorinated organic via both adsorption and reduction. </LI> <LI> Aging process was mitigated by polymer matrix but still inhibited nZVI reactivity. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Mechanical Property Test and Analytical Method for Reactive Powder Concrete Columns under Eccentric Compression

Cheng-hua Shi,Min Long,Cheng-yong Cao,Guangcheng Long,Ming-feng Lei 대한토목학회 2017 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.21 No.4

Reactive Powder Concrete (RPC) has ultra-high strength, toughness and durability. Review studies were focused on the mechanical properties of RPC material and RPC beam. In this paper, the bearing features of RPC columns under eccentric compression with different section dimensions, reinforcement ratios, and conditions of with and without steel fibres were determined through large eccentric compression test of 22 RPC columns. The distribution patterns of stresses over the section of the RPC columns under large eccentric compression were determined under cracking loads. A simple analytical method for the cracking loads was also established. Test results revealed that the thickness ratio of elastic tensile region and the whole tensile region can be 0.4 (with steel fibres) or 0.5 (without steel fibres) when calculating the cracking loads. The tensile stress on the RPC columns showed an isosceles triangle distribution in the tensile region. A simple analytical method for calculating the ultimate loads of RPC columns under large eccentric compression was set up. Test results revealed that the equivalence coefficient of the RPC column in tensile regions can be 0.6 (with steel fibres) or 0.4 (without steel fibres). The method deduced in this paper can be used to design the RPC column under large eccentric compression.

Chinese Society of Allergy Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis

Lei Cheng,Jianjun Chen,Qingling Fu,Shaoheng He,Huabin Li,Zheng Liu,Guolin Tan,Zezhang Tao,Dehui Wang,Weiping Wen,Rui Xu,Yu Xu,Qintai Yang,Chonghua Zhang,Gehua Zhang,Ruxin Zhang,Yuan Zhang,Bing Zhou,Do 대한천식알레르기학회 2018 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.10 No.4

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a global health problem that causes major illnesses and disabilities worldwide. Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that the prevalence of AR has increased progressively over the last few decades in more developed countries and currently affects up to 40% of the population worldwide. Likewise, a rising trend of AR has also been observed over the last 2-3 decades in developing countries including China, with the prevalence of AR varying widely in these countries. A survey of self-reported AR over a 6-year period in the general Chinese adult population reported that the standardized prevalence of adult AR increased from 11.1% in 2005 to 17.6% in 2011. An increasing number of original articles and imporclinical trials on the epidemiology, pathophysiologic mechanisms, diagnosis, management and comorbidities of AR in Chinese subjects have been published in international peer-reviewed journals over the past 2 decades, and substantially added to our understanding of this disease as a global problem. Although guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of AR in Chinese subjects have also been published, they have not been translated into English and therefore not generally accessible for reference to non-Chinese speaking international medical communities. Moreover, methods for the diagnosis and treatment of AR in China have not been standardized entirely and some patients are still treated according to regional preferences. Thus, the present guidelines have been developed by the Chinese Society of Allergy to be accessible to both national and international medical communities involved in the management of AR patients. These guidelines have been prepared in line with existing international guidelines to provide evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis and management of AR in China.

Adaptive Synchronization of Chaotic Systems with known Response System Parameters

Cheng Gan,Yuan Cheng,Ruiqi Wang,Junwei Lei 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Future Generation Communi Vol.8 No.5

A kind of adaptive synchronous control method was proposed to solve a special synchronization problem between two chaotic systems, where the response system is totally known without uncertainty but the driven system contains both unknown parameters and uncertain nonlinear functions. An update law of estimation of unknown parameters of driven system by constructing a proper Lyapunov energy function and the stability of the whole system was guaranteed by Lyapunov stability theorem. What is worthy pointing out is that the chaotic systems are not required to satisfy the Lipscitz condition. At last, detailed numerical situation was done to show the rightness and effectiveness of the proposed method.

Tetrazolium Violet Induces Apoptosis via Caspases-8, -9 Activation and Fas/FasL Up-regulation in Rat C6 Glioma Cells

Cheng-fa Cai,Yun-feng Zhao,Lei Feng,Lei Wang,Qing-zhong Kong 대한약학회 2009 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.32 No.4

Tetrazolium violet (TV), a tetrazolium salt, was synthesized as a novel and potent anticancer agent with a broad spectrum of anticancer activity against many cancer cells. A previous study showed that tetrazolium violet inhibited cell growth, and induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in C6 Rat glioma cells. It also showed that treatment of cells with TV for 24 h resulted in a dramatic up-regulation of p53, and an increase in the activity of caspase-3, accompanied with a significant increase of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. In this study, we further investigated which Fas/FasL and caspase were activated by TV during the apoptosis. Annexin-V-propidium iodide (PI) binding assay and nucleosome ELISA assay further indicated that TV induced a typical apoptosis, in a time-dose-dependent manner. The data showed that the activity of Fas/FasL and caspase-8 and -9 were significantly enhanced by the compound, which suggested that TV might be used as a Fas/FasL and caspases promoter to initiate brain cancer cell apoptosis.

An Analysis of the Ground Deformation Caused by Shield Tunnel Construction Combining an Elastic Half-Space Model and Stochastic Medium Theory

Cheng-hua Shi,Cheng-yong Cao,Ming-feng Lei 대한토목학회 2017 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.21 No.5

The ground movement induced by the construction of shield tunnels affects the safety of nearby underground pipes and aboveground structures. Therefore, the reliable prediction of ground movement is important. In this paper, a model describing the interaction between soil and an EPB shield used in tunnels is presented, based on the classical elastic theory of Mindlin. In this model, the changing location of the working shield is considered. The equations describing the ground deformation around the tunnel caused by the additional force on the shield working surface and the frictional force between the outer surface of the shield and the surrounding soil are derived. The ground deformation caused by ground loss due to shield tunnel construction is derived using stochastic medium theory. Finally, this model is applied to two running tunnels, and the sensitivity of the ground deformation to the calculation parameters is discussed.

Deformation Characteristics and Countermeasures of shallow and Large-span Tunnel Under-crossing the Existing Highway in Soft Soil: a Case Study

Cheng-yong Cao,Cheng-hua Shi,Ming-feng Lei,Li-min Peng,Ruxue Bai 대한토목학회 2018 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.22 No.8

Hongmian Road goes under Jihe highway by the way of tunnel in Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China. The tunnel hassome special characteristics such as shallow depth, large span, soft soil, busy traffic, and long distance under-crossing the operatinghighway, thus there is great difficulty and risk during its construction. A series of in-situ tests were conducted to reveal deformationcharacteristics during tunneling beneath the existing highway by the double-side-drift method (DSDM). The results show that initialconstruction method and measures can't meet the safety requirement of tunnel construction, and the level of risk is extremely high, sothe construction method need to be timely adjusted. By comprehensive analysis, the double-side-drift optimum method (DSDOM) isput forward, on the basis of which a series of optimum measures also have been put forward, such as reasonable constructionmethods, the suitable length of bench and excavation, soil reinforcement measures on tunnel face, optimizing construction process,closing primary support in time and speeding up the construction of secondary lining. Then the feasibility of this optimizedconstruction method and measures are verified by the numerical simulations. Finally, from feedbacks of monitoring results, theoptimum method and measures have been proved to be reasonable and feasible, and they can guarantee a successful pass beneath theoperating highway.

Optimal Design and Dynamic Control of Construction Dewatering with the Consideration of Dewatering Process

Cheng-hua Shi,Cheng-yong Cao,Ming-feng Lei,Li-min Peng,Jing Jiang 대한토목학회 2017 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.21 No.4

Design optimization of construction dewatering has important values in protecting the surrounding environment and reducing the engineering cost. The existing dewatering design methods are mostly based on the optimization of pumping rate needed to maintain a stable water level, while the drop and rise of water level are not considered in the estimation of pumping rate and dewatering time. The dynamics process of construction dewatering is taken into account in this article. The method for calculating the total water yield and dewatering time from the initial groundwater level to the target water level is established. Then, the design optimization of well group dewatering is provided with the consideration of total water yield and dewatering time in dynamic dewatering process. Finally, the method for the calculation of total water yield and dewatering time when dewatering regions change is derived. The proposed method can realize design optimization and dynamic control of dewatering as the dewatering regions and water level changes in construction. The reliability of this method is verified in on-site engineering applications.

Prognostic Value of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression in Resected Gastric Cancer

Liu, Lei,Ma, Xue-Lei,Xiao, Zhi-Lan,Li, Mei,Cheng, Si-Hang,Wei, Yu-Quan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.7

Background and Aims: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potential prognostic biomarker for patients with resected gastric cancer. However, its role remains controversial. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of published literature. Methods: Relevant literature was identified using Medline and survival data from published studies were collected following a methodological assessment. Quality assessment of eligible studies and meta-analysis of hazard ratio (HR) were performed to review the correlation of VEGF overexpression with survival and recurrence in patients with gastric cancer. Results: Our meta-analysis included 44 published studies with 4,794 resected patients. VEGF subtype for the prediction of overall survival (OS) included tissue VEGF (HR=2.13, 95% CI 1.71-2.65), circulating VEGF (HR=4.22, 95% CI 2.47-7.18), tissue VEGF-C (HR=2.21, 95% CI 1.58-3.09), tissue VEGF-D (HR=1.73, 95% CI 1.25-2.40). Subgroup analysis showed that HRs of tissue VEGF for OS were, 1.78 (95% CI 0.90-3.51) and 2.31 (95% CI 1.82-2.93) in non-Asians and Asians, respectively. The meta-analysis was also conducted for disease free survival (DFS) and disease specific survival (DSS). Conclusion: Positive expression of tissue VEGF, circulating VEGF, VEGF-C and VEGF-D were all associated with poor prognosis in resected gastric cancer. However, VEGF demonstrated no significant prognostic value for non-Asian populations. Circulating VEGF may be better than tissue VEGF in predicting prognosis.